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This file describes several ways to install (and optionally build) the Pharos static binary analysis framework tools.

Pre-built Docker Images (Easiest)

The easiest way to get started with Pharos is to use our pre-built Docker images.

The first step is to download the image:

$ docker pull seipharos/pharos

To start an interactive session in which the host directory /dir is mapped to /dir inside your container, run the following command:

$ docker run --rm -it -v /dir:/dir seipharos/pharos

The pharos tools will be installed in /usr/local/bin.

Building the Docker Image (Easy)

You can also build your own Docker image with:

$ docker build --build-arg NCPU=4 -t seipharos/pharos .

where 4 is the number of cores you wish to use for building. Using more than one processor consumes more RAM. For small numbers of CPUs (1-4) you should probably have 4GiB of RAM per CPU. For larger numbers of CPUs (>16) about 1Gib of RAM per CPU should be sufficient.

You can then run the container using the same docker run command as above.

Build Script (Medium)

You can also use our Docker build script to build Pharos outside of Docker. This is only supported on the latest version of Ubuntu.

First, install prerequisite packages:

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install build-essential wget flex ghostscript bzip2 \
  git subversion automake libtool bison python3 libncurses-dev \
  vim-common sqlite3 libsqlite3-0 libsqlite3-dev zlib1g-dev cmake \
  libyaml-cpp-dev libboost-all-dev libboost-dev libxml2-dev ninja-build

Then install all dependencies by running:

./scripts/build_prereqs.bash

And finally run the script:

NCPU=4 ./scripts/build.bash

Set NCPU to the number of cores you wish to use for building. You should probably use 1 unless you have a lot of RAM.

Note that the build script must be able to run sudo without being prompted for a password.

Manually Building from Source (Hard)

We have tested several configurations, but have not extensively tested different build configurations.

  • RedHat Enterprise Linux 7, GCC 8.3.1, Boost 1.61
  • RedHat Enterprise Linux 7, GCC 6.3.1, Boost 1.61
  • Ubuntu 19.04, GCC 8.3.0, Boost 1.67
  • Ubuntu 19.04, GCC 9.1.0, Boost 1.67
  • OpenSUSE Leap 15.1/Tumbleweed, GCC 8.3.1, Boost 1.69

Pharos requires C++14 support, so you'll need a compiler that's new enough. If you have an older compiler that doesn't support C++14 by default, you may be able to add "--std=c++14" options in some places.

If you attempt to build Pharos (successfully or not) we'd like to hear about your experiences, and may be able to help with various build issues.

Dependencies

In addition to the general build dependencies listed earlier, several other important dependencies must be built or installed, including:

  • Boost
  • yaml-cpp
  • SQLite
  • Z3
  • ROSE
  • SWI Prolog

Boost

We build with Boost version 1.64 currently, but we do not believe that either ROSE or Pharos is particularly sensitive which version of Boost is used. It is important to ensure that this Boost distribution is the same Boost distribution used to build ROSE.

You should be able to use the standard operating system packages under most circumstances.

$ sudo yum install boost boost-devel
-- or --
$ sudo apt install libboost-dev libboost-all-dev
-- or --
$ sudo zypper install boost-devel

We typically build with the following Boost components: system, thread, program_options, iostreams, filesystem, regex, wave, chrono, date_time, atomic, and serialization. It may be easier to just build and install all components.

It is also important for Boost to be built with zlib support for boost::iostreams to function properly, so ensure that zlib is installed properly, including development headers.

You can build Boost using these commands:

$ mkdir boost
$ cd boost
$ wget https://boostorg.jfrog.io/artifactory/main/release/1.64.0/source/boost_1_64_0.tar.bz2
$ tar -xjvf boost_1_64_0.tar.bz2
$ cd boost_1_64_0
$ ./bootstrap.sh --prefix=/usr/local
$ ./b2 clean
$ ./b2 -j4 toolset=gcc install

The latest versions of Boost can interact poorly the FindBoost.cmake module because the cmake module has specific versions hard-coded into it, but this is not a difficult fix (remove the upper version bound). We require CMake version 3.5, so if your distribution is really old you might update CMake first. CMake version 3.5 supports Boost version 1.61, and if your Boost version is newer, you'll need to update CMake or patch patch it by hand.

Addendum: CMake has not been keeping up with Boost. Instead Boost ships its own cmake files. Pharos's cmake configuration has been change to try to find those and prefer their usage.

yaml-cpp

You can try installing the standard operating system distribution:

$ sudo yum install yaml-cpp yaml-cpp-devel
--or--
$ sudo apt install libyaml-cpp0.6 libyaml-cpp-dev
--or--
$ sudo zypper install yaml-cpp-devel

We're usually building off a fairly current git checkout of the yaml-cpp repository. We build yaml-cpp using commands like these:

$ git clone https://github.com/jbeder/yaml-cpp.git yaml
$ mkdir yaml/build
$ cd yaml/build
$ cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=true ..
$ make -j4
$ make -j4 install

SQLite

We recommend fulfilling the SQLite requirement by installing your standard operating system distribution of SQLite. Note that on most distributions, you must the executable is package separately from the library; both must be installed, as the examples below.

$ sudo yum install sqlite sqlite-devel
-- or --
$ sudo apt install sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev
-- or --
$ sudo zypper install sqlite3 sqlite3-devel

Z3

The Z3 package is an SMT solver that can be optionally compiled into ROSE. Z3 is used primarily in the binary analysis component to answer questions about symbolic expression equivalence. Some of the pharos tools require Z3 to work. Z3 is under active development, and some commits have broken compatibility with our code from time to time. The latest release version of Z3 (4.8.7) has passed our testing.

We build Z3 using commands like these:

$ git clone -b z3-4.8.7 https://github.com/Z3Prover/z3.git
$ cd z3
$ mkdir build
$ cd build
$ cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..
$ make -j4
$ sudo make -j4 install

ROSE

ROSE is probably the most difficult package to build. We track the current commit on the development version of ROSE on GitHub more or less daily, but our own updates to GitHub are less frequent. At the time of this release, ROSE master is a couple of months behind rose-develop, so be sure to fetch the "development" version of ROSE.

You can obtain the latest version of ROSE from:

$ git clone -b develop https://github.com/rose-compiler/rose rose
$ cd rose

This version has a reasonable chance of working or only having minor issues. If you want to be conservative and use a version of ROSE that was known to compile with the latest major commit to the Pharos repository, you can checkout ROSE version v0.11.145.18, which is also the earliest version of ROSE that should be able to compile and pass tests:

$ git checkout v0.11.145.18

ROSE can be configured in a multitude of ways, and some attention to the configuration parameters in your environment is recommended. We build ROSE like this:

$ mkdir release
$ cd release
$ cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local \
  -Denable-binary-analysis=yes -Denable-c=no \
  -Denable-java=no -Denable-fortran=no \
  -Ddisable-tutorial-directory=yes -Ddisable-tests-directory=yes ..

Enabling binary analysis is very important. Disabling C, Java and Fortran eliminate a dependency on a binary EDG file that must be downloaded from the Internet, but these options can be removed without impacting the Pharos build. Disabling the tutorials and tests are optional, and suggested simply to reduce the build time.

To actually begin the build use:

$ make -j4

ROSE can consume a fair amount of RAM and CPU power during the build, and we recommend that you NOT use a virtual machine with limited RAM or old hardware. Be patient and go have lunch. :-)

To install ROSE, run:

$ sudo make -j4 install

SWI Prolog

SWI Prolog is the backbone of OOAnalyzer's reasoning system. The Pharos build system currently depends on version 8.2.0 or greater. SWI Prolog version 8.3.19 or later fixes a bug in Prolog that can be triggered by ooanalyzer in some rare cases. See #156 for more details.

These commands will build and install version 8.5.12 to $SWIPL_LOCATION:

$ git clone --recursive -b V8.5.12 --depth 1 https://github.com/swi-prolog/swipl-devel
$ cd swipl-devel
$ mkdir build
$ cd build
$ cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -DINSTALL_DOCUMENTATION=off ..
$ make
$ sudo make install

Building Pharos

If all of the dependencies have been built and properly installed, building Pharos should be pretty easy. We use the standard CMake build approach listed below.

Similar to NCPU above, change make -j4 to make -j1 unless you have a lot of RAM.

$ cd pharos
$ mkdir build
$ cd build
$ cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..
$ make -j4

If you want to run tests to ensure that your configuration has been properly and is producing results identical to ours, you can run tests with the following command from the build directory:

$ make tests
$ ctest -j4

Installing Pharos

Installing should also be easy. Simply type:

$ sudo make install

The software installs into /usr/local by default, but can be configured with CMake in the usual way.