BEGINNER’S GUIDE FOR LINUX .md

原文地址：https://www.tecmint.com/free-online-linux-learning-guide-for-beginners/

BEGINNER’S GUIDE FOR LINUX

Section 1: Introduction To Linux and OS Installations

• What Is Linux? and How Does Linux Work?
• A Basic Guide to Linux Boot Process
• Linux Directory Structure and Important Files
• How to Install RHEL 9 for Free
• How to Install VirtualBox to Try Different Linux Distros
• Best Linux Distributions for Beginners To Try
• Install Rocky Linux on VirtualBox on Windows

Section 2: Essential Basic Linux Commands

• ls Command – List Files and Directories in Linux
• cd Command – Switch Between Directories in Linux
• pwd Command – Check Current Working Directory in Linux
• dir Command – List Contents of a Directory in Linux
• mkdir Command – Create New Directories in Linux
• rmdir Command – Delete Directories in Linux
• mv Command – Rename or Move Files and Directories in Linux
• cp Command – Copy Files and Directories in Linux
• touch Command – Create New Files in Linux
• find Command – Find Files and Directories in Linux
• cat Command – List Contents of Files in Linux
• df Command – Check Linux File System Disk Space Usage
• du Command – Check Disk Usage of Files and Directories
• tar Command – Create, Extract, and List Archive Files in Linux
• grep Command – Find Patterns or Strings in Text Files
• ln Command – Create Hard and Symbolic Links in Linux
• alias Command – Create Alias (Shortcuts) in Linux
• echo Command – How to Print Line of Text in Linux
• tail Command – Print Last 10 Lines of File in Linux
• top Command – List Running Processes in Linux
• ps Command – List Running Processes with PIDs in Linux
• kill Command – Kill Running Processes with PIDs in Linux
• uniq Command – Remove Duplicate Lines in Linux

Section 3: Essentials of Advance Linux Commands

• Quirky ‘ls’ Commands Every Linux User Must Know
• Manage Files Effectively using head, tail and cat Commands in Linux
• Count Number of Lines, Words, Characters in File using ‘wc’ Command
• Basic ‘sort’ Commands to Sort Files in Linux
• Advance ‘sort’ Commands to Sort Files in Linux
• Pydf an Alternative “df” Command to Check Disk Usage
• Check Linux Ram Usage with ‘free’ Command
• Advance ‘rename’ Command to Rename Files and Directories
• Print Text/String in Terminal using ‘echo’ Command

Section 4: Some More Advanced Linux Commands

• Switching From Windows to Nix – 20 Useful Commands for Newbies – Part 1
• 20 Advanced Commands for Middle Level Linux Users – Part 2
• 20 Advanced Commands for Linux Experts – Part 3
• 20 Funny Commands of Linux or Linux is Fun in Terminal – Part 1
• 6 Interesting Funny Commands of Linux (Fun in Terminal) – Part 2
• 51 Useful Lesser Known Commands for Linux Users
• 10 Most Dangerous Commands – You Should Never Execute on Linux

Section 5: User, Group, and File Permissions Management

• How to Add or Create New Users using ‘useradd’ Command
• How to Modify or Change Users Attributes using ‘usermod’ Command
• Managing Users & Groups, File Permissions & Attributes – Advance Level
• Difference Between su and sudo – How to Configure sudo – Advance Level
• How to Monitor User Activity with psacct or acct Tools

Section 6: Linux Package Management

• Yum Package Management – CentOS, RHEL and Fedora
• RPM Package Management – CentOS, RHEL and Fedora
• APT-GET and APT-CACHE Package Management – Debian, Ubuntu
• DPKG Package Management – Debian, Ubuntu
• Zypper Package Management – Suse and OpenSuse
• Linux Package Management with Yum, RPM, Apt, Dpkg, Aptitude and Zypper – Advance Level
• 27 ‘DNF’ (Fork of Yum) Commands for RPM Package Management – New Update

Section 7: System Monitoring & Cron Scheduling

• Linux Process Monitoring with top Command
• Linux Process Management with Kill, Pkill and Killall Commands
• Linux File Process Management with lsof Commands
• Linux Job Scheduling with Cron
• 20 Command Line Tools to Monitor Linux Performance – Part 1
• 13 Linux Performance Monitoring Tools – Part 2
• Nagios Monitoring Tool for Linux – Advance Level
• Zabbix Monitoring Tool for Linux – Advance Level
• Shell Script to Monitor Network, Disk Usage, Uptime, Load Average and RAM – New Update

Section 8: Linux Archiving/Compression, Backup/Sync and Recovery

Archiving/Compression Files

• How to Archive/Compress Linux Files and Directories using ‘tar’ Command
• How to Open, Extract and Create RAR Files in Linux
• 5 Tools to Archive/Compress Files in Linux
• How to Archive/Compress Files and Setting File Attributes – Advance Level

Backup/Sync Files and Directories in Linux

• How to Copy/Synchronize Files and Directories Locally/Remotely with rsync
• How to Transfer Files/Folders in Linux using scp
• Rsnapshot (Rsync Based) – A Local/Remote File System Backup Tool
• Sync Two Apache Web Servers/Websites Using Rsync – Advance Level

Backup/Recovery Linux Filesystems

• Backup and Restore Linux Systems using Redo Backup Tool
• How to Clone/Backup Linux Systems Using – Mondo Rescue Disaster Recovery Tool
• How to Recover Deleted Files/Folders using ‘Scalpel’ Tool
• 8 “Disk Cloning/Backup” Softwares for Linux Servers

Section 9: Linux File System / Network Storage Management

• What is Ext2, Ext3 & Ext4 and How to Create and Convert Linux File Systems
• Understanding Linux File System Types
• Linux File System Creation and Configurations – Advance Level
• Setting Up Standard Linux File Systems and Configuring NFSv4 Server – Advance Level
• How to Mount/Unmount Local and Network (Samba & NFS) Filesystems – Advance Level
• How to Create and Manage Btrfs File System in Linux – Advance Level
• Introduction to GlusterFS (File System) and Installation – Advance Level

Section 10: Linux LVM Management

• Setup Flexible Disk Storage with Logical Volume Management
• How to Extend/Reduce LVM’s (Logical Volume Management)
• How to Take Snapshot/Restore LVM’s
• Setup Thin Provisioning Volumes in LVM
• Manage Multiple LVM Disks using Striping I/O
• Migrating LVM Partitions to New Logical Volume

Section 11: Linux RAID Management

• Introduction to RAID, Concepts of RAID and RAID Levels
• Creating Software RAID0 (Stripe) on ‘Two Devices’ Using ‘mdadm
• Setting up RAID 1 (Mirroring) using ‘Two Disks’ in Linux
• Creating RAID 5 (Striping with Distributed Parity) in Linux
• Setup RAID Level 6 (Striping with Double Distributed Parity) in Linux
• Setting Up RAID 10 or 1+0 (Nested) in Linux
• Growing an Existing RAID Array and Removing Failed Disks in Linux
• Assembling Partitions as RAID Devices – Creating & Managing System Backups

Section 12: Manage Services in Linux

• Configure Linux Services to Start and Stop Automatically
• How to Stop and Disable Unwanted Services in Linux
• How to Manage ‘Systemd’ Services Using Systemctl in Linux
• Managing System Startup Process and Services in Linux

Section 13: Linux System Security and Firewall

Linux Security and Tools

• 25 Hardening Security Tips for Linux Servers
• 5 Best Practices to Secure and Protect SSH Server
• How to Password Protect Grub in Linux
• Protect SSH Logins with SSH & MOTD Banner Messages
• How to Audit Linux Systems using Lynis Tool
• Secure Files/Directories using ACLs (Access Control Lists) in Linux
• How to Audit Network Performance, Security, and Troubleshooting in Linux
• Mandatory Access Control Essentials with SELinux – New Update

Linux Firewall and Tools

• Basic Guide on IPTables (Linux Firewall) Tips / Commands
• How To Setup an Iptables Firewall in Linux
• How to Configure ‘FirewallD’ in Linux
• Useful ‘FirewallD’ Rules to Configure and Manage Firewall in Linux
• How to Install and Configure UFW – An Un-complicated FireWall
• Shorewall – A High-Level Firewall for Configuring Linux Servers
• Install ConfigServer Security & Firewall (CSF) in Linux
• How to Install ‘IPFire’ Free Firewall Linux Distribution
• How to Install and Configure pfSense 2.1.5 (Firewall/Router) in Linux
• 10 Useful Open Source Security Firewalls for Linux Systems

Section 14: LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL/MariaDB and PHP) Setup’s

• Installing LAMP in RHEL/CentOS 6.0
• Installing LAMP in RHEL/CentOS 7.0
• Ubuntu 14.04 Server Installation Guide and Setup LAMP
• Installing LAMP in Arch Linux
• Setting Up LAMP in Ubuntu Server 14.10
• Installing LAMP in Gentoo Linux
• Creating Your Own Webserver and Hosting A Website from Your Linux Box
• Apache Virtual Hosting: IP Based and Name Based Virtual Hosts in Linux
• How to Setup Standalone Apache Server with Name-Based Virtual Hosting with SSL Certificate
• Creating Apache Virtual Hosts with Enable/Disable Vhosts Options in RHEL/CentOS 7.0
• Creating Virtual Hosts, Generate SSL Certificates & Keys and Enable CGI Gateway in Gentoo Linux
• Protect Apache Against Brute Force or DDoS Attacks Using Mod_Security and Mod_evasive Modules
• 13 Apache Web Server Security and Hardening Tips
• How to Sync Two Apache Web Servers/Websites Using Rsync
• How to Install ‘Varnish’ (HTTP Accelerator) and Perform Load Testing Using Apache Benchmark
• Installing and Configuring LAMP/LEMP Stack on Debian 8 Jessie – New Update

Section 15: LEMP (Linux, Nginx, MySQL/MariaDB and PHP) Setup’s

• Install LEMP in Linux
• Installing FcgiWrap and Enabling Perl, Ruby and Bash Dynamic Languages on Gentoo LEMP
• Installing LEMP in Gentoo Linux
• Installing LEMP in Arch Linux

Section 16: MySQL/MariaDB Administration

• MySQL Basic Database Administration Commands
• 20 MySQL (Mysqladmin) Commands for Database Administration in Linux
• MySQL Backup and Restore Commands for Database Administration
• How to Setup MySQL (Master-Slave) Replication
• Mytop (MySQL Database Monitoring) in Linux
• Install Mtop (MySQL Database Server Monitoring) in Linux
• https://www.tecmint.com/mysql-performance-monitoring/

Section 17: Basic Shell Scripting

• Understand Linux Shell and Basic Shell Scripting Language Tips – Part I
• 5 Shell Scripts for Linux Newbies to Learn Shell Programming – Part II
• Sailing Through The World of Linux BASH Scripting – Part III
• Mathematical Aspect of Linux Shell Programming – Part IV
• Calculating Mathematical Expressions in Shell Scripting Language – Part V
• Understanding and Writing functions in Shell Scripts – Part VI
• Deeper into Function Complexities with Shell Scripting – Part VII
• Working with Arrays in Linux Shell Scripting – Part 8
• An Insight of Linux “Variables” in Shell Scripting Language – Part 9
• Understanding and Writing ‘Linux Variables’ in Shell Scripting – Part 10
• Nested Variable Substitution and Predefined BASH Variables in Linux – Part 11

Section 18: Linux Interview Questions

• 15 Interview Questions on Linux “ls” Command – Part 1
• 10 Useful ‘ls’ Command Interview Questions – Part 2
• Basic Linux Interview Questions and Answers – Part 1
• Basic Linux Interview Questions and Answers – Part 2
• Linux Interview Questions and Answers for Linux Beginners – Part 3
• Core Linux Interview Questions and Answers
• Useful Random Linux Interview Questions and Answers
• Interview Questions and Answers on Various Commands in Linux
• Useful Interview Questions on Linux Services and Daemons
• Basic MySQL Interview Questions for Database Administrators
• MySQL Database Interview Questions for Beginners and Intermediates
• Advance MySQL Database “Interview Questions and Answers” for Linux Users
• Apache Interview Questions for Beginners and Intermediates
• VsFTP Interview Questions and Answers – Part 1
• Advance VsFTP Interview Questions and Answers – Part 2
• Useful SSH (Secure Shell) Interview Questions and Answers
• Useful “Squid Proxy Server” Interview Questions and Answers in Linux
• Linux Firewall Iptables Interview Questions – New Update
• Basic Interview Questions on Linux Networking – Part 1 – New Update

Section 19: Shell Scripting Interview Questions

• Useful ‘Interview Questions and Answers’ on Linux Shell Scripting
• Practical Interview Questions and Answers on Linux Shell Scripting