diff --git a/java/adapter/jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/adapter/jdbc/ArrowVectorIterator.java b/java/adapter/jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/adapter/jdbc/ArrowVectorIterator.java
index 6c3e9cf43e758..6e789009dd20a 100644
--- a/java/adapter/jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/adapter/jdbc/ArrowVectorIterator.java
+++ b/java/adapter/jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/adapter/jdbc/ArrowVectorIterator.java
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ private void initialize(VectorSchemaRoot root) throws SQLException {
     for (int i = 1; i <= consumers.length; i++) {
       final JdbcFieldInfo columnFieldInfo = JdbcToArrowUtils.getJdbcFieldInfoForColumn(rsmd, i, config);
       ArrowType arrowType = config.getJdbcToArrowTypeConverter().apply(columnFieldInfo);
-      consumers[i - 1] = JdbcToArrowUtils.getConsumer(
+      consumers[i - 1] = config.getJdbcConsumerGetter().apply(
           arrowType, i, isColumnNullable(resultSet.getMetaData(), i, columnFieldInfo), root.getVector(i - 1), config);
     }
   }
diff --git a/java/adapter/jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/adapter/jdbc/JdbcToArrowConfig.java b/java/adapter/jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/adapter/jdbc/JdbcToArrowConfig.java
index 012cd95c0b2b6..e23bad54afc14 100644
--- a/java/adapter/jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/adapter/jdbc/JdbcToArrowConfig.java
+++ b/java/adapter/jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/adapter/jdbc/JdbcToArrowConfig.java
@@ -22,8 +22,10 @@
 import java.util.Map;
 import java.util.function.Function;
 
+import org.apache.arrow.adapter.jdbc.consumer.JdbcConsumer;
 import org.apache.arrow.memory.BufferAllocator;
 import org.apache.arrow.util.Preconditions;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.FieldVector;
 import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.pojo.ArrowType;
 
 /**
@@ -76,6 +78,7 @@ public final class JdbcToArrowConfig {
   private final int targetBatchSize;
 
   private final Function<JdbcFieldInfo, ArrowType> jdbcToArrowTypeConverter;
+  private final JdbcConsumerFactory jdbcConsumerGetter;
 
   /**
    * Constructs a new configuration from the provided allocator and calendar.  The <code>allocator</code>
@@ -195,6 +198,38 @@ public final class JdbcToArrowConfig {
       Map<String, String> schemaMetadata,
       Map<Integer, Map<String, String>> columnMetadataByColumnIndex,
       RoundingMode bigDecimalRoundingMode) {
+    this(
+        allocator,
+        calendar,
+        includeMetadata,
+        reuseVectorSchemaRoot,
+        arraySubTypesByColumnIndex,
+        arraySubTypesByColumnName,
+        targetBatchSize,
+        jdbcToArrowTypeConverter,
+        null,
+        explicitTypesByColumnIndex,
+        explicitTypesByColumnName,
+        schemaMetadata,
+        columnMetadataByColumnIndex,
+        bigDecimalRoundingMode);
+  }
+
+  JdbcToArrowConfig(
+      BufferAllocator allocator,
+      Calendar calendar,
+      boolean includeMetadata,
+      boolean reuseVectorSchemaRoot,
+      Map<Integer, JdbcFieldInfo> arraySubTypesByColumnIndex,
+      Map<String, JdbcFieldInfo> arraySubTypesByColumnName,
+      int targetBatchSize,
+      Function<JdbcFieldInfo, ArrowType> jdbcToArrowTypeConverter,
+      JdbcConsumerFactory jdbcConsumerGetter,
+      Map<Integer, JdbcFieldInfo> explicitTypesByColumnIndex,
+      Map<String, JdbcFieldInfo> explicitTypesByColumnName,
+      Map<String, String> schemaMetadata,
+      Map<Integer, Map<String, String>> columnMetadataByColumnIndex,
+      RoundingMode bigDecimalRoundingMode) {
     Preconditions.checkNotNull(allocator, "Memory allocator cannot be null");
     this.allocator = allocator;
     this.calendar = calendar;
@@ -212,6 +247,8 @@ public final class JdbcToArrowConfig {
     // set up type converter
     this.jdbcToArrowTypeConverter = jdbcToArrowTypeConverter != null ? jdbcToArrowTypeConverter :
         (jdbcFieldInfo) -> JdbcToArrowUtils.getArrowTypeFromJdbcType(jdbcFieldInfo, calendar);
+
+    this.jdbcConsumerGetter = jdbcConsumerGetter != null ? jdbcConsumerGetter : JdbcToArrowUtils::getConsumer;
   }
 
   /**
@@ -264,6 +301,13 @@ public Function<JdbcFieldInfo, ArrowType> getJdbcToArrowTypeConverter() {
     return jdbcToArrowTypeConverter;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Gets the JDBC consumer getter.
+   */
+  public JdbcConsumerFactory getJdbcConsumerGetter() {
+    return jdbcConsumerGetter;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Returns the array sub-type {@link JdbcFieldInfo} defined for the provided column index.
    *
@@ -338,4 +382,13 @@ public Map<Integer, Map<String, String>> getColumnMetadataByColumnIndex() {
   public RoundingMode getBigDecimalRoundingMode() {
     return bigDecimalRoundingMode;
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Interface for a function that gets a JDBC consumer for the given values.
+   */
+  @FunctionalInterface
+  public interface JdbcConsumerFactory {
+    JdbcConsumer apply(ArrowType arrowType, int columnIndex, boolean nullable, FieldVector vector,
+                       JdbcToArrowConfig config);
+  }
 }
diff --git a/java/adapter/jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/adapter/jdbc/JdbcToArrowConfigBuilder.java b/java/adapter/jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/adapter/jdbc/JdbcToArrowConfigBuilder.java
index 2fe0492deb71f..7d88c23832067 100644
--- a/java/adapter/jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/adapter/jdbc/JdbcToArrowConfigBuilder.java
+++ b/java/adapter/jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/adapter/jdbc/JdbcToArrowConfigBuilder.java
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@
 
 import org.apache.arrow.memory.BufferAllocator;
 import org.apache.arrow.util.Preconditions;
+import org.apache.arrow.vector.FieldVector;
 import org.apache.arrow.vector.types.pojo.ArrowType;
 
 /**
@@ -44,6 +45,7 @@ public class JdbcToArrowConfigBuilder {
   private Map<Integer, Map<String, String>> columnMetadataByColumnIndex;
   private int targetBatchSize;
   private Function<JdbcFieldInfo, ArrowType> jdbcToArrowTypeConverter;
+  private JdbcToArrowConfig.JdbcConsumerFactory jdbcConsumerGetter;
   private RoundingMode bigDecimalRoundingMode;
 
   /**
@@ -221,6 +223,18 @@ public JdbcToArrowConfigBuilder setJdbcToArrowTypeConverter(
     return this;
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Set the function used to get a JDBC consumer for a given type.
+   * <p>
+   * Defaults to wrapping {@link
+   * JdbcToArrowUtils#getConsumer(ArrowType, Integer, Boolean, FieldVector, JdbcToArrowConfig)}.
+   */
+  public JdbcToArrowConfigBuilder setJdbcConsumerGetter(
+      JdbcToArrowConfig.JdbcConsumerFactory jdbcConsumerGetter) {
+    this.jdbcConsumerGetter = jdbcConsumerGetter;
+    return this;
+  }
+
   /**
    * Set whether to use the same {@link org.apache.arrow.vector.VectorSchemaRoot} instance on each iteration,
    * or to allocate a new one.
@@ -274,6 +288,7 @@ public JdbcToArrowConfig build() {
         arraySubTypesByColumnName,
         targetBatchSize,
         jdbcToArrowTypeConverter,
+        jdbcConsumerGetter,
         explicitTypesByColumnIndex,
         explicitTypesByColumnName,
         schemaMetadata,
diff --git a/java/adapter/jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/adapter/jdbc/JdbcToArrowUtils.java b/java/adapter/jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/adapter/jdbc/JdbcToArrowUtils.java
index dc79f6efff324..f8a13b93b1ed8 100644
--- a/java/adapter/jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/adapter/jdbc/JdbcToArrowUtils.java
+++ b/java/adapter/jdbc/src/main/java/org/apache/arrow/adapter/jdbc/JdbcToArrowUtils.java
@@ -208,7 +208,7 @@ public static ArrowType getArrowTypeFromJdbcType(final JdbcFieldInfo fieldInfo,
         return new ArrowType.Struct();
       default:
         // no-op, shouldn't get here
-        return null;
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Unmapped JDBC type: " + fieldInfo.getJdbcType());
     }
   }
 
@@ -489,7 +489,7 @@ static JdbcConsumer getConsumer(ArrowType arrowType, int columnIndex, boolean nu
         return new NullConsumer((NullVector) vector);
       default:
         // no-op, shouldn't get here
-        throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("No consumer for Arrow type: " + arrowType);
     }
   }
 }
diff --git a/java/flight/flight-sql/src/test/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/sql/example/FlightSqlExample.java b/java/flight/flight-sql/src/test/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/sql/example/FlightSqlExample.java
index fe1e1445afc6e..3cc8f4a1c1bd5 100644
--- a/java/flight/flight-sql/src/test/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/sql/example/FlightSqlExample.java
+++ b/java/flight/flight-sql/src/test/java/org/apache/arrow/flight/sql/example/FlightSqlExample.java
@@ -299,9 +299,12 @@ private static boolean populateDerbyDatabase() {
   }
 
   private static ArrowType getArrowTypeFromJdbcType(final int jdbcDataType, final int precision, final int scale) {
-    final ArrowType type =
-        JdbcToArrowUtils.getArrowTypeFromJdbcType(new JdbcFieldInfo(jdbcDataType, precision, scale), DEFAULT_CALENDAR);
-    return isNull(type) ? ArrowType.Utf8.INSTANCE : type;
+    try {
+      return JdbcToArrowUtils.getArrowTypeFromJdbcType(new JdbcFieldInfo(jdbcDataType, precision, scale),
+              DEFAULT_CALENDAR);
+    } catch (UnsupportedOperationException ignored) {
+      return ArrowType.Utf8.INSTANCE;
+    }
   }
 
   private static void saveToVector(final Byte data, final UInt1Vector vector, final int index) {