diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index abc34c3..19cd3ef 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -39,17 +39,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "async-trait"
-version = "0.1.79"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a507401cad91ec6a857ed5513a2073c82a9b9048762b885bb98655b306964681"
-dependencies = [
- "proc-macro2",
- "quote",
- "syn",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "autocfg"
 version = "1.2.0"
@@ -758,7 +747,6 @@ dependencies = [
 name = "reqwest-enum"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
- "async-trait",
  "futures",
  "reqwest",
  "serde",
diff --git a/examples/ethereum-rpc/src/main.rs b/examples/ethereum-rpc/src/main.rs
index aa3276a..4cfe74e 100644
--- a/examples/ethereum-rpc/src/main.rs
+++ b/examples/ethereum-rpc/src/main.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 extern crate reqwest_enum;
 use ethereum_rpc::EthereumRPC;
 use reqwest_enum::jsonrpc::JsonRpcResult;
-use reqwest_enum::provider::{JsonRpcProviderType, JsonRpcProviderType2, Provider};
+use reqwest_enum::provider::{JsonRpcProviderType, Provider};
 
 #[tokio::main]
 async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
diff --git a/reqwest-enum/Cargo.toml b/reqwest-enum/Cargo.toml
index 2909cc6..5a4952f 100644
--- a/reqwest-enum/Cargo.toml
+++ b/reqwest-enum/Cargo.toml
@@ -19,5 +19,4 @@ jsonrpc = ["dep:futures"]
 reqwest = { workspace = true }
 serde = { workspace = true }
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
-async-trait = { workspace = true }
 futures = { workspace = true, optional = true }
diff --git a/reqwest-enum/src/provider.rs b/reqwest-enum/src/provider.rs
index 59daec6..ecad371 100644
--- a/reqwest-enum/src/provider.rs
+++ b/reqwest-enum/src/provider.rs
@@ -1,39 +1,38 @@
 #[cfg(feature = "jsonrpc")]
 use crate::jsonrpc::{JsonRpcError, JsonRpcRequest, JsonRpcResult, JsonRpcTarget};
+#[cfg(feature = "jsonrpc")]
+use futures::future::join_all;
+
 use crate::{
     http::{HTTPBody, HTTPResponse},
     target::Target,
 };
-
-use async_trait::async_trait;
+use core::future::Future;
 use reqwest::{Client, Error};
 use serde::de::DeserializeOwned;
 
-#[async_trait]
-pub trait ProviderType<T: Target> {
+pub trait ProviderType<T: Target>: Send {
     /// request to target and return http response
-    async fn request(&self, target: T) -> Result<HTTPResponse, Error>;
+    fn request(&self, target: T) -> impl Future<Output = Result<HTTPResponse, Error>>;
 }
 
-#[async_trait]
 pub trait JsonProviderType<T: Target>: ProviderType<T> {
     /// request and deserialize response to json using serde
-    async fn request_json<U: DeserializeOwned>(&self, target: T) -> Result<U, Error>;
+    fn request_json<U: DeserializeOwned>(
+        &self,
+        target: T,
+    ) -> impl Future<Output = Result<U, Error>>;
 }
 
 #[cfg(feature = "jsonrpc")]
-#[async_trait]
+
 pub trait JsonRpcProviderType<T: Target>: ProviderType<T> {
     /// batch isomorphic JSON-RPC requests
-    async fn batch<U: DeserializeOwned>(
+    fn batch<U: DeserializeOwned>(
         &self,
         targets: Vec<T>,
-    ) -> Result<Vec<JsonRpcResult<U>>, JsonRpcError>;
-}
+    ) -> impl Future<Output = Result<Vec<JsonRpcResult<U>>, JsonRpcError>>;
 
-use core::future::Future;
-use futures::future::join_all;
-pub trait JsonRpcProviderType2<T: Target>: ProviderType<T> {
     fn batch_chunk_by<U: DeserializeOwned>(
         &self,
         targets: Vec<T>,
@@ -48,7 +47,6 @@ pub struct Provider<T: Target> {
     client: Client,
 }
 
-#[async_trait]
 impl<T> ProviderType<T> for Provider<T>
 where
     T: Target + Send,
@@ -60,7 +58,6 @@ where
     }
 }
 
-#[async_trait]
 impl<T> JsonProviderType<T> for Provider<T>
 where
     T: Target + Send,
@@ -73,7 +70,6 @@ where
 }
 
 #[cfg(feature = "jsonrpc")]
-#[async_trait]
 impl<T> JsonRpcProviderType<T> for Provider<T>
 where
     T: JsonRpcTarget + Send,
@@ -102,12 +98,7 @@ where
         let body = response.json::<Vec<JsonRpcResult<U>>>().await?;
         Ok(body)
     }
-}
 
-impl<T> JsonRpcProviderType2<T> for Provider<T>
-where
-    T: JsonRpcTarget + Send,
-{
     async fn batch_chunk_by<U: DeserializeOwned>(
         &self,
         targets: Vec<T>,