diff --git a/.github/workflows/coveralls.yml b/.github/workflows/coveralls.yml
index e39f56b..d7f0de3 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/coveralls.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/coveralls.yml
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ jobs:
     name: GNU GCC 9 and run coveralls
     
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         submodules: true
     - name: Build easy
diff --git a/.github/workflows/linux.yml b/.github/workflows/linux.yml
index 63a6ecc..813225f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/linux.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/linux.yml
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ jobs:
     name: GNU GCC 9
     
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         submodules: true
     - name: Build mockturtle
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ jobs:
     name: GNU GCC 10
     
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         submodules: true
     - name: Build mockturtle
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ jobs:
     name: GNU GCC 12
     
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         submodules: true
     - name: Build mockturtle
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ jobs:
     name: Clang 11
     
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         submodules: true
     - name: Build mockturtle
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ jobs:
     name: Clang 13
     
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         submodules: true
     - name: Build mockturtle
diff --git a/.github/workflows/macos.yml b/.github/workflows/macos.yml
index 2c16858..87a37b9 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/macos.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/macos.yml
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: macOS-11
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         submodules: true
     - name: Build
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: macOS-latest
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         submodules: true
     - name: Build easy
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: macOS-latest
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         submodules: true
     - name: Build easy
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: macOS-latest
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         submodules: true
     - name: Build easy
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: macOS-latest
 
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       with:
         submodules: true
     - name: Build easy
diff --git a/.github/workflows/windows.yml b/.github/workflows/windows.yml
index 8ec3dce..0b629c7 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/windows.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/windows.yml
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ${{matrix.os}}
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v1
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
         with:
           submodules: true
       - name: Create build directory
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 5fc42cc..4118bdf 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 [![License: MIT](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-yellow.svg)](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
 
 # easy
-
+ 
 <img src="https://cdn.rawgit.com/hriener/easy/master/easy.svg" width="64" height="64" align="left" style="margin-right: 12pt" />
 easy is a C++ library for verification and synthesis of exclusive-or sum-of-product (ESOP) forms.
 
diff --git a/include/easy/esop/helliwell.hpp b/include/easy/esop/helliwell.hpp
index 0e4b33a..6fbf507 100644
--- a/include/easy/esop/helliwell.hpp
+++ b/include/easy/esop/helliwell.hpp
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ namespace detail
 
 inline int32_t get_lowest_set_bit( int32_t num )
 {
-#if WIN32
+#if defined(WIN32)
   uint32_t mask = 1;
   for ( int32_t counter = 1; counter <= 32; counter++, mask <<= 1 )
   {
diff --git a/lib/bill/bill/include/bill/sat/incremental_totalizer_cardinality.hpp b/lib/bill/bill/include/bill/sat/incremental_totalizer_cardinality.hpp
index d0e742b..008f360 100644
--- a/lib/bill/bill/include/bill/sat/incremental_totalizer_cardinality.hpp
+++ b/lib/bill/bill/include/bill/sat/incremental_totalizer_cardinality.hpp
@@ -34,20 +34,20 @@ inline void create_totalizer_internal(Solver& solver, std::vector<std::vector<li
 	/* i = 0 */
 	uint32_t kmin = std::min(rhs, uint32_t(bv.size()));
 	for (auto j = 0u; j < kmin; ++j) {
-		dest.emplace_back(std::vector{~bv[j], ov[j]});
+		dest.emplace_back(std::vector<lit_type>{~bv[j], ov[j]});
 	}
 
 	/* j = 0 */
 	kmin = std::min(rhs, uint32_t(av.size()));
 	for (auto i = 0u; i < kmin; ++i) {
-		dest.emplace_back(std::vector{~av[i], ov[i]});
+		dest.emplace_back(std::vector<lit_type>{~av[i], ov[i]});
 	}
 
 	/* i, j > 0 */
 	for (auto i = 1u; i <= kmin; ++i) {
 		auto const min_j = std::min(rhs - i, uint32_t(bv.size()));
 		for (auto j = 1u; j <= min_j; ++j) {
-			dest.emplace_back(std::vector{~av[i - 1], ~bv[j - 1], ov[i + j - 1]});
+			dest.emplace_back(std::vector<lit_type>{~av[i - 1], ~bv[j - 1], ov[i + j - 1]});
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -66,13 +66,13 @@ inline void increase_totalizer_internal(Solver& solver, std::vector<std::vector<
 	/* i = 0 */
 	uint32_t const max_j = std::min(rhs, uint32_t(bv.size()));
 	for (auto j = last; j < max_j; ++j) {
-		dest.emplace_back(std::vector{~bv[j], ov[j]});
+		dest.emplace_back(std::vector<lit_type>{~bv[j], ov[j]});
 	}
 
 	/* j = 0 */
 	uint32_t const max_i = std::min(rhs, uint32_t(av.size()));
 	for (auto i = last; i < max_i; ++i) {
-		dest.emplace_back(std::vector{~av[i], ov[i]});
+		dest.emplace_back(std::vector<lit_type>{~av[i], ov[i]});
 	}
 
 	/* i, j > 0 */
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ inline void increase_totalizer_internal(Solver& solver, std::vector<std::vector<
 		auto const max_j = std::min(rhs - i, uint32_t(bv.size()));
 		auto const min_j = uint32_t(std::max(int(last) - int(i) + 1, 1));
 		for (auto j = min_j; j <= max_j; ++j) {
-			dest.emplace_back(std::vector{~av[i - 1], ~bv[j - 1], ov[i + j - 1]});
+			dest.emplace_back(std::vector<lit_type>{~av[i - 1], ~bv[j - 1], ov[i + j - 1]});
 		}
 	}
 }
diff --git a/lib/bill/bill/include/bill/sat/tseytin.hpp b/lib/bill/bill/include/bill/sat/tseytin.hpp
index c94d229..e805c95 100644
--- a/lib/bill/bill/include/bill/sat/tseytin.hpp
+++ b/lib/bill/bill/include/bill/sat/tseytin.hpp
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ template<typename Solver>
 lit_type add_tseytin_and(Solver& solver, lit_type const& a, lit_type const& b)
 {
 	auto const r = solver.add_variable();
-	solver.add_clause(std::vector{~a, ~b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive)});
-	solver.add_clause(std::vector{a, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::negative)});
-	solver.add_clause(std::vector{b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::negative)});
+	solver.add_clause(std::vector<lit_type>{~a, ~b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive)});
+	solver.add_clause(std::vector<lit_type>{a, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::negative)});
+	solver.add_clause(std::vector<lit_type>{b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::negative)});
 	return lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive);
 }
 
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ lit_type add_tseytin_and(Solver& solver, std::vector<lit_type> const& ls)
 	cls.emplace_back(lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive));
 	solver.add_clause(cls);
 	for (const auto& l : ls)
-		solver.add_clause(std::vector{l, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::negative)});
+		solver.add_clause(std::vector<lit_type>{l, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::negative)});
 	return lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive);
 }
 
@@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ template<typename Solver>
 lit_type add_tseytin_or(Solver& solver, lit_type const& a, lit_type const& b)
 {
 	auto const r = solver.add_variable();
-	solver.add_clause(std::vector{a, b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::negative)});
-	solver.add_clause(std::vector{~a, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive)});
-	solver.add_clause(std::vector{~b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive)});
+	solver.add_clause(std::vector<lit_type>{a, b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::negative)});
+	solver.add_clause(std::vector<lit_type>{~a, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive)});
+	solver.add_clause(std::vector<lit_type>{~b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive)});
 	return lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive);
 }
 
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ lit_type add_tseytin_or(Solver& solver, std::vector<lit_type> const& ls)
 	cls.emplace_back(lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::negative));
 	solver.add_clause(cls);
 	for (const auto& l : ls)
-		solver.add_clause(std::vector{~l, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive)});
+		solver.add_clause(std::vector<lit_type>{~l, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive)});
 	return lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive);
 }
 
@@ -92,10 +92,10 @@ template<typename Solver>
 lit_type add_tseytin_xor(Solver& solver, lit_type const& a, lit_type const& b)
 {
 	auto const r = solver.add_variable();
-	solver.add_clause(std::vector{~a, ~b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::negative)});
-	solver.add_clause(std::vector{~a, b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive)});
-	solver.add_clause(std::vector{a, ~b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive)});
-	solver.add_clause(std::vector{a, b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::negative)});
+	solver.add_clause(std::vector<lit_type>{~a, ~b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::negative)});
+	solver.add_clause(std::vector<lit_type>{~a, b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive)});
+	solver.add_clause(std::vector<lit_type>{a, ~b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive)});
+	solver.add_clause(std::vector<lit_type>{a, b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::negative)});
 	return lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive);
 }
 
@@ -110,10 +110,10 @@ template<typename Solver>
 lit_type add_tseytin_equals(Solver& solver, lit_type const& a, lit_type const& b)
 {
 	auto const r = solver.add_variable();
-	solver.add_clause(std::vector{~a, ~b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive)});
-	solver.add_clause(std::vector{~a, b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::negative)});
-	solver.add_clause(std::vector{a, ~b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::negative)});
-	solver.add_clause(std::vector{a, b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive)});
+	solver.add_clause(std::vector<lit_type>{~a, ~b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive)});
+	solver.add_clause(std::vector<lit_type>{~a, b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::negative)});
+	solver.add_clause(std::vector<lit_type>{a, ~b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::negative)});
+	solver.add_clause(std::vector<lit_type>{a, b, lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive)});
 	return lit_type(r, lit_type::polarities::positive);
 }