prometheus_client.go

package prometheus_client

import (
	"context"
	"crypto/subtle"
	"crypto/tls"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"net"
	"net/http"
	"net/url"
	"regexp"
	"sort"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"sync"
	"time"

	"github.com/influxdata/telegraf"
	"github.com/influxdata/telegraf/internal"
	tlsint "github.com/influxdata/telegraf/internal/tls"
	"github.com/influxdata/telegraf/plugins/outputs"
	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus"
	"github.com/prometheus/client_golang/prometheus/promhttp"
)

var (
	invalidNameCharRE = regexp.MustCompile(`[^a-zA-Z0-9_:]`)
	validNameCharRE   = regexp.MustCompile(`^[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*`)
)

// SampleID uniquely identifies a Sample
type SampleID string

// Sample represents the current value of a series.
type Sample struct {
	// Labels are the Prometheus labels.
	Labels map[string]string
	// Value is the value in the Prometheus output. Only one of these will populated.
	Value          float64
	HistogramValue map[float64]uint64
	SummaryValue   map[float64]float64
	// Histograms and Summaries need a count and a sum
	Count uint64
	Sum   float64
	// Metric timestamp
	Timestamp time.Time
	// Expiration is the deadline that this Sample is valid until.
	Expiration time.Time
}

// MetricFamily contains the data required to build valid prometheus Metrics.
type MetricFamily struct {
	// Samples are the Sample belonging to this MetricFamily.
	Samples map[SampleID]*Sample
	// Need the telegraf ValueType because there isn't a Prometheus ValueType
	// representing Histogram or Summary
	TelegrafValueType telegraf.ValueType
	// LabelSet is the label counts for all Samples.
	LabelSet map[string]int
}

type PrometheusClient struct {
	Listen             string
	BasicUsername      string            `toml:"basic_username"`
	BasicPassword      string            `toml:"basic_password"`
	IPRange            []string          `toml:"ip_range"`
	ExpirationInterval internal.Duration `toml:"expiration_interval"`
	Path               string            `toml:"path"`
	CollectorsExclude  []string          `toml:"collectors_exclude"`
	StringAsLabel      bool              `toml:"string_as_label"`
	ExportTimestamp    bool              `toml:"export_timestamp"`

	tlsint.ServerConfig

	server *http.Server
	url    string

	sync.Mutex
	// fam is the non-expired MetricFamily by Prometheus metric name.
	fam map[string]*MetricFamily
	// now returns the current time.
	now func() time.Time
}

var sampleConfig = `
  ## Address to listen on
  listen = ":9273"

  ## Use HTTP Basic Authentication.
  # basic_username = "Foo"
  # basic_password = "Bar"

  ## If set, the IP Ranges which are allowed to access metrics.
  ##   ex: ip_range = ["192.168.0.0/24", "192.168.1.0/30"]
  # ip_range = []

  ## Path to publish the metrics on.
  # path = "/metrics"

  ## Expiration interval for each metric. 0 == no expiration
  # expiration_interval = "60s"

  ## Collectors to enable, valid entries are "gocollector" and "process".
  ## If unset, both are enabled.
  # collectors_exclude = ["gocollector", "process"]

  ## Send string metrics as Prometheus labels.
  ## Unless set to false all string metrics will be sent as labels.
  # string_as_label = true

  ## If set, enable TLS with the given certificate.
  # tls_cert = "/etc/ssl/telegraf.crt"
  # tls_key = "/etc/ssl/telegraf.key"

  ## Set one or more allowed client CA certificate file names to
  ## enable mutually authenticated TLS connections
  # tls_allowed_cacerts = ["/etc/telegraf/clientca.pem"]

  ## Export metric collection time.
  # export_timestamp = false
`

func (p *PrometheusClient) auth(h http.Handler) http.Handler {
	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		if p.BasicUsername != "" && p.BasicPassword != "" {
			w.Header().Set("WWW-Authenticate", `Basic realm="Restricted"`)

			username, password, ok := r.BasicAuth()
			if !ok ||
				subtle.ConstantTimeCompare([]byte(username), []byte(p.BasicUsername)) != 1 ||
				subtle.ConstantTimeCompare([]byte(password), []byte(p.BasicPassword)) != 1 {
				http.Error(w, "Not authorized", 401)
				return
			}
		}

		if len(p.IPRange) > 0 {
			matched := false
			remoteIPs, _, _ := net.SplitHostPort(r.RemoteAddr)
			remoteIP := net.ParseIP(remoteIPs)
			for _, iprange := range p.IPRange {
				_, ipNet, err := net.ParseCIDR(iprange)
				if err != nil {
					http.Error(w, "Config Error in ip_range setting", 500)
					return
				}
				if ipNet.Contains(remoteIP) {
					matched = true
					break
				}
			}
			if !matched {
				http.Error(w, "Not authorized", 401)
				return
			}
		}

		h.ServeHTTP(w, r)
	})
}

func (p *PrometheusClient) Connect() error {
	defaultCollectors := map[string]bool{
		"gocollector": true,
		"process":     true,
	}
	for _, collector := range p.CollectorsExclude {
		delete(defaultCollectors, collector)
	}

	registry := prometheus.NewRegistry()
	for collector := range defaultCollectors {
		switch collector {
		case "gocollector":
			registry.Register(prometheus.NewGoCollector())
		case "process":
			registry.Register(prometheus.NewProcessCollector(prometheus.ProcessCollectorOpts{}))
		default:
			return fmt.Errorf("unrecognized collector %s", collector)
		}
	}

	err := registry.Register(p)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	if p.Listen == "" {
		p.Listen = "localhost:9273"
	}

	if p.Path == "" {
		p.Path = "/metrics"
	}

	mux := http.NewServeMux()
	mux.Handle(p.Path, p.auth(promhttp.HandlerFor(
		registry, promhttp.HandlerOpts{ErrorHandling: promhttp.ContinueOnError})))

	tlsConfig, err := p.TLSConfig()
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}
	p.server = &http.Server{
		Addr:      p.Listen,
		Handler:   mux,
		TLSConfig: tlsConfig,
	}

	var listener net.Listener
	if tlsConfig != nil {
		listener, err = tls.Listen("tcp", p.Listen, tlsConfig)
	} else {
		listener, err = net.Listen("tcp", p.Listen)
	}
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	p.url = createURL(tlsConfig, listener, p.Path)

	go func() {
		err := p.server.Serve(listener)
		if err != nil && err != http.ErrServerClosed {
			log.Printf("E! Error creating prometheus metric endpoint, err: %s\n",
				err.Error())
		}
	}()

	return nil
}

// Address returns the address the plugin is listening on.  If not listening
// an empty string is returned.
func (p *PrometheusClient) URL() string {
	return p.url
}

func createURL(tlsConfig *tls.Config, listener net.Listener, path string) string {
	u := url.URL{
		Scheme: "http",
		Host:   listener.Addr().String(),
		Path:   path,
	}

	if tlsConfig != nil {
		u.Scheme = "https"
	}
	return u.String()
}

func (p *PrometheusClient) Close() error {
	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
	defer cancel()
	err := p.server.Shutdown(ctx)
	prometheus.Unregister(p)
	p.url = ""
	return err
}

func (p *PrometheusClient) SampleConfig() string {
	return sampleConfig
}

func (p *PrometheusClient) Description() string {
	return "Configuration for the Prometheus client to spawn"
}

// Implements prometheus.Collector
func (p *PrometheusClient) Describe(ch chan<- *prometheus.Desc) {
	prometheus.NewGauge(prometheus.GaugeOpts{Name: "Dummy", Help: "Dummy"}).Describe(ch)
}

// Expire removes Samples that have expired.
func (p *PrometheusClient) Expire() {
	now := p.now()
	for name, family := range p.fam {
		for key, sample := range family.Samples {
			if p.ExpirationInterval.Duration != 0 && now.After(sample.Expiration) {
				for k := range sample.Labels {
					family.LabelSet[k]--
				}
				delete(family.Samples, key)

				if len(family.Samples) == 0 {
					delete(p.fam, name)
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

// Collect implements prometheus.Collector
func (p *PrometheusClient) Collect(ch chan<- prometheus.Metric) {
	p.Lock()
	defer p.Unlock()

	p.Expire()

	for name, family := range p.fam {
		// Get list of all labels on MetricFamily
		var labelNames []string
		for k, v := range family.LabelSet {
			if v > 0 {
				labelNames = append(labelNames, k)
			}
		}
		desc := prometheus.NewDesc(name, "Telegraf collected metric", labelNames, nil)

		for _, sample := range family.Samples {
			// Get labels for this sample; unset labels will be set to the
			// empty string
			var labels []string
			for _, label := range labelNames {
				v := sample.Labels[label]
				labels = append(labels, v)
			}

			var metric prometheus.Metric
			var err error
			switch family.TelegrafValueType {
			case telegraf.Summary:
				metric, err = prometheus.NewConstSummary(desc, sample.Count, sample.Sum, sample.SummaryValue, labels...)
			case telegraf.Histogram:
				metric, err = prometheus.NewConstHistogram(desc, sample.Count, sample.Sum, sample.HistogramValue, labels...)
			default:
				metric, err = prometheus.NewConstMetric(desc, getPromValueType(family.TelegrafValueType), sample.Value, labels...)
			}
			if err != nil {
				log.Printf("E! Error creating prometheus metric, "+
					"key: %s, labels: %v,\nerr: %s\n",
					name, labels, err.Error())
				continue
			}

			if p.ExportTimestamp {
				metric = prometheus.NewMetricWithTimestamp(sample.Timestamp, metric)
			}
			ch <- metric
		}
	}
}

func sanitize(value string) string {
	return invalidNameCharRE.ReplaceAllString(value, "_")
}

func isValidTagName(tag string) bool {
	return validNameCharRE.MatchString(tag)
}

func getPromValueType(tt telegraf.ValueType) prometheus.ValueType {
	switch tt {
	case telegraf.Counter:
		return prometheus.CounterValue
	case telegraf.Gauge:
		return prometheus.GaugeValue
	default:
		return prometheus.UntypedValue
	}
}

// CreateSampleID creates a SampleID based on the tags of a telegraf.Metric.
func CreateSampleID(tags map[string]string) SampleID {
	pairs := make([]string, 0, len(tags))
	for k, v := range tags {
		pairs = append(pairs, fmt.Sprintf("%s=%s", k, v))
	}
	sort.Strings(pairs)
	return SampleID(strings.Join(pairs, ","))
}

func addSample(fam *MetricFamily, sample *Sample, sampleID SampleID) {

	for k := range sample.Labels {
		fam.LabelSet[k]++
	}

	fam.Samples[sampleID] = sample
}

func (p *PrometheusClient) addMetricFamily(point telegraf.Metric, sample *Sample, mname string, sampleID SampleID) {
	var fam *MetricFamily
	var ok bool
	if fam, ok = p.fam[mname]; !ok {
		fam = &MetricFamily{
			Samples:           make(map[SampleID]*Sample),
			TelegrafValueType: point.Type(),
			LabelSet:          make(map[string]int),
		}
		p.fam[mname] = fam
	}

	addSample(fam, sample, sampleID)
}

// Sorted returns a copy of the metrics in time ascending order.  A copy is
// made to avoid modifying the input metric slice since doing so is not
// allowed.
func sorted(metrics []telegraf.Metric) []telegraf.Metric {
	batch := make([]telegraf.Metric, 0, len(metrics))
	for i := len(metrics) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
		batch = append(batch, metrics[i])
	}
	sort.Slice(batch, func(i, j int) bool {
		return batch[i].Time().Before(batch[j].Time())
	})
	return batch
}

func (p *PrometheusClient) Write(metrics []telegraf.Metric) error {
	p.Lock()
	defer p.Unlock()

	now := p.now()

	for _, point := range sorted(metrics) {
		tags := point.Tags()
		sampleID := CreateSampleID(tags)

		labels := make(map[string]string)
		for k, v := range tags {
			tName := sanitize(k)
			if !isValidTagName(tName) {
				continue
			}
			labels[tName] = v
		}

		// Prometheus doesn't have a string value type, so convert string
		// fields to labels if enabled.
		if p.StringAsLabel {
			for fn, fv := range point.Fields() {
				switch fv := fv.(type) {
				case string:
					tName := sanitize(fn)
					if !isValidTagName(tName) {
						continue
					}
					labels[tName] = fv
				}
			}
		}

		switch point.Type() {
		case telegraf.Summary:
			var mname string
			var sum float64
			var count uint64
			summaryvalue := make(map[float64]float64)
			for fn, fv := range point.Fields() {
				var value float64
				switch fv := fv.(type) {
				case int64:
					value = float64(fv)
				case uint64:
					value = float64(fv)
				case float64:
					value = fv
				default:
					continue
				}

				switch fn {
				case "sum":
					sum = value
				case "count":
					count = uint64(value)
				default:
					limit, err := strconv.ParseFloat(fn, 64)
					if err == nil {
						summaryvalue[limit] = value
					}
				}
			}
			sample := &Sample{
				Labels:       labels,
				SummaryValue: summaryvalue,
				Count:        count,
				Sum:          sum,
				Timestamp:    point.Time(),
				Expiration:   now.Add(p.ExpirationInterval.Duration),
			}
			mname = sanitize(point.Name())

			if !isValidTagName(mname) {
				continue
			}

			p.addMetricFamily(point, sample, mname, sampleID)

		case telegraf.Histogram:
			var mname string
			var sum float64
			var count uint64
			histogramvalue := make(map[float64]uint64)
			for fn, fv := range point.Fields() {
				var value float64
				switch fv := fv.(type) {
				case int64:
					value = float64(fv)
				case uint64:
					value = float64(fv)
				case float64:
					value = fv
				default:
					continue
				}

				switch fn {
				case "sum":
					sum = value
				case "count":
					count = uint64(value)
				default:
					limit, err := strconv.ParseFloat(fn, 64)
					if err == nil {
						histogramvalue[limit] = uint64(value)
					}
				}
			}
			sample := &Sample{
				Labels:         labels,
				HistogramValue: histogramvalue,
				Count:          count,
				Sum:            sum,
				Timestamp:      point.Time(),
				Expiration:     now.Add(p.ExpirationInterval.Duration),
			}
			mname = sanitize(point.Name())

			if !isValidTagName(mname) {
				continue
			}

			p.addMetricFamily(point, sample, mname, sampleID)

		default:
			for fn, fv := range point.Fields() {
				// Ignore string and bool fields.
				var value float64
				switch fv := fv.(type) {
				case int64:
					value = float64(fv)
				case uint64:
					value = float64(fv)
				case float64:
					value = fv
				default:
					continue
				}

				sample := &Sample{
					Labels:     labels,
					Value:      value,
					Timestamp:  point.Time(),
					Expiration: now.Add(p.ExpirationInterval.Duration),
				}

				// Special handling of value field; supports passthrough from
				// the prometheus input.
				var mname string
				switch point.Type() {
				case telegraf.Counter:
					if fn == "counter" {
						mname = sanitize(point.Name())
					}
				case telegraf.Gauge:
					if fn == "gauge" {
						mname = sanitize(point.Name())
					}
				}
				if mname == "" {
					if fn == "value" {
						mname = sanitize(point.Name())
					} else {
						mname = sanitize(fmt.Sprintf("%s_%s", point.Name(), fn))
					}
				}
				if !isValidTagName(mname) {
					continue
				}
				p.addMetricFamily(point, sample, mname, sampleID)

			}
		}
	}
	return nil
}

func init() {
	outputs.Add("prometheus_client", func() telegraf.Output {
		return &PrometheusClient{
			ExpirationInterval: internal.Duration{Duration: time.Second * 60},
			StringAsLabel:      true,
			fam:                make(map[string]*MetricFamily),
			now:                time.Now,
		}
	})
}