From b9bc65478793bdfb3ea31793bc34e610d1f4d692 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: enerammer Date: Fri, 22 Nov 2024 10:40:31 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?Har=20lavet=20en=20rmd-fil=20under=20lessons,?= =?UTF-8?q?=20og=20tilf=C3=B8jet=20data=20fra=20matematik=20kurset.=20Er?= =?UTF-8?q?=20ikke=20indsat=20som=20rigtig=20lesson?= MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit --- episodes/mathematic.Rmd | 194 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 194 insertions(+) create mode 100644 episodes/mathematic.Rmd diff --git a/episodes/mathematic.Rmd b/episodes/mathematic.Rmd new file mode 100644 index 00000000..9ac509a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/episodes/mathematic.Rmd @@ -0,0 +1,194 @@ +--- +title: 'math' +teaching: 10 +exercises: 2 +--- + +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: questions + +- How can R be used to solve math problems + +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: + +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: objectives + +- + + +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: + +## Introduction + +R can be used to solve basic math problem. In the following we will look at +different math problems, and how to solve them using R and RStudio + +## Indeksopgave + +You have three indicators x1, x2 and x3 all with numbers between 1 and 10. + +Assume the value are x1 = 4; x2 = 5; x3 = 9. + +Calculate +Udregningerne for min max normaliseringen er +x1n = +4 􀀀 1 +10 􀀀 1 +x2n = +5 􀀀 1 +10 􀀀 1 +x3n = +9 􀀀 1 +10 􀀀 1 +hvor n bare symboliserer vi har normeret. +De nerer x1n, x2n; x3n som variable, sa vi kan arbejde videre med dem. +Hvis I ikke bryder jer om subscripts, er det ok bare at kalde dem a; b; c. +Det additive ikke vejede indeks kan nu udregnes ved +Indeks = +x1n + x2n + x3n +3 +hvor vi saledes har brugt de 3 variable x1n; x2n; x3n i en videre udregning. +Fa R til at udregne det indeks. +```{r} +# R som lommeregner og brug af variable ----------------------------------- + +x1 <- 4 +x2 <- 5 +x3 <- 9 + +x1n <- (x1 - 1) / (10 - 1) +x2n <- (x2 - 1) / (10 - 1) +x3n <- (x3 - 1) / (10 - 1) + +indeks <- (x1n + x2n + x3n) / 3 +``` + + +```{r} +# install.packages("Ryacas") +# install.packages("Deriv") +library(Ryacas) +library(Deriv) + + + +# Løsning af første og andengrads ligninger ------------------------------- +# 8x = 24 +# 2x + 4 = 4x - 10 +# x^2 - 3x + 2 = 0 + +yac('Solve(8 * x == 24, x)') +yac('Solve(2 *x +4 == 4 * x - 10, x)') +yac('Solve(x^2 - 3 * x + 2 ==0, x)') + + +# Funktioner og grafer ---------------------------------------------------- + +# f(x) = x^2 +# g(x) = 2x + +f = function(x){x*x} +curve(f, from=-5, to=5, xlab="x", ylab="y") +text(4, 22, "f", cex = .8) + +g = function(x){2*x} +curve(g, from=-5, to=5, xlab="x", ylab="y", add = TRUE) +text(4, 5, "g", cex = .8) + +#f(2), g(2), f(5), g(5) +f(2) +g(2) +f(5) +g(5) + + +# Differentialregning ----------------------------------------------------- + + +#funktion +#f(x) = x^2 + 10 * x - 5 +#g(x) = e^(2*x) + +f = function(x){x^2 + 10 * x - 5} +g = function(x){exp(2*x)} + +#f-mærke +f_mark <- Deriv(f, "x") +#f-dobbelt mærke +f_dob_mark <- Deriv(f_mark, "x") + +#g-mærke +g_mark <- Deriv(g, "x") +#g-dobbelt mærke +g_dob_mark <- Deriv(g_mark, "x") + +#f-mærke og 0 +f_mark(0) +f_dob_mark(0) + +g_mark(3) +g_dob_mark(3) + + +# Matrixregning ----------------------------------------------------------- +A <- matrix(c(-7, -6, 15, 12), byrow = T, nrow = 2) +x <- matrix(c(4, 2), byrow = T, nrow = 2) +B <- matrix(c(3, -1, 5, 1, 2, 7, -4, 0, 3), byrow = T, nrow = 3) +y <- matrix(c(5, 2, 9), byrow = T, nrow = 3) + +#Ax og By +A %*% x +B %*% y + +#åbneøkonomi +# x = (I - A)^-1 * y + +#bruger vektor i stedet for matrix ved matrix i en dimension +A <- matrix(c(0.3, 0.4, 0.1, 0.2, 0.2, 0.3, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4), byrow = T, nrow = 3) +y <- c(70, 60, 100) + +#enhendsmatricen - kan ikke hedde I pga. funktion der hedder I +enhedsmatrice <- diag(3) + +#inverteret matrice +solve(enhedsmatrice - A) + +#eventuelt gøre, men giver afrundingsfejl senere +round(solve(enhedsmatrice - A), digits = 1) + +solve(enhedsmatrice - A) %*% y + +#afrundet +round(solve(enhedsmatrice - A) %*% y) + + +# Integralregning --------------------------------------------------------- + +f = function(x){(x^2)} + +stats::integrate(f, upper = 1, lower = 0) + +g = function(x){x^2 + 2 * x + 4} +stats::integrate(g, upper = 2, lower = 1) + +h = function(x){x^3 - 10} +stats::integrate(h, upper = 5, lower = 3) +#integrate - funktion + + + + + + + + +``` + + + + +::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: keypoints + +- + +:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: +