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Docker搭建Mysql多主.html
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<h1 id="Docker配置Mysql多主同步"><a href="#Docker配置Mysql多主同步" class="headerlink" title="Docker配置Mysql多主同步"></a>Docker配置Mysql多主同步</h1><h3 id="为什么需要多主？"><a href="#为什么需要多主？" class="headerlink" title="为什么需要多主？"></a>为什么需要多主？</h3><p>传统的一主多从，如果单主存在单点故障，从库切换成主库需要作改动。额如果是双主或者多主，就会增加mysql入口，增加高可用。</p>
<h3 id="双主架构的方案思路是："><a href="#双主架构的方案思路是：" class="headerlink" title="双主架构的方案思路是："></a>双主架构的方案思路是：</h3><p>1.两台mysql都可读写，互为主备，默认只使用一台（masterA）负责数据的写入，另一台（masterB）备用；</p>
<p>2.masterA是masterB的主库，masterB又是masterA的主库，它们互为主从；</p>
<p>3.两台主库之间做高可用,可以采用keepalived等方案（使用VIP对外提供服务）；</p>
<p>4.所有提供服务的从服务器与masterB进行主从同步（双主多从）;</p>
<p>5.建议采用高可用策略的时候，masterA或masterB均不因宕机恢复后而抢占VIP（非抢占模式）;</p>
<p>优点：可以在一定程度上保证主库的高可用,在一台主库down掉之后,可以在极短的时间内切换到另一台主库上（尽可能减少主库宕机对业务造成的影响），减少了主从同步给线上主库带来的压力；</p>
<p>缺点：masterB可能会一直处于空闲状态（可以用它当从库，负责部分查询）；masterB可能会一直处于空闲状态（可以用它当从库，负责部分查询）；</p>
<h3 id="具体操作："><a href="#具体操作：" class="headerlink" title="具体操作："></a>具体操作：</h3><h4 id="在宿主机中创建配置文件，方便同步到对应的-mysql-容器中的配置"><a href="#在宿主机中创建配置文件，方便同步到对应的-mysql-容器中的配置" class="headerlink" title="在宿主机中创建配置文件，方便同步到对应的 mysql 容器中的配置"></a>在宿主机中创建配置文件，方便同步到对应的 mysql 容器中的配置</h4><p>首先在家目录中创建 mysql_master_volume， 再分别创建主从配置文件:</p>
<p><img src="/images/dd.png" alt=""></p>
<p>主主配置文件:</p>
<p>mone:my.cnf</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[mysqld]</span><br><span class="line">server_id = 1#集群里的每台id都需要唯一</span><br><span class="line">log-bin= mysql-bin#开启bin-log</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">#忽略同步的表</span><br><span class="line">replicate-ignore-db=mysql</span><br><span class="line">replicate-ignore-db=sys</span><br><span class="line">replicate-ignore-db=information_schema</span><br><span class="line">replicate-ignore-db=performance_schema</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">read-only=0#关闭只读</span><br><span class="line">relay_log=mysql-relay-bin#开启中继日志</span><br><span class="line">log-slave-updates=on</span><br><span class="line">auto-increment-offset=1#自增长Id初始值</span><br><span class="line">auto-increment-increment=2#自增长数</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/</span><br><span class="line">!includedir /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p> mtwo:my.cnf</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[mysqld]</span><br><span class="line">server_id = 2</span><br><span class="line">log-bin= mysql-bin</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">replicate-ignore-db=mysql</span><br><span class="line">replicate-ignore-db=sys</span><br><span class="line">replicate-ignore-db=information_schema</span><br><span class="line">replicate-ignore-db=performance_schema</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">read-only=0</span><br><span class="line">relay_log=mysql-relay-bin</span><br><span class="line">log-slave-updates=on</span><br><span class="line">auto-increment-offset=2</span><br><span class="line">auto-increment-increment=2</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/</span><br><span class="line">!includedir /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>需要特别说明的是：多主需要考虑自增长ID问题 ，保证增长ID相互不冲突，像双主便可以考虑使用奇偶主键实现。 </p>
<h4 id="创建容器"><a href="#创建容器" class="headerlink" title="创建容器"></a>创建容器</h4><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">//mone</span><br><span class="line">docker run --name monemysql -d -p 3317:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root -v ~/mysql_master_volume/mone/data:/var/lib/mysql -v ~/mysql_master_volume/mone/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf mysql:5.7</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">//mtwo</span><br><span class="line">docker run --name mtwomysql -d -p 3318:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root -v ~/mysql_master_volume/mtwo/data:/var/lib/mysql -v ~/mysql_master_volume/mtwo/conf/my.cnf:/etc/mysql/my.cnf mysql:5.7</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>使用 <code>docker ps</code> 查看创建的容器</p>
<p><img src="/images/ee.png" alt=""></p>
<p>此时可以使用Navicat等工具测试连接mysql</p>
<p><img src="/images/cc.png" alt=""></p>
<p>通过 navicat 工具在 mone 数据库创建数据同步用户,并授予 REPLICATION SLAVE 权限</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'slave'@'%' identified by '123456';</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>通过<code>show master status;</code>查看状态，记住 File、Position的值，在 mtwo 中将用到。</p>
<p>通过 navicat 工具在 mtwo 数据库设置 mone 主库链接</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">change master to master_host='172.17.0.2',master_user='slave',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=440,master_port=3306;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>并创建一个用户来同步数据</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'slave'@'%' identified by '123456';</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>启动同步</p>
<p><code>start slave;</code></p>
<p>查看状态</p>
<p><code>show slave status;</code>命令结果中出现： Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes 以上两项都为Yes，那以上部分都没问题。</p>
<p>设置完后，再次进入 mone 数据库，设置 mtwo 主库链接</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">change master to master_host='172.17.0.3',master_user='slave',master_password='123456',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=443,master_port=3306;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>启动同步</p>
<p><code>start slave;</code></p>
<p>配置完成之后，在 mone,mtwo中分别执行 <code>show slave status</code>，如果 Slave_IO_Running 和 Slave_SQL_Running 都显示为 Yes 时，说明双主已经配置成功了！</p>
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