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logging介绍Python的logging模块提供了通用的日志系统，可以方便第三方模块或者是应用使用。这个模块提供不同的日志级别，并可以采用不同的方式记录日志，比如文件，HTTP GET">
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<meta property="og:description" content="python自带的记录日志模块 logging 非常强大，但是每次写程序都要写很多东西来配置使用，体验不怎么友好，花时间封装在一个文件里面，用的时候直接调用，并且提供配置接口保留其强大的功能还是非常有必要的。
logging介绍Python的logging模块提供了通用的日志系统，可以方便第三方模块或者是应用使用。这个模块提供不同的日志级别，并可以采用不同的方式记录日志，比如文件，HTTP GET">
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logging介绍Python的logging模块提供了通用的日志系统，可以方便第三方模块或者是应用使用。这个模块提供不同的日志级别，并可以采用不同的方式记录日志，比如文件，HTTP GET">
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Python logging 模块封装
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<p>python自带的记录日志模块 <a href="https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html#module-logging" target="_blank" rel="external">logging</a> 非常强大，但是每次写程序都要写很多东西来配置使用，体验不怎么友好，花时间封装在一个文件里面，用的时候直接调用，并且提供配置接口保留其强大的功能还是非常有必要的。</p>
<h2 id="logging介绍">logging介绍</h2><p>Python的logging模块提供了通用的日志系统，可以方便第三方模块或者是应用使用。这个模块提供不同的日志级别，并可以采用不同的方式记录日志，比如文件，HTTP GET/POST，SMTP，Socket等，甚至可以自己实现具体的日志记录方式。</p>
<p>logging模块与log4j的机制是一样的，只是具体的实现细节不同。模块提供logger，handler，filter，formatter。</p>
<ul>
<li>logger：提供日志接口，供应用代码使用。</li>
<li>handler：将日志记录（log record）发送到合适的目的地（destination），比如文件，socket，cmd等。一个logger对象可以通过addHandler方法添加0到多个handler，每个handler又可以定义不同日志级别，以实现日志分级过滤显示。每个handler还可以单独设置自己的formatter格式。</li>
<li>filter：提供一种优雅的方式决定一个日志记录是否发送到handler。</li>
<li>formatter：指定日志记录输出的具体格式。</li>
</ul>
<p>与log4j类似，logger，handler和日志消息的调用可以有具体的日志级别（Level），只有在日志消息的级别大于logger和handler的级别才会呈现。</p>
<p>默认的日志级别设置为<code>WARNING</code>（日志级别等级<code>CRITICAL</code> > <code>ERROR</code> > <code>WARNING</code> > <code>INFO</code> > <code>DEBUG</code> > <code>NOTSET</code>）, 小于WARNING级别的日志都不输出, 大于等于WARNING级别的日志都会输出。<br><a id="more"></a><br>更多可以自己搜索一下。</p>
<h2 id="封装成log-py">封装成log.py</h2><p>源码在github上有：<a href="https://github.com/huangming/python_log" target="_blank" rel="external">python_log</a></p>
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class="string">"Development"</span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line">__all__ = [<span class="string">'set_logger'</span>, <span class="string">'debug'</span>, <span class="string">'info'</span>, <span class="string">'warning'</span>, <span class="string">'error'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'critical'</span>, <span class="string">'exception'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> os</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> sys</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> traceback</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> logging</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> logging.handlers</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">ColoredFormatter</span><span class="params">(logging.Formatter)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'''A colorful formatter.'''</span></span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__init__</span><span class="params">(self, fmt = None, datefmt = None)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> logging.Formatter.__init__(self, fmt, datefmt)</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">format</span><span class="params">(self, record)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># Color escape string</span></span><br><span class="line"> COLOR_RED=<span class="string">'\033[1;31m'</span></span><br><span class="line"> COLOR_GREEN=<span class="string">'\033[1;32m'</span></span><br><span class="line"> COLOR_YELLOW=<span class="string">'\033[1;33m'</span></span><br><span class="line"> COLOR_BLUE=<span class="string">'\033[1;34m'</span></span><br><span class="line"> COLOR_PURPLE=<span class="string">'\033[1;35m'</span></span><br><span class="line"> COLOR_CYAN=<span class="string">'\033[1;36m'</span></span><br><span class="line"> COLOR_GRAY=<span class="string">'\033[1;37m'</span></span><br><span class="line"> COLOR_WHITE=<span class="string">'\033[1;38m'</span></span><br><span class="line"> COLOR_RESET=<span class="string">'\033[1;0m'</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># Define log color</span></span><br><span class="line"> LOG_COLORS = {</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'DEBUG'</span>: <span class="string">'%s'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'INFO'</span>: COLOR_GREEN + <span class="string">'%s'</span> + COLOR_RESET,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'WARNING'</span>: COLOR_YELLOW + <span class="string">'%s'</span> + COLOR_RESET,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'ERROR'</span>: COLOR_RED + <span class="string">'%s'</span> + COLOR_RESET,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'CRITICAL'</span>: COLOR_RED + <span class="string">'%s'</span> + COLOR_RESET,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'EXCEPTION'</span>: COLOR_RED + <span class="string">'%s'</span> + COLOR_RESET,</span><br><span class="line"> }</span><br><span class="line"> level_name = record.levelname</span><br><span class="line"> msg = logging.Formatter.format(self, record)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> LOG_COLORS.get(level_name, <span class="string">'%s'</span>) % msg</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Log</span><span class="params">()</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__init__</span><span class="params">(self, filename = None, mode = <span class="string">'a'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> cmdlevel=<span class="string">'DEBUG'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> filelevel=<span class="string">'INFO'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> cmdfmt = <span class="string">'[%(asctime)s] %(filename)s line:%(lineno)d %(levelname)-8s%(message)s'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> filefmt = <span class="string">'[%(asctime)s] %(levelname)-8s%(message)s'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> cmddatefmt = <span class="string">'%H:%M:%S'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> filedatefmt = <span class="string">'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> backup_count = <span class="number">0</span>, limit = <span class="number">20480</span>, when = None, colorful = False)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.filename = filename</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> self.filename <span class="keyword">is</span> <span class="keyword">None</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> self.filename = getattr(sys.modules[<span class="string">'__main__'</span>], <span class="string">'__file__'</span>, <span class="string">'log.py'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> self.filename = os.path.basename(self.filename.replace(<span class="string">'.py'</span>, <span class="string">'.log'</span>))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment">#self.filename = os.path.join('/tmp', self.filename)</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.mode = mode</span><br><span class="line"> self.cmdlevel = cmdlevel</span><br><span class="line"> self.filelevel = filelevel</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> isinstance(self.cmdlevel, str):</span><br><span class="line"> self.cmdlevel = getattr(logging, self.cmdlevel.upper(), logging.DEBUG)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> isinstance(self.filelevel, str):</span><br><span class="line"> self.filelevel = getattr(logging, self.filelevel.upper(), logging.DEBUG)</span><br><span class="line"> self.filefmt = filefmt</span><br><span class="line"> self.cmdfmt = cmdfmt</span><br><span class="line"> self.filedatefmt = filedatefmt</span><br><span class="line"> self.cmddatefmt = cmddatefmt</span><br><span class="line"> self.backup_count = backup_count</span><br><span class="line"> self.limit = limit</span><br><span class="line"> self.when = when</span><br><span class="line"> self.colorful = colorful</span><br><span class="line"> self.logger = <span class="keyword">None</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.streamhandler = <span class="keyword">None</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.filehandler = <span class="keyword">None</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> self.cmdlevel > <span class="number">10</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> self.filefmt = <span class="string">'[%(asctime)s] %(levelname)-8s%(message)s'</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.cmdfmt = <span class="string">'[%(asctime)s] %(levelname)-8s%(message)s'</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.cmddatefmt = <span class="string">'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.set_logger(cmdlevel = self.cmdlevel)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">init_logger</span><span class="params">(self)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'''Reload the logger.'''</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> self.logger <span class="keyword">is</span> <span class="keyword">None</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> self.logger = logging.getLogger()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> logging.shutdown()</span><br><span class="line"> self.logger.handlers = []</span><br><span class="line"> self.streamhandler = <span class="keyword">None</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.filehandler = <span class="keyword">None</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">add_streamhandler</span><span class="params">(self)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'''Add a stream handler to the logger.'''</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.streamhandler = logging.StreamHandler()</span><br><span class="line"> self.streamhandler.setLevel(self.cmdlevel)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> self.colorful:</span><br><span class="line"> formatter = ColoredFormatter(self.cmdfmt, self.cmddatefmt)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> formatter = logging.Formatter(self.cmdfmt, self.cmddatefmt,)</span><br><span class="line"> self.streamhandler.setFormatter(formatter)</span><br><span class="line"> self.logger.addHandler(self.streamhandler)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">add_filehandler</span><span class="params">(self)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'''Add a file handler to the logger.'''</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># Choose the filehandler based on the passed arguments</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> self.backup_count == <span class="number">0</span>: <span class="comment"># Use FileHandler</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.filehandler = logging.FileHandler(self.filename, self.mode)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">elif</span> self.when <span class="keyword">is</span> <span class="keyword">None</span>: <span class="comment"># Use RotatingFileHandler</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.filehandler = logging.handlers.RotatingFileHandler(self.filename,</span><br><span class="line"> self.mode, self.limit, self.backup_count)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>: <span class="comment"># Use TimedRotatingFileHandler</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.filehandler = logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler(self.filename,</span><br><span class="line"> self.when, <span class="number">1</span>, self.backup_count)</span><br><span class="line"> self.filehandler.setLevel(self.filelevel)</span><br><span class="line"> formatter = logging.Formatter(self.filefmt, self.filedatefmt,)</span><br><span class="line"> self.filehandler.setFormatter(formatter)</span><br><span class="line"> self.logger.addHandler(self.filehandler)</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">set_logger</span><span class="params">(self, **kwargs)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'''Configure the logger.'''</span></span><br><span class="line"> keys = [<span class="string">'mode'</span>,<span class="string">'cmdlevel'</span>,<span class="string">'filelevel'</span>,<span class="string">'filefmt'</span>,<span class="string">'cmdfmt'</span>,\</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'filedatefmt'</span>,<span class="string">'cmddatefmt'</span>,<span class="string">'backup_count'</span>,<span class="string">'limit'</span>,\</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'when'</span>,<span class="string">'colorful'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> (key, value) <span class="keyword">in</span> kwargs.items():</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> (key <span class="keyword">in</span> keys):</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">False</span></span><br><span class="line"> setattr(self, key, value)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> isinstance(self.cmdlevel, str):</span><br><span class="line"> self.cmdlevel = getattr(logging, self.cmdlevel.upper(), logging.DEBUG)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> isinstance(self.filelevel, str):</span><br><span class="line"> self.filelevel = getattr(logging, self.filelevel.upper(), logging.DEBUG)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="keyword">not</span> <span class="string">"cmdfmt"</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> kwargs:</span><br><span class="line"> self.filefmt=<span class="string">'[%(asctime)s] %(filename)s line:%(lineno)d %(levelname)-8s%(message)s'</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.filedatefmt = <span class="string">'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.cmdfmt=<span class="string">'[%(asctime)s] %(filename)s line:%(lineno)d %(levelname)-8s%(message)s'</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.cmddatefmt = <span class="string">'%H:%M:%S'</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> self.cmdlevel > <span class="number">10</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> self.filefmt = <span class="string">'[%(asctime)s] %(levelname)-8s%(message)s'</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.cmdfmt = <span class="string">'[%(asctime)s] %(levelname)-8s%(message)s'</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.cmddatefmt = <span class="string">'%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.init_logger()</span><br><span class="line"> self.add_streamhandler()</span><br><span class="line"> self.add_filehandler()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># Import the common log functions for convenient</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.import_log_funcs()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">True</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">import_log_funcs</span><span class="params">(self)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'''Import the common log functions from the logger to the class'''</span></span><br><span class="line"> log_funcs = [<span class="string">'debug'</span>, <span class="string">'info'</span>, <span class="string">'warning'</span>, <span class="string">'error'</span>, <span class="string">'critical'</span>,</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'exception'</span>]</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> func_name <span class="keyword">in</span> log_funcs:</span><br><span class="line"> func = getattr(self.logger, func_name)</span><br><span class="line"> setattr(self, func_name, func)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">trace</span><span class="params">(self)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> info = sys.exc_info()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">for</span> file, lineno, function, text <span class="keyword">in</span> traceback.extract_tb(info[<span class="number">2</span>]):</span><br><span class="line"> self.error(<span class="string">'%s line:%s in %s:%s'</span> % (file, lineno, function, text))</span><br><span class="line"> self.error(<span class="string">'%s: %s'</span> % info[:<span class="number">2</span>])</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> __name__ == <span class="string">'__main__'</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> log = Log(cmdlevel=<span class="string">'info'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># log = Log(cmdlevel='debug')</span></span><br><span class="line"> log.set_logger(cmdlevel=<span class="string">'debug'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> log.debug(<span class="string">'debug'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> log.info(<span class="string">'debug%s'</span> % <span class="string">'haha'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> log.error((<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="number">2</span>))</span><br><span class="line"> log.error(<span class="string">'debug'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> log.info({<span class="string">'a'</span>:<span class="number">1</span>,<span class="string">'b'</span>:<span class="number">2</span>})</span><br><span class="line"> os.system(<span class="string">"pause"</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">A</span><span class="params">()</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__init__</span><span class="params">(self, log)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.log = log</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">a</span><span class="params">(self,a)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.log.info(a)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">B</span><span class="params">()</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__init__</span><span class="params">(self, log)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.log = log</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">b</span><span class="params">(self,a)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.log.info(a)</span><br><span class="line"> a = A(log)</span><br><span class="line"> a.a(<span class="string">"test a"</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> b = B(log)</span><br><span class="line"> b.b(<span class="number">5</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">fun</span><span class="params">(a)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">10</span>/a</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> a = fun(<span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">except</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> log.trace()</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="例子">例子</h2><p>用的时候把log.py丢到工程目录然后import进来初始化一个Log对象即可。</p>
<p>如果全部使用默认配置（具体值请看Log类的init函数）：<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># tmp.py</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> log</span><br><span class="line">log = log.Log()</span><br><span class="line">log.debug(<span class="string">'hello, world'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">log.info(<span class="string">'hello, world'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">log.error(<span class="string">'hello, world'</span>)</span><br><span class="line">log.critical(<span class="string">'hello, world'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>得到结果：<br>在命令行跟文件里面分别记录运行日志，命令行呈现大于DEBUG级别的记录，文件记录大于INFO级别的记录。文件名跟主程序的py名字一样，这里是<code>tmp.log</code>。里面内容：<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[<span class="number">2016</span>-<span class="number">05</span>-<span class="number">29</span> <span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">05</span>] tmp.py line:<span class="number">6</span> INFO hello, world</span><br><span class="line">[<span class="number">2016</span>-<span class="number">05</span>-<span class="number">29</span> <span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">05</span>] tmp.py line:<span class="number">7</span> ERROR hello, world</span><br><span class="line">[<span class="number">2016</span>-<span class="number">05</span>-<span class="number">29</span> <span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">05</span>] tmp.py line:<span class="number">8</span> CRITICALhello, world</span><br><span class="line">[<span class="number">2016</span>-<span class="number">05</span>-<span class="number">29</span> <span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">49</span>] tmp.py line:<span class="number">6</span> INFO hello, world</span><br><span class="line">[<span class="number">2016</span>-<span class="number">05</span>-<span class="number">29</span> <span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">49</span>] tmp.py line:<span class="number">7</span> ERROR hello, world</span><br><span class="line">[<span class="number">2016</span>-<span class="number">05</span>-<span class="number">29</span> <span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">49</span>] tmp.py line:<span class="number">8</span> CRITICALhello, world</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>cmd显示运行结果:<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[<span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">05</span>] tmp.py line:<span class="number">5</span> DEBUG hello, world</span><br><span class="line">[<span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">05</span>] tmp.py line:<span class="number">6</span> INFO hello, world</span><br><span class="line">[<span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">05</span>] tmp.py line:<span class="number">7</span> ERROR hello, world</span><br><span class="line">[<span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">17</span>:<span class="number">05</span>] tmp.py line:<span class="number">8</span> CRITICALhello, world</span><br><span class="line">Hit any key to close this window...</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>里面的内容符合对文件跟cmd的level级别筛选规则，显示的格式也分别符合<code>Log类</code>init默认初始化参数的formatter设置的规则。</p>
<p>如果要更改设置，直接调用<code>log.set_logger</code>就可以了。一般来说很少会有更改设置的情况，都是直接初始化就一直用到结束。有一种情况就是给出一个可以调整log level的级别的配置接口。这样程序运行的过程中，遇到bug用户可以调整日志级别，然后把debug日志记录获取到发给开发人员分析。</p>
<p>另外，封装的log.py比原来的logging模块多了一个trace接口。可以打印exception的详细信息。具体用法可以看封装的文件里边的例子。</p>
<h2 id="其他">其他</h2><h3 id="1-_formatter配置">1. formatter配置</h3><p>下面是formatter用到的匹配规则，其中asctime还可以进一步配置：命令行通过<code>cmddatefmt</code>、文件日志通过<code>filedatefmt</code>，具体写法可参照Log类的初始化函数。<br><figure class="highlight gherkin"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">+---------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------</span><br><span class="line">|<span class="string"> %(name)s </span>|<span class="string"> Logger的名字 </span><br><span class="line"></span>|<span class="string"> %(levelno)s </span>|<span class="string"> 数字形式的日志级别 </span><br><span class="line"></span>|<span class="string"> %(levelname)s </span>|<span class="string"> 文本形式的日志级别 </span><br><span class="line"></span>|<span class="string"> %(pathname)s </span>|<span class="string"> 调用日志输出函数的模块的完整路径名，可能没有 </span><br><span class="line"></span>|<span class="string"> %(filename)s </span>|<span class="string"> 调用日志输出函数的模块的文件名 </span><br><span class="line"></span>|<span class="string"> %(module)s </span>|<span class="string"> 调用日志输出函数的模块名 </span><br><span class="line"></span>|<span class="string"> %(funcName)s </span>|<span class="string"> 调用日志输出函数的函数名 </span><br><span class="line"></span>|<span class="string"> %(lineno)d </span>|<span class="string"> 调用日志输出函数的语句所在的代码行 </span><br><span class="line"></span>|<span class="string"> %(created)f </span>|<span class="string"> 当前时间，用UNIX标准的表示时间的浮 点数表示 </span><br><span class="line"></span>|<span class="string"> %(relativeCreated)d </span>|<span class="string"> 输出日志信息时的，自Logger创建以 来的毫秒数 </span><br><span class="line"></span>|<span class="string"> %(asctime)s </span>|<span class="string"> 字符串形式的当前时间。默认格式是 “2003-07-08 16:49:45,896”。逗号后面的是毫秒</span><br><span class="line"></span>|<span class="string"> %(thread)d </span>|<span class="string"> 线程ID。可能没有 </span><br><span class="line"></span>|<span class="string"> %(threadName)s </span>|<span class="string"> 线程名。可能没有 </span><br><span class="line"></span>|<span class="string"> %(process)d </span>|<span class="string"> 进程ID。可能没有 </span><br><span class="line"></span>|<span class="string"> %(message)s </span>|<span class="string"> 用户输出的消息 </span><br><span class="line">+---------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h3 id="2-_Use_set_logger_to_change_settings">2. Use set_logger to change settings</h3><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Change limit size in bytes of default rotating action</span></span><br><span class="line">log.set_logger(limit = <span class="number">10240</span>) <span class="comment"># 10M</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Use time-rotated file handler, each day has a different log file, see</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># logging.handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandler for more help about 'when'</span></span><br><span class="line">log.set_logger(when = <span class="string">'D'</span>, limit = <span class="number">1</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Use normal file handler (not rotated)</span></span><br><span class="line">log.set_logger(backup_count = <span class="number">0</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># File log level set to INFO, and stdout log level set to DEBUG</span></span><br><span class="line">log.set_logger(cmdlevel = <span class="string">'DEBUG'</span>, filelevel = <span class="string">'INFO'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Change default log file name and log mode</span></span><br><span class="line">log.set_logger(filename = <span class="string">'yyy.log'</span>, mode = <span class="string">'w'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Change default log formatter</span></span><br><span class="line">log.set_logger(cmdfmt = <span class="string">'[%(levelname)s] %(message)s'</span>)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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