diff --git a/crypto/src/batch_transcript.rs b/crypto/src/batch_transcript.rs
index 93acb58..5f2842b 100644
--- a/crypto/src/batch_transcript.rs
+++ b/crypto/src/batch_transcript.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use crate::{
     signature::{identity::Identity, ContributionTypedData, EcdsaSignature},
-    BatchContribution, CeremoniesError, Engine, Transcript,
+    BatchContribution, CeremoniesError, CeremonyError, Engine, Transcript,
 };
 use rayon::prelude::*;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ use tracing::instrument;
 #[serde(deny_unknown_fields, rename_all = "camelCase")]
 pub struct BatchTranscript {
     pub transcripts:                  Vec<Transcript>,
+    // TODO: Turn into one vector of structs
     pub participant_ids:              Vec<Identity>,
     pub participant_ecdsa_signatures: Vec<EcdsaSignature>,
 }
@@ -35,6 +36,32 @@ impl BatchTranscript {
         self.participant_ids.len() - 1
     }
 
+    /// Verify that the batch transcript is valid.
+    pub fn validate(&self) -> Result<(), CeremoniesError> {
+        if self.participant_ids.len() != self.participant_ecdsa_signatures.len() {
+            return Err(CeremoniesError::InconsistentNumParticipants(
+                self.participant_ids.len(),
+                self.participant_ecdsa_signatures.len(),
+            ));
+        }
+        for (i, transcript) in self.transcripts.iter().enumerate() {
+            transcript
+                .validate()
+                .map_err(|e| CeremoniesError::InvalidCeremony(i, e))?;
+            if transcript.num_participants() != self.num_participants() {
+                return Err(CeremoniesError::InvalidCeremony(
+                    i,
+                    CeremonyError::UnexpectedNumParticipants(
+                        self.num_participants(),
+                        transcript.num_participants(),
+                    ),
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+        // TODO: Verify signatures
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
     /// Creates the start of a new batch contribution.
     #[must_use]
     pub fn contribution(&self) -> BatchContribution {
diff --git a/crypto/src/error.rs b/crypto/src/error.rs
index e293fe1..829ba00 100644
--- a/crypto/src/error.rs
+++ b/crypto/src/error.rs
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ pub trait ErrorCode {
 pub enum CeremoniesError {
     #[error("Unexpected number of contributions: expected {0}, got {1}")]
     UnexpectedNumContributions(usize, usize),
+    #[error("Inconsistent number of participants: {0} identities and {1} signatures")]
+    InconsistentNumParticipants(usize, usize),
     #[error("Error in contribution {0}: {1}")]
     InvalidCeremony(usize, #[source] CeremonyError),
 }
@@ -25,6 +27,8 @@ impl ErrorCode for CeremoniesError {
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Debug, Error, IntoStaticStr)]
 pub enum CeremonyError {
+    #[error("Unexpected number of participants: expected {0}, got {1}")]
+    UnexpectedNumParticipants(usize, usize),
     #[error("Unsupported number of G1 powers: {0}")]
     UnsupportedNumG1Powers(usize),
     #[error("Unsupported number of G2 powers: {0}")]
@@ -80,7 +84,9 @@ pub enum CeremonyError {
     #[error("Contribution contains no entropy: pubkey equals generator")]
     ContributionNoEntropy,
     #[error("Mismatch in witness length: {0} products and {1} pubkeys")]
-    WitnessLengthMismatch(usize, usize),
+    WitnessPubkeyLengthMismatch(usize, usize),
+    #[error("Mismatch in witness length: {0} products and {1} signatures")]
+    WitnessSignatureLengthMismatch(usize, usize),
 }
 
 impl ErrorCode for CeremonyError {
diff --git a/crypto/src/transcript.rs b/crypto/src/transcript.rs
index fa3b2c7..7f42e40 100644
--- a/crypto/src/transcript.rs
+++ b/crypto/src/transcript.rs
@@ -57,6 +57,25 @@ impl Transcript {
         self.num_participants() > 0
     }
 
+    /// Verify that the transcript is valid.
+    pub fn validate(&self) -> Result<(), CeremonyError> {
+        if self.witness.products.len() != self.witness.pubkeys.len() {
+            return Err(CeremonyError::WitnessPubkeyLengthMismatch(
+                self.witness.products.len(),
+                self.witness.pubkeys.len(),
+            ));
+        }
+        if self.witness.products.len() != self.witness.signatures.len() {
+            return Err(CeremonyError::WitnessSignatureLengthMismatch(
+                self.witness.products.len(),
+                self.witness.signatures.len(),
+            ));
+        }
+        // TODO: Verify pairing checks.
+        // TODO: Verify signature.
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
     /// Creates the start of a new contribution.
     #[must_use]
     pub fn contribution(&self) -> Contribution {
diff --git a/src/io.rs b/src/io.rs
index 053791f..9180c08 100644
--- a/src/io.rs
+++ b/src/io.rs
@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ pub async fn read_or_create_transcript(
         info!(?path, "Opening transcript file");
         let transcript = read_json_file::<BatchTranscript>(path).await;
         ceremony_sizes.validate_batch_transcript(&transcript)?;
+        transcript.validate()?;
         Ok(Arc::new(RwLock::new(transcript)))
     } else {
         warn!(?path, "No transcript found, creating new transcript file");