diff --git a/src/rp-schematron-base.sch b/src/rp-schematron-base.sch
index 843f6a2b16..8f2a3a667e 100644
--- a/src/rp-schematron-base.sch
+++ b/src/rp-schematron-base.sch
@@ -619,7 +619,7 @@
         id="book-ref-pub-name-1">This book reference (<value-of select="if (ancestor::ref/@id) then concat('id ',ancestor::ref/@id) else 'no id'"/>) has a publisher-name with italics and no chapter-title element. Have all the details been captured correctly?</report>
        
        <report test="descendant::article-title" 
-        role="warning" 
+        role="error" 
         id="book-ref-article-title">This book reference (<value-of select="if (ancestor::ref/@id) then concat('id ',ancestor::ref/@id) else 'no id'"/>) has a descendant article-title. This cannot be correct. It should either be a source or chapter-title (or something else entirely).</report>
      </rule>
       
diff --git a/src/rp-schematron.sch b/src/rp-schematron.sch
index 346fa4f998..c597c244b3 100644
--- a/src/rp-schematron.sch
+++ b/src/rp-schematron.sch
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@
        
        <report test="not(chapter-title) and publisher-name[italic]" role="warning" id="book-ref-pub-name-1">[book-ref-pub-name-1] This book reference (<value-of select="if (ancestor::ref/@id) then concat('id ',ancestor::ref/@id) else 'no id'"/>) has a publisher-name with italics and no chapter-title element. Have all the details been captured correctly?</report>
        
-       <report test="descendant::article-title" role="warning" id="book-ref-article-title">[book-ref-article-title] This book reference (<value-of select="if (ancestor::ref/@id) then concat('id ',ancestor::ref/@id) else 'no id'"/>) has a descendant article-title. This cannot be correct. It should either be a source or chapter-title (or something else entirely).</report>
+       <report test="descendant::article-title" role="error" id="book-ref-article-title">[book-ref-article-title] This book reference (<value-of select="if (ancestor::ref/@id) then concat('id ',ancestor::ref/@id) else 'no id'"/>) has a descendant article-title. This cannot be correct. It should either be a source or chapter-title (or something else entirely).</report>
      </rule></pattern><pattern id="book-ref-source-checks-pattern"><rule context="mixed-citation[@publication-type='book']/source" id="book-ref-source-checks">
         
         <report test="matches(lower-case(.),'^chapter\s|\s+chapter\s+')" role="warning" id="book-source-1">[book-source-1] The source in book reference (<value-of select="if (ancestor::ref/@id) then concat('id ',ancestor::ref/@id) else 'no id'"/>) contains 'chapter' - <value-of select="."/>. Are the details captured correctly?</report>
diff --git a/src/rp-schematron.xsl b/src/rp-schematron.xsl
index a0c951a6d4..38ce7da3ba 100644
--- a/src/rp-schematron.xsl
+++ b/src/rp-schematron.xsl
@@ -3018,11 +3018,11 @@
                <xsl:text/>) has a publisher-name with italics and no chapter-title element. Have all the details been captured correctly?</svrl:text>
          </svrl:successful-report>
       </xsl:if>
-      <!--REPORT warning-->
+      <!--REPORT error-->
       <xsl:if test="descendant::article-title">
          <svrl:successful-report xmlns:svrl="http://purl.oclc.org/dsdl/svrl" test="descendant::article-title">
             <xsl:attribute name="id">book-ref-article-title</xsl:attribute>
-            <xsl:attribute name="role">warning</xsl:attribute>
+            <xsl:attribute name="role">error</xsl:attribute>
             <xsl:attribute name="location">
                <xsl:apply-templates select="." mode="schematron-select-full-path"/>
             </xsl:attribute>
diff --git a/test/tests/rp/book-ref-checks/book-ref-article-title/book-ref-article-title.sch b/test/tests/rp/book-ref-checks/book-ref-article-title/book-ref-article-title.sch
index ea458936e8..e0e65b0744 100644
--- a/test/tests/rp/book-ref-checks/book-ref-article-title/book-ref-article-title.sch
+++ b/test/tests/rp/book-ref-checks/book-ref-article-title/book-ref-article-title.sch
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@
   </xsl:function>
   <pattern id="book-ref-checks-pattern">
     <rule context="mixed-citation[@publication-type='book']" id="book-ref-checks">
-      <report test="descendant::article-title" role="warning" id="book-ref-article-title">[book-ref-article-title] This book reference (<value-of select="if (ancestor::ref/@id) then concat('id ',ancestor::ref/@id) else 'no id'"/>) has a descendant article-title. This cannot be correct. It should either be a source or chapter-title (or something else entirely).</report>
+      <report test="descendant::article-title" role="error" id="book-ref-article-title">[book-ref-article-title] This book reference (<value-of select="if (ancestor::ref/@id) then concat('id ',ancestor::ref/@id) else 'no id'"/>) has a descendant article-title. This cannot be correct. It should either be a source or chapter-title (or something else entirely).</report>
     </rule>
   </pattern>
   <pattern id="root-pattern">
diff --git a/test/tests/rp/book-ref-checks/book-ref-article-title/fail.xml b/test/tests/rp/book-ref-checks/book-ref-article-title/fail.xml
index 3deac7a73d..be0b474862 100644
--- a/test/tests/rp/book-ref-checks/book-ref-article-title/fail.xml
+++ b/test/tests/rp/book-ref-checks/book-ref-article-title/fail.xml
@@ -2,4 +2,13 @@
 <!--Context: mixed-citation[@publication-type='book']
 Test: report    descendant::article-title
 Message: This book reference () has a descendant article-title. This cannot be correct. It should either be a source or chapter-title (or something else entirely). -->
-<root xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><article/></root>
\ No newline at end of file
+<root xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
+    <article>
+        <mixed-citation publication-type="book">
+            <person-group person-group-type="author"><string-name><surname>Feyerabend</surname> <given-names>P</given-names></string-name></person-group>
+            (<year>1975</year>)
+            <article-title>Against method</article-title>
+            <publisher-name>New Left Books</publisher-name>
+        </mixed-citation>
+    </article>
+</root>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/tests/rp/book-ref-checks/book-ref-article-title/pass.xml b/test/tests/rp/book-ref-checks/book-ref-article-title/pass.xml
index 3deac7a73d..0846ed4218 100644
--- a/test/tests/rp/book-ref-checks/book-ref-article-title/pass.xml
+++ b/test/tests/rp/book-ref-checks/book-ref-article-title/pass.xml
@@ -2,4 +2,13 @@
 <!--Context: mixed-citation[@publication-type='book']
 Test: report    descendant::article-title
 Message: This book reference () has a descendant article-title. This cannot be correct. It should either be a source or chapter-title (or something else entirely). -->
-<root xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><article/></root>
\ No newline at end of file
+<root xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
+    <article>
+        <mixed-citation publication-type="book">
+            <person-group person-group-type="author"><string-name><surname>Feyerabend</surname> <given-names>P</given-names></string-name></person-group>
+            (<year>1975</year>)
+            <source>Against method</source>
+            <publisher-name>New Left Books</publisher-name>
+        </mixed-citation>
+    </article>
+</root>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test/xspec/rp-schematron.sch b/test/xspec/rp-schematron.sch
index 6ed77eb16c..db45a7bfb1 100644
--- a/test/xspec/rp-schematron.sch
+++ b/test/xspec/rp-schematron.sch
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@
        
        <report test="not(chapter-title) and publisher-name[italic]" role="warning" id="book-ref-pub-name-1">This book reference (<value-of select="if (ancestor::ref/@id) then concat('id ',ancestor::ref/@id) else 'no id'"/>) has a publisher-name with italics and no chapter-title element. Have all the details been captured correctly?</report>
        
-       <report test="descendant::article-title" role="warning" id="book-ref-article-title">This book reference (<value-of select="if (ancestor::ref/@id) then concat('id ',ancestor::ref/@id) else 'no id'"/>) has a descendant article-title. This cannot be correct. It should either be a source or chapter-title (or something else entirely).</report>
+       <report test="descendant::article-title" role="error" id="book-ref-article-title">This book reference (<value-of select="if (ancestor::ref/@id) then concat('id ',ancestor::ref/@id) else 'no id'"/>) has a descendant article-title. This cannot be correct. It should either be a source or chapter-title (or something else entirely).</report>
      </rule>
   </pattern>
   <pattern id="book-ref-source-checks-pattern">
diff --git a/test/xspec/rp-schematron.xspec b/test/xspec/rp-schematron.xspec
index 400038f534..113f530ca7 100644
--- a/test/xspec/rp-schematron.xspec
+++ b/test/xspec/rp-schematron.xspec
@@ -931,12 +931,12 @@
       </x:scenario>
       <x:scenario label="book-ref-article-title-pass">
         <x:context href="../tests/rp/book-ref-checks/book-ref-article-title/pass.xml"/>
-        <x:expect-not-report id="book-ref-article-title" role="warning"/>
+        <x:expect-not-report id="book-ref-article-title" role="error"/>
         <x:expect-not-assert id="book-ref-checks-xspec-assert" role="error"/>
       </x:scenario>
       <x:scenario label="book-ref-article-title-fail">
         <x:context href="../tests/rp/book-ref-checks/book-ref-article-title/fail.xml"/>
-        <x:expect-report id="book-ref-article-title" role="warning"/>
+        <x:expect-report id="book-ref-article-title" role="error"/>
         <x:expect-not-assert id="book-ref-checks-xspec-assert" role="error"/>
       </x:scenario>
     </x:scenario>