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A clonal (asexual) mode of reproduction. In gynogenetic systems female produces unreduced ova (by ameiotic process or endoreduplication) that develop into all-female offspring. As opposed to parthenogenesis, gynogenesis is dependent of sperm of parental sexual lineage or related sexual species to trigger embryonic development. Sperm donors usually do not contribute genetically to the next generation as the sperm genome gets eliminated after fertilization. Thus, in contrary to parthenogenesis, gynogenetic organisms have to co-exist with a sexual species, which serve as a sperm donator. These associations are reffered to as complexes. Occasionally, the sperm nuclear and/or mitochondrial genome may be incorporated and contribute genetically to the progeny (paternal leakage), in the range from subgenomic amounts to entire sperm genome incorporation. The latter case results in an elevated ploidy level in the offspring (genome addition). Definition summarized from: Lamatsch DK, Stöck M. 2009 (https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2770-2) and Stöck M, et al. 2021 (https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0103).
ID of term
No response
Parent term
asexual (BCIO:015004; NCIT:C155696), asexuality (GSSO:000699), Reproduction, Asexual (OMIT:0013024). Other parent term should be: clonal reproduction (not yet defined in OLS)
Children term(s)
gynogen, paternal leakage
Taxon-restricted
Seems to be restricted to teleost fishes thus far. Gynogenesis occurs e.g. in Cobitis loaches, Amazon molly Poecilia formosa, Prussian carp Carassius gibelio, Carassius lansdorfii, Phoxinus eos, Poeciliopsis.
Reference
Lamatsch DK, Stöck M. 2009 Sperm-dependent parthenogenesis and hybridogenesis in teleost fishes. In Lost sex—The evolutionary biology of parthenogenesis (eds I Schön, K Martens, P. van Dijk), pp. 399–432. Heidelberg, Berlin, Germany:
Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2770-2
Stöck M, Dedukh D, Reifová R, Lamatsch DK, Starostová Z, Janko K. 2021 Sex chromosomes in meiotic, hemiclonal, clonal and polyploid hybrid vertebrates: along the ‘extended speciation continuum’. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 376: 20200103. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0103
ORCID Identifier
No response
Additional context
Related mechanism: kleptogenesis.
Code of Conduct
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The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered:
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Preferred term label
gynogenesis
Synonyms
sperm-dependent parthenogenesis or pseudogamy
Synonym type
None
Textual definition
A clonal (asexual) mode of reproduction. In gynogenetic systems female produces unreduced ova (by ameiotic process or endoreduplication) that develop into all-female offspring. As opposed to parthenogenesis, gynogenesis is dependent of sperm of parental sexual lineage or related sexual species to trigger embryonic development. Sperm donors usually do not contribute genetically to the next generation as the sperm genome gets eliminated after fertilization. Thus, in contrary to parthenogenesis, gynogenetic organisms have to co-exist with a sexual species, which serve as a sperm donator. These associations are reffered to as complexes. Occasionally, the sperm nuclear and/or mitochondrial genome may be incorporated and contribute genetically to the progeny (paternal leakage), in the range from subgenomic amounts to entire sperm genome incorporation. The latter case results in an elevated ploidy level in the offspring (genome addition). Definition summarized from: Lamatsch DK, Stöck M. 2009 (https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2770-2) and Stöck M, et al. 2021 (https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0103).
ID of term
No response
Parent term
asexual (BCIO:015004; NCIT:C155696), asexuality (GSSO:000699), Reproduction, Asexual (OMIT:0013024). Other parent term should be: clonal reproduction (not yet defined in OLS)
Children term(s)
gynogen, paternal leakage
Taxon-restricted
Seems to be restricted to teleost fishes thus far. Gynogenesis occurs e.g. in Cobitis loaches, Amazon molly Poecilia formosa, Prussian carp Carassius gibelio, Carassius lansdorfii, Phoxinus eos, Poeciliopsis.
Reference
Lamatsch DK, Stöck M. 2009 Sperm-dependent parthenogenesis and hybridogenesis in teleost fishes. In Lost sex—The evolutionary biology of parthenogenesis (eds I Schön, K Martens, P. van Dijk), pp. 399–432. Heidelberg, Berlin, Germany:
Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2770-2
Stöck M, Dedukh D, Reifová R, Lamatsch DK, Starostová Z, Janko K. 2021 Sex chromosomes in meiotic, hemiclonal, clonal and polyploid hybrid vertebrates: along the ‘extended speciation continuum’. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B 376: 20200103.
https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2020.0103
ORCID Identifier
No response
Additional context
Related mechanism: kleptogenesis.
Code of Conduct
The text was updated successfully, but these errors were encountered: