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Virtual Display Driver

based on Microsoft Indirect Display Driver Sample. This creates a virtual display in Windows that acts and functions just like a real one. It's useful for streaming, virtual reality applications, recording, headless servers, etc. The benefit over a physical display is the ability to adjust resolutions and refresh rates beyond the physical displays capabilities. For example, this would enable the ability to stream a game from your home PC using game streaming software at 240hz at 8K while owning a 60hz 1080p monitor (unrealistic, but explains the abilities well). For servers without displays, this enabled remote desktop and screen streaming to other systems as if there were a display installed.

Supports emulating resolutions from 640 x 480 to 7680 x 4320 (8K), and refresh rates including 60hz, 75hz, 90hz, 120hz, 144hz, 165hz, 240hz, 480hz, and 500hz.

This project uses the official Windows Indirect Display Driver combined with the IddCx class extension driver.

Download

Installation

  1. Download the latest version from the releases page, and extract the contents to a folder.
  2. Copy option.txt to C:\IddSampleDriver\option.txt before installing the driver (important!).
  3. Right click and run the *.bat file as an Administrator to add the driver certificate as a trusted root certificate.
  4. Don't install the inf. Open device manager, click on any device, then click on the "Action" menu and click "Add Legacy Hardware".
  5. Select "Add hardware from a list (Advanced)" and then select Display adapters
  6. Click "Have Disk..." and click the "Browse..." button. Navigate to the extracted files and select the inf file.
  7. You are done! Go to display settings to customize the resolution of the additional displays. These displays show up in Sunshine, your Oculus or VR settings, and should be able to be streamed from.
  8. You can enable/disable the display adapter to toggle the monitors.

HDR Support Now Available for Windows 11 22H2+

Resolutions:

640 x 480
800 x 600
1024 x 768
1152 x 864
1280 x 720
1280 x 768
1280 x 800
1280 x 960
1280 x 1024
1360 x 768
1366 x 768
1440 x 900
1400 x 1050
1440 x 1440
1600 x 900
1600 x 1024
1680 x 1050
1920 x 1080
1920 x 1200
2560 x 1440
2560 x 1600
2732 x 2048
2880 x 1620
2880 x 1800
3008 x 1692
3840 x 2160
3840 x 2400
4096 x 2304
5120 x 2880
6016 x 3384
7680 x 4320

Just Added!

2732 x 2048
2560 x 1080
2880 x 1200
3440 x 1440
3840 x 1600
4320 x 1800
5120 x 2160
5760 x 2400
6880 x 2880
7680 x 3200
8640 x 3600
10240 x 432
2880 x 900
3840 x 1080
3840 x 1200
4320 x 1200
5120 x 1440
5120 x 1600
5760 x 1600
5760 x 1800
6400 x 1800
6480 x 1800
7680 x 2160
7680 x 2400
8640 x 2400
2388 x 1668
2400 x 1080
3456 x 2234
3456 x 2234

Refresh Rates:

30Hz
60Hz
75Hz
90Hz (Great for VR!)
120Hz
144Hz
165Hz
240Hz
480Hz
500Hz

Videos

thumbnail2023

Previous Video: How to install a virtual display

Screenshots:

image

image

image

Background reading

Start at the Indirect Display Driver Model Overview on MSDN.

Code structure

The sample driver code is very simplistic and does nothing more than enumerate a single monitor when its device enters the D0/started power state. The IDD runs in Session 0 without any components running in the user session, so any driver instability will not affect the stability of the system as a whole. The IDD is a user-mode only model with no support for kernel-mode components. As such, the driver is able to use any DirectX APIs in order to process the desktop image. In fact, the IddCx provides the desktop image to encode in a DirectX surface.

  • Direct3DDevice class
    • Contains logic for enumerating the correct render GPU from DXGI and creating a D3D device.
    • Manages the lifetime of a DXGI factory and a D3D device created for the render GPU the system is using to render frames for your indirect display device's swap-chain.
  • SwapChainProcessor class
    • Processes frames for a swap-chain assigned to the monitor object on a dedicated thread.
    • The sample code does nothing with the frames, but demonstrates a correct processing loop with error handling and notifying the OS of frame completion.
  • IndirectDeviceContext class
    • Processes device callbacks from IddCx.
    • Manages the creation and arrival of the sample monitor.
    • Handles swap-chain arrival and departure by creating a Direct3DDevice and handing it off to a SwapChainProcessor.

License

MIT and CC0 or Public Domain (for changes I made, please consult Microsoft for their license), choose the least restrictive option.

Disclaimer:

This software is provided "AS IS" with NO IMPLICIT OR EXPLICIT warranty. It's worth noting that while this software functioned without issues on my system, there is no guarantee that it will not impact your computer. It operates in User Mode, which reduces the likelihood of causing system instability, such as the Blue Screen of Death. However, exercise caution when using this software.

Acknowledgements

Shoutout to Roshkins for the original repo: https://github.com/roshkins/IddSampleDriver

Shoutout to Baloukj for being the first to push the new Microsoft Driver public. https://github.com/baloukj/IddSampleDriver

Shoutout to Anakngtokwa for assisting with finding driver sources.

Microsoft Indirect Display Driver/Sample (Driver code): https://github.com/microsoft/Windows-driver-samples/tree/master/video/IndirectDisplay

Thanks to https://github.com/akatrevorjay/edid-generator for the hi-res EDID.

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