diff --git a/.github/pull_request_template.md b/.github/pull_request_template.md
index 94777446..26f78d98 100644
--- a/.github/pull_request_template.md
+++ b/.github/pull_request_template.md
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 
 ## :white_check_mark: Checklist before requesting a review
 (See the contributing guide for more details on these steps.)
-- [ ] I have installed developer dependencies with `pip install -r requirements/requirements.dev.txt` and running `pre-commit install` (or alternatively, manually running `ruff format` before commiting)
+- [ ] I have installed developer dependencies with `pip install .[dev]` and running `pre-commit install` (or alternatively, manually running `ruff format` before commiting)
 
 If changing or adding source code:
 - [ ] tests are included and are passing (run `pytest`).
diff --git a/.github/workflows/docs.yml b/.github/workflows/docs.yml
index b4b88258..788adf77 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/docs.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docs.yml
@@ -14,9 +14,7 @@ jobs:
             - name: "Upgrade pip"
               run: pip install --upgrade pip
             - name: "Install dependencies"
-              run: pip install -r requirements/requirements.txt
-            - name: "Install jupyterbook"
-              run: pip install -r requirements/requirements.docs.txt
+              run: pip install .[docs]
             - name: "Run jupyterbook"
               run: jupyter-book build docs --all
             - name: "Deploy"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/publish.yml b/.github/workflows/publish.yml
index 1e725232..0526fc75 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/publish.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/publish.yml
@@ -31,11 +31,10 @@ jobs:
       - name: Install dependencies
         run: |
           python -m pip install --upgrade pip
-          pip install -U setuptools wheel twine
+          pip install -U setuptools wheel twine build
 
       - name: Build and publish
-        run: |
-          python setup.py sdist bdist_wheel
+        run: python -m build 
 
       - name: Publish distribution 📦 to PyPI
         uses: pypa/gh-action-pypi-publish@release/v1
diff --git a/.github/workflows/tests.yml b/.github/workflows/tests.yml
index c28d220b..e197f4a9 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/tests.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/tests.yml
@@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ jobs:
     - name: Install dependencies
       run: |
         python -m pip install --upgrade pip
-        pip install -r requirements/requirements.txt
-        pip install -r requirements/requirements.dev.txt
+        pip install .[dev,testing]
+        pip install tox-gh-actions
     - name: Test with tox
       run: tox
     - name: Run coveralls
diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md
index 5ecae1ed..12834172 100644
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ command to edit previous commit messages, combine multiple commits into one, or
 commits that are no longer necessary.
 
 Make sure you're using the developer dependencies.
-If you're working locally on the source code, *before* commiting, please run `pip install -r requirements/requirements.dev.txt` to install some useful dependencies just for development.
+If you're working locally on the source code, *before* commiting, please run `pip install .[dev]` to install some useful dependencies just for development.
 This includes `pre-commit` and `ruff` which are used to check and format your code style when you run `git commit`, so that you don't have to.
 
 Using pre-commit:
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ One easy way to contribute to the documentation is to provide feedback in [this
 
 Another way to contribute is to directly edit or add to the documentation and open a PR:
 * Follow all the forking instructions above
-* Install the documentation requirements: `pip install -r requirements/requirements.docs.txt`
+* Install the documentation requirements: `pip install deepsensor[docs]`
 * Option A: Editing a markdown file
   * Simply make your edits!
 * Option B: Editing a jupyter notebook file
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 55b2c5f9..2343612f 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -85,8 +85,7 @@ over the US. First, pip install the package. In this case we will use the PyTorc
 want GPU support).
 
 ```bash
-pip install deepsensor
-pip install torch
+pip install deepsensor[torch]
 ```
 
 We can go from imports to predictions with a trained model in less than 30 lines of code!
diff --git a/docs/getting-started/installation.md b/docs/getting-started/installation.md
index 5baf884a..fb947fe5 100644
--- a/docs/getting-started/installation.md
+++ b/docs/getting-started/installation.md
@@ -37,6 +37,14 @@ This method will create a `DeepSensor` directory on your machine which will cont
   ```bash
   pip install -v -e .
   ```
+
+```{note}
+If you intend on contributing to the source code of DeepSensor, install DeepSensor with its development dependencies using
+````{bash}
+pip install -v -e .[dev]
+````
+```
+
 ## Install PyTorch or TensorFlow
 
 The next step, if you intend to use any of DeepSensor's deep learning modelling functionality,
@@ -60,3 +68,11 @@ To install `pytorch` via pip:
 ```bash
 pip install torch
 ```
+
+To install DeepSensor as well as a deep learning library at the same time use:
+
+```bash
+pip install deepsensor[tf]    # for tensorflow and tensorflow_probability
+# or
+pip install deepsensor[torch] # for pytorch
+```
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/docs/requirements.txt b/docs/requirements.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 7e821e45..00000000
--- a/docs/requirements.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-jupyter-book
-matplotlib
-numpy
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 8ca07d37..94836cf8 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -1,3 +1,75 @@
+[build-system]
+requires = ["setuptools>=61"]
+build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"
+
+[project]
+name = "deepsensor"
+version = "0.4.2"
+authors = [
+    {name = "Tom R. Andersson", email="tomandersson3@gmail.com"},
+]
+description = "A Python package for modelling xarray and pandas data with neural processes."
+readme = "README.md"
+license = {text="MIT"}
+classifiers = [
+    "Programming Language :: Python :: 3",
+    "Operating System :: OS Independent"
+]
+requires-python = ">=3.8"
+dependencies = [
+    "backends",
+    "backends-matrix",
+    "dask",
+    "distributed",
+    "gcsfs",
+    "matplotlib",
+    "neuralprocesses>=0.2.7",
+    "numpy",
+    "pandas",
+    "pooch",
+    "pyshp",
+    "seaborn",
+    "tqdm",
+    "xarray",
+    "zarr"
+]
+
+[tool.setuptools]
+packages = ["deepsensor"]
+
+[project.urls]
+Source = "https://github.com/alan-turing-institute/deepsensor"
+Bug_Tracker = "https://github.com/alan-turing-institute/deepsensor/issues"
+
+[project.optional-dependencies]
+torch = ["torch>=2"]
+tf = ["tensorflow", "tensorflow_probability[tf]"]
+dev = [
+    "coveralls",
+    "parameterized",
+    "pre-commit",
+    "pytest",
+    "ruff",
+]
+docs = [
+    "jupyter-book",
+    "matplotlib",
+    "numpy",
+]
+testing = [
+    "mypy",
+    "parameterized",
+    "pytest",
+    "pytest-cov",
+    "tox",
+]
+rioxarray = [
+    "rioxarray"
+]
+
+[tool.setuptools.package-data]
+deepsensor = ["py.typed"]
+
 [tool.pytest.ini_options]
 addopts = "--cov=deepsensor"
 testpaths = [
diff --git a/requirements/requirements.dev.txt b/requirements/requirements.dev.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index c2cd7f0e..00000000
--- a/requirements/requirements.dev.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-# Additional requirements for development
-coveralls
-parameterized
-pre-commit
-pytest
-pytest-cov
-ruff
-tox
-tox-gh-actions
diff --git a/requirements/requirements.docs.txt b/requirements/requirements.docs.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 2b475c56..00000000
--- a/requirements/requirements.docs.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-jupyter-book==0.15.1
-sphinx
diff --git a/requirements/requirements.txt b/requirements/requirements.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 8d440976..00000000
--- a/requirements/requirements.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
--e .
-pandas
-xarray
-rioxarray
-numpy
-dask
-distributed
-neuralprocesses>=0.2.7
-tensorflow
-tensorflow_probability[tf]
-torch>=2
-backends-matrix
-backends
-matplotlib
-shapely
-pyshp
-seaborn
-tqdm
-jupyter
-pooch
-gcsfs
-zarr
diff --git a/setup.cfg b/setup.cfg
deleted file mode 100644
index 7f1d6ae9..00000000
--- a/setup.cfg
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,49 +0,0 @@
-[metadata]
-name = deepsensor
-version = 0.4.2
-author = Tom R. Andersson
-author_email = tomandersson3@gmail.com
-description = A Python package for modelling xarray and pandas data with neural processes.
-long_description = file: README.md
-long_description_content_type = text/markdown
-url = https://github.com/alan-turing-institute/deepsensor
-license = MIT
-license_files = LICENCE.txt
-platforms = unix, linux, osx
-
-packages =
-    deepsensor
-package_dir =
-    =deepsensor
-
-
-[options]
-packages = find:
-zip_safe = False  # https://mypy.readthedocs.io/en/latest/installed_packages.html
-include_package_data = True
-python_requires = >=3.8
-install_requires =
-    neuralprocesses>=0.2.7
-    backends-matrix
-    backends
-    numpy
-    pandas
-    xarray
-    dask
-    distributed
-    pyshp
-    tqdm
-    seaborn
-    pooch
-    gcsfs
-    zarr
-
-[options.extras_require]
-testing =
-    pytest
-    pytest-cov
-    mypy
-    tox
-
-[options.package_data]
-deepsensor = py.typed
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
deleted file mode 100644
index 7f1a1763..00000000
--- a/setup.py
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-from setuptools import setup
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    setup()
diff --git a/tox.ini b/tox.ini
index 7dd23ab7..f21f4d9f 100644
--- a/tox.ini
+++ b/tox.ini
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ python =
 setenv =
     PYTHONPATH = {toxinidir}
 deps =
-    -r{toxinidir}/requirements/requirements.txt
-    -r{toxinidir}/requirements/requirements.dev.txt
+    .[tf,torch,testing]
 commands =
     pytest --basetemp={envtmpdir}
\ No newline at end of file