hello.py

# How to run this program:
# In terminal, run $python3 hello.py

import functools, os
import datetime

print("Hello world!")

txt = "Viel Glück!"
print("Before encoding, txt: ", txt)
print("After encoding with UTF-8, x: ", txt.encode())  # without specifiying encoding scheme, UTF-8 is used

print("After encoding with ascii, x: ", txt.encode(encoding="ascii",errors="namereplace"))

# for _ in range(10):
#     print("Hello world!")

s = 'django'
print(s[0])
print(s[-1])
print(s[:4])
print(s[1:4])
print(s[4:])

var = {'k1':[{'nest_key':['this is deep',['hello']]}]}
# [] means a list, {} means a dict,
# so there is list inside the dict and inside list and inside dict. ^ ^
print("printing out var from nested dict: ", var['k1'][0]['nest_key'][1])

print("Program finished!")


def add(a, b):
    return a * b


print(functools.reduce(add, [1, 2, 3]))


print(__file__)  # this prints out the absolute path of this current file on this machine.
print(os.path.abspath(__file__))


def main():
    print("Hello World!")
    file_content = "72324970,abc,def\n72324990,ghi,123\n"
    lines = file_content.splitlines()
    for i, line in enumerate(lines):
        print('line[{}] = {}'.format(i, line))

    # below three lines show the difference of a timestamp and a human readable date and how to get them in Python
    now = datetime.datetime.now()
    print("now.strftime(\"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S\") is: {}".format(now.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")))
    print("now.timestamp() is: {}".format(int(now.timestamp())))


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()