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Pip

Installation

For macOS, install pip using python:

python get-pip.py
NOTE Ensure python is python3, else use python3 instead of python.
  • Upgrade all installed packages via pip:
# outputs the list of installed packages
pip freeze > requirements.txt

# After this, replace "==" with ">=" in the file.

# updates all packages
pip install -r requirements.txt --upgrade

Usage

Some of the commands might be valid for Windows. So, apply your due diligence.

  • Install Package at a custom location using pip install <package> -t <directory>.
    e.g. pip install XlsxWriter -t F:\Softwares\Python\Python37\Lib

  • Install a specific version of a package: pip install xlwings==0.15.7

  • Install a min. version of a package: pip install xlwings>=0.15.7

  • Install a min. & max. version of a package: pip install "xlwings>=0.15.7,<0.16.0"

  • Upgrade an existing package: pip install <package-name> -U

  • Install list of packages at once: Steps:

    • create a file - requirements.txt
      E.g.
    dash
plotly
matplotlib
pandas
numpy
    • For Anaconda environment:
      • Open Anaconda prompt
      • type pip install -r requirements.txt and enter
      • Otherwise, type pip install -r requirements.txt and enter in the command prompt.

  • Install offline package

    • Download in -.tar.gz | -.whl format. E.g.- package.tar.gz, package.whl
    • pip install package.tar.gz (in default directory)
    • pip install package.tar.gz -t 'F:\Softwares\Python\Python37\Lib' (in preferred directory)

Troubleshooting

1. SSL Error

SSL Error: add trusted sites to pip's config file like this:

  • M-I:
pip install --trusted-host pypi.org --trusted-host files.pythonhosted.org --trusted-host pypi.python.org excalibur-py

  • M-II:

    • locate the pip.ini file using
$ pip config list -v
For variant 'global', will try loading 'C:\ProgramData\pip\pip.ini'
For variant 'user', will try loading 'C:\Users\Abhijitroy\pip\pip.ini'
For variant 'user', will try loading 'C:\Users\Abhijitroy\AppData\Roaming\pip\pip.ini'
  • create file correspondingly for global or user level and then feed this:
[global]
trusted-host = pypi.python.org
              pypi.org
              files.pythonhosted.org