diff --git a/lib/archethic/db.ex b/lib/archethic/db.ex
index d576888aa..26a5354bc 100644
--- a/lib/archethic/db.ex
+++ b/lib/archethic/db.ex
@@ -33,7 +33,8 @@ defmodule Archethic.DB do
                 order: :asc | :desc
               ]
             ) :: Enumerable.t()
-  @callback write_transaction(Transaction.t(), storage_type()) :: :ok
+  @callback write_transaction(Transaction.t(), storage_type()) ::
+              :ok | {:error, :transaction_already_exists}
   @callback write_beacon_summary(Summary.t()) :: :ok
   @callback clear_beacon_summaries() :: :ok
   @callback write_beacon_summaries_aggregate(SummaryAggregate.t()) :: :ok
diff --git a/lib/archethic/db/embedded_impl.ex b/lib/archethic/db/embedded_impl.ex
index df73748eb..114ae37a5 100644
--- a/lib/archethic/db/embedded_impl.ex
+++ b/lib/archethic/db/embedded_impl.ex
@@ -44,37 +44,31 @@ defmodule Archethic.DB.EmbeddedImpl do
   @doc """
   Write a single transaction and append it to its chain
   """
-  @spec write_transaction(Transaction.t(), DB.storage_type()) :: :ok
+  @spec write_transaction(Transaction.t(), DB.storage_type()) ::
+          :ok | {:error, :transaction_already_exists}
   def write_transaction(tx, storage_type \\ :chain)
 
   def write_transaction(tx = %Transaction{}, :chain) do
-    if ChainIndex.transaction_exists?(tx.address, filepath()) do
-      {:error, :transaction_already_exists}
-    else
-      previous_address = Transaction.previous_address(tx)
-
-      genesis_address =
-        case ChainIndex.get_tx_entry(previous_address, filepath()) do
-          {:ok, %{genesis_address: genesis_address}} ->
-            genesis_address
-
-          {:error, :not_exists} ->
-            previous_address
-        end
+    previous_address = Transaction.previous_address(tx)
+
+    genesis_address =
+      case ChainIndex.get_tx_entry(previous_address, filepath()) do
+        {:ok, %{genesis_address: genesis_address}} ->
+          genesis_address
 
-      ChainWriter.append_transaction(genesis_address, tx)
+        {:error, :not_exists} ->
+          previous_address
+      end
 
+    case ChainWriter.append_transaction(genesis_address, tx) do
       # Delete IO transaction if it exists as it is now stored as a chain
-      delete_io_transaction(tx.address)
+      :ok -> delete_io_transaction(tx.address)
+      error -> error
     end
   end
 
   def write_transaction(tx = %Transaction{}, :io) do
-    if ChainIndex.transaction_exists?(tx.address, :io, filepath()) do
-      {:error, :transaction_already_exists}
-    else
-      ChainWriter.write_io_transaction(tx, filepath())
-    end
+    ChainWriter.write_io_transaction(tx, filepath())
   end
 
   defp delete_io_transaction(address) do
diff --git a/lib/archethic/db/embedded_impl/chain_writer.ex b/lib/archethic/db/embedded_impl/chain_writer.ex
index b50d37bc4..de5888b62 100644
--- a/lib/archethic/db/embedded_impl/chain_writer.ex
+++ b/lib/archethic/db/embedded_impl/chain_writer.ex
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ defmodule Archethic.DB.EmbeddedImpl.ChainWriter do
   @doc """
   Append a transaction to a file for the given genesis address
   """
-  @spec append_transaction(binary(), Transaction.t()) :: :ok
+  @spec append_transaction(binary(), Transaction.t()) ::
+          :ok | {:error, :transaction_already_exists}
   def append_transaction(genesis_address, tx = %Transaction{}) do
     via_tuple = {:via, PartitionSupervisor, {ChainWriterSupervisor, genesis_address}}
     GenServer.call(via_tuple, {:append_tx, genesis_address, tx}, :infinity)
@@ -34,23 +35,28 @@ defmodule Archethic.DB.EmbeddedImpl.ChainWriter do
   @doc """
   write an io transaction in a file name by it's address
   """
-  @spec write_io_transaction(Transaction.t(), String.t()) :: :ok
+  @spec write_io_transaction(Transaction.t(), String.t()) ::
+          :ok | {:error, :transaction_already_exists}
   def write_io_transaction(tx = %Transaction{address: address}, db_path) do
-    start = System.monotonic_time()
+    if ChainIndex.transaction_exists?(tx.address, :io, db_path) do
+      {:error, :transaction_already_exists}
+    else
+      start = System.monotonic_time()
 
-    filename = io_path(db_path, address)
+      filename = io_path(db_path, address)
 
-    data = Encoding.encode(tx)
+      data = Encoding.encode(tx)
 
-    File.write!(
-      filename,
-      data,
-      [:exclusive, :binary]
-    )
+      File.write!(
+        filename,
+        data,
+        [:exclusive, :binary]
+      )
 
-    :telemetry.execute([:archethic, :db], %{duration: System.monotonic_time() - start}, %{
-      query: "write_io_transaction"
-    })
+      :telemetry.execute([:archethic, :db], %{duration: System.monotonic_time() - start}, %{
+        query: "write_io_transaction"
+      })
+    end
   end
 
   @doc """
@@ -140,17 +146,12 @@ defmodule Archethic.DB.EmbeddedImpl.ChainWriter do
         _from,
         state = %{db_path: db_path}
       ) do
-    write_transaction(genesis_address, tx, db_path)
-    {:reply, :ok, state}
-  end
-
-  def handle_call(
-        {:write_io_transaction, tx},
-        _from,
-        state = %{db_path: db_path}
-      ) do
-    write_io_transaction(tx, db_path)
-    {:reply, :ok, state}
+    if ChainIndex.transaction_exists?(tx.address, db_path) do
+      {:reply, {:error, :transaction_already_exists}, state}
+    else
+      write_transaction(genesis_address, tx, db_path)
+      {:reply, :ok, state}
+    end
   end
 
   defp write_transaction(genesis_address, tx, db_path) do
diff --git a/lib/archethic/replication.ex b/lib/archethic/replication.ex
index 4acace50d..7bd5db4c7 100644
--- a/lib/archethic/replication.ex
+++ b/lib/archethic/replication.ex
@@ -155,39 +155,46 @@ defmodule Archethic.Replication do
     tx
     |> stream_previous_chain(genesis_address, download_nodes)
     |> Stream.each(fn tx = %Transaction{address: address, type: type} ->
-      TransactionChain.write_transaction(tx)
-
-      # There is some case where a transaction is not replicated while it should
-      # because of some latency or network issue. So when we replicate a past chain
-      # we also ingest the transaction if we are storage node of it
-
-      ingest? =
-        Transaction.network_type?(type) or
-          Election.chain_storage_node?(address, first_node_key, download_nodes) or
-          Election.chain_storage_node?(genesis_address, first_node_key, download_nodes)
-
-      opts = Keyword.delete(ingest_opts, :resolved_addresses)
-      if ingest?, do: ingest_transaction(tx, genesis_address, opts)
+      if TransactionChain.write_transaction(tx) == :ok do
+        # There is some case where a transaction is not replicated while it should
+        # because of some latency or network issue. So when we replicate a past chain
+        # we also ingest the transaction if we are storage node of it
+
+        ingest? =
+          Transaction.network_type?(type) or
+            Election.chain_storage_node?(address, first_node_key, download_nodes) or
+            Election.chain_storage_node?(genesis_address, first_node_key, download_nodes)
+
+        opts = Keyword.delete(ingest_opts, :resolved_addresses)
+        if ingest?, do: ingest_transaction(tx, genesis_address, opts)
+      end
     end)
     |> Stream.run()
 
-    TransactionChain.write_transaction(tx)
+    case TransactionChain.write_transaction(tx) do
+      :ok ->
+        :ok = ingest_transaction(tx, genesis_address, ingest_opts)
 
-    :ok = ingest_transaction(tx, genesis_address, ingest_opts)
+        Logger.info("Replication finished",
+          transaction_address: Base.encode16(address),
+          transaction_type: type
+        )
 
-    Logger.info("Replication finished",
-      transaction_address: Base.encode16(address),
-      transaction_type: type
-    )
+        PubSub.notify_new_transaction(address, type, timestamp)
 
-    PubSub.notify_new_transaction(address, type, timestamp)
+        :telemetry.execute(
+          [:archethic, :replication, :full_write],
+          %{
+            duration: System.monotonic_time() - start_time
+          }
+        )
 
-    :telemetry.execute(
-      [:archethic, :replication, :full_write],
-      %{
-        duration: System.monotonic_time() - start_time
-      }
-    )
+      error ->
+        Logger.debug("Replication chain aborted (#{inspect(error)})",
+          transaction_address: Base.encode16(address),
+          transaction_type: type
+        )
+    end
 
     :ok
   end
@@ -285,15 +292,25 @@ defmodule Archethic.Replication do
         opts \\ []
       )
       when is_list(opts) do
-    :ok = TransactionChain.write_transaction(tx, :io)
-    ingest_transaction(tx, genesis_address, Keyword.put(opts, :io_transaction?, true))
+    case TransactionChain.write_transaction(tx, :io) do
+      :ok ->
+        ingest_transaction(tx, genesis_address, Keyword.put(opts, :io_transaction?, true))
 
-    Logger.info("Replication finished",
-      transaction_address: Base.encode16(address),
-      transaction_type: type
-    )
+        Logger.info("Replication finished",
+          transaction_address: Base.encode16(address),
+          transaction_type: type
+        )
+
+        PubSub.notify_new_transaction(address, type, timestamp)
+
+      error ->
+        Logger.debug("Replication IO aborted (#{inspect(error)})",
+          transaction_address: Base.encode16(address),
+          transaction_type: type
+        )
+    end
 
-    PubSub.notify_new_transaction(address, type, timestamp)
+    # TODO: Should not ingest if write_transaction failed
   end
 
   defp fetch_context(tx = %Transaction{}) do
diff --git a/lib/archethic/transaction_chain.ex b/lib/archethic/transaction_chain.ex
index b8fdfcf31..b5fc3b905 100644
--- a/lib/archethic/transaction_chain.ex
+++ b/lib/archethic/transaction_chain.ex
@@ -1055,7 +1055,7 @@ defmodule Archethic.TransactionChain do
   Persist only one transaction
   """
   @spec write_transaction(transaction :: Transaction.t(), storage_location :: DB.storage_type()) ::
-          :ok
+          :ok | {:error, :transaction_already_exist}
   def write_transaction(
         tx = %Transaction{
           address: address,
@@ -1064,12 +1064,14 @@ defmodule Archethic.TransactionChain do
         storage_type \\ :chain
       ) do
     DB.write_transaction(tx, storage_type)
-    KOLedger.remove_transaction(address)
+    |> tap(fn _ ->
+      KOLedger.remove_transaction(address)
 
-    Logger.info("Transaction stored",
-      transaction_address: Base.encode16(address),
-      transaction_type: type
-    )
+      Logger.info("Transaction stored",
+        transaction_address: Base.encode16(address),
+        transaction_type: type
+      )
+    end)
   end
 
   @doc """
diff --git a/test/archethic/db/embedded_impl_test.exs b/test/archethic/db/embedded_impl_test.exs
index e46cf2eb7..ef23bef29 100644
--- a/test/archethic/db/embedded_impl_test.exs
+++ b/test/archethic/db/embedded_impl_test.exs
@@ -107,6 +107,20 @@ defmodule Archethic.DB.EmbeddedTest do
       assert File.exists?(filename_chain)
       assert !File.exists?(filename_io)
     end
+
+    test "should return an error when transaction already exists in chain storage" do
+      tx1 = TransactionFactory.create_valid_transaction()
+      assert :ok == EmbeddedImpl.write_transaction(tx1)
+
+      assert {:error, :transaction_already_exists} == EmbeddedImpl.write_transaction(tx1)
+    end
+
+    test "should return an error when transaction already exists in io storage" do
+      tx1 = TransactionFactory.create_valid_transaction()
+      assert :ok == EmbeddedImpl.write_transaction(tx1, :io)
+
+      assert {:error, :transaction_already_exists} == EmbeddedImpl.write_transaction(tx1, :io)
+    end
   end
 
   describe "transaction_exists?/2" do