git init - Initialize git in the current folder
git add <file-name-1> <file-name-2>...<file-name-N> (separated by whitespace) - Add files to the staging area
git add . - Add files to the staging area
git commit <Commit-message> - Commit the files from the staging area to repository and opens a text editor to enter the commit message. NOTE: if you want to enter a detailed message about the commit then First line is the Summary of the commit message, leave a blank line below it and then in the next line write the details about the commit.
git commit -m <Commit message> - Commit the files from the staging area to the repository with a message, also the flag "-m" will not open a text editor and directly commits
git branch - list all the branches, also highlights the current branch
git branch <new-branch-name> - creates a new branch at the head
git branch <new-branch-name> <branch-name OR commit-name> - creates a new branch at the listed branch or the commit
git checkout <branch-name> - moves head to the selected branch
git checkout -b <new-branch-name> = "-b" flag is used here with checkout here, creates a new branch and move the head to the new branch
git branch -d <branch-name> - deletes the listed branch - make sure that you are currently not in the branch you're deleting
git log - list the commits
git log --stat - shows more information about the commits
git log --oneline - shows the information about the commits in a single line including SHA and the commit message
git log --oneline --decorate --graph --all - this will list all the commits in all the branches, this is also show a graph about the branches and the commits in each branch
git show - shows detailed information about the latest commit
git merge <branch-name> - merges the listed branch into the current branch. NOTE: If a merge conflicts arises, edit the file and keep the changes you want, add it staging area and make a commit like any regular commit.
git pull <remote> - updates the branch that tracks the remote branch and merge the incoming changes
git fetch <remote> - updates the branch that tracks the remote branch but it will not merge the incoming changes to the local branch. It can be seen as safe git pull.
git fetch --all or git pull --all - updates all the branches that track the remote branches but it will not merge the incoming changes to the local branch.