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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<title>Python调用dll动态链接库操作excel | Hm's Blog</title>
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<meta name="description" content="这是一篇Python调用动态链接库的标准示范。
原理其实不管什么语言调用dll的流程都是一样的：先注册dll到操作系统，然后获取到初始化的dll对象，然后就可以调用dll的各种api接口了。
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<meta property="og:description" content="这是一篇Python调用动态链接库的标准示范。
原理其实不管什么语言调用dll的流程都是一样的：先注册dll到操作系统，然后获取到初始化的dll对象，然后就可以调用dll的各种api接口了。
1234567891011121314151617def register(): '''注册插件 ''' pythoncom.CoInitialize() command = "reg">
<meta property="og:updated_time" content="2016-08-07T05:58:39.494Z">
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<meta name="twitter:description" content="这是一篇Python调用动态链接库的标准示范。
原理其实不管什么语言调用dll的流程都是一样的：先注册dll到操作系统，然后获取到初始化的dll对象，然后就可以调用dll的各种api接口了。
1234567891011121314151617def register(): '''注册插件 ''' pythoncom.CoInitialize() command = "reg">
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Python调用dll动态链接库操作excel
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<a href="/2016-05-31-python-excel.html" class="article-date">
<time datetime="2016-05-31T14:56:05.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">2016-05-31</time>
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<p>这是一篇Python调用动态链接库的标准示范。</p>
<h2 id="原理">原理</h2><p>其实不管什么语言调用dll的流程都是一样的：先注册dll到操作系统，然后获取到初始化的dll对象，然后就可以调用dll的各种api接口了。</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">register</span><span class="params">()</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'''注册插件</span><br><span class="line"> '''</span></span><br><span class="line"> pythoncom.CoInitialize()</span><br><span class="line"> command = <span class="string">"regsvr32 /s atl.dll"</span></span><br><span class="line"> os.system(command)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> lx = win32com.client.Dispatch(<span class="string">'Lazy.LxjExcel'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">except</span> pywintypes.com_error:</span><br><span class="line"> command = <span class="string">'regsvr32 /s LazyOffice.dll'</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> os.system(command) == <span class="number">0</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> lx = win32com.client.Dispatch(<span class="string">'Lazy.LxjExcel'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> lx</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> self.log.error(<span class="string">'regsver32 error'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> lx</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>这段代码是python调用dll的标准代码。别的dll也可以用这个调用。其中<code>LazyOffice.dll</code>是操作excel的dll文件，<code>Lazy.LxjExcel</code>是初始化的操作excel的对象，该对象由dll的编写作者提供。</p>
<p>然后就能通过返回的lx调用这个dll内部封装的接口啦：<code>lx.ExcelOpen(path, visual)</code></p>
<a id="more"></a>
<h2 id="封装">封装</h2><p>环境：<code>win7</code> <code>python3</code> <code>python2</code>,如果操作系统注册dll插件失败，可先手动注册成功后再运行程序调用。</p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br><span class="line">55</span><br><span class="line">56</span><br><span class="line">57</span><br><span class="line">58</span><br><span class="line">59</span><br><span class="line">60</span><br><span class="line">61</span><br><span class="line">62</span><br><span class="line">63</span><br><span class="line">64</span><br><span class="line">65</span><br><span class="line">66</span><br><span class="line">67</span><br><span class="line">68</span><br><span class="line">69</span><br><span class="line">70</span><br><span class="line">71</span><br><span class="line">72</span><br><span class="line">73</span><br><span class="line">74</span><br><span class="line">75</span><br><span class="line">76</span><br><span class="line">77</span><br><span class="line">78</span><br><span class="line">79</span><br><span class="line">80</span><br><span class="line">81</span><br><span class="line">82</span><br><span class="line">83</span><br><span class="line">84</span><br><span class="line">85</span><br><span class="line">86</span><br><span class="line">87</span><br><span class="line">88</span><br><span class="line">89</span><br><span class="line">90</span><br><span class="line">91</span><br><span 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class="line">152</span><br><span class="line">153</span><br><span class="line">154</span><br><span class="line">155</span><br><span class="line">156</span><br><span class="line">157</span><br><span class="line">158</span><br><span class="line">159</span><br><span class="line">160</span><br><span class="line">161</span><br><span class="line">162</span><br><span class="line">163</span><br><span class="line">164</span><br><span class="line">165</span><br><span class="line">166</span><br><span class="line">167</span><br><span class="line">168</span><br><span class="line">169</span><br><span class="line">170</span><br><span class="line">171</span><br><span class="line">172</span><br><span class="line">173</span><br><span class="line">174</span><br><span class="line">175</span><br><span class="line">176</span><br><span class="line">177</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">#!/usr/bin/env python</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># -*- coding: utf-8 -*-</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="comment"># Last Update:</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> win32com.client</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> pywintypes</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> pythoncom</span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> os</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">GoodString</span><span class="params">(value)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">"""</span><br><span class="line"> >>> GoodString(2)</span><br><span class="line"> '2'</span><br><span class="line"> """</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> str(value)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">except</span> UnicodeEncodeError:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> value</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Lxsoft</span><span class="params">()</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__init__</span><span class="params">(self, log, path=<span class="string">''</span>)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.log = log</span><br><span class="line"> self.lx = self.__registerLxsoft()</span><br><span class="line"> self.InitExcel()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> path:</span><br><span class="line"> self.Open(path)</span><br><span class="line"> self.SheetIndex()</span><br><span class="line"> self.SheetCount()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__registerLxsoft</span><span class="params">(self)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="string">'''注册插件</span><br><span class="line"> '''</span></span><br><span class="line"> pythoncom.CoInitialize()</span><br><span class="line"> command = <span class="string">"regsvr32 /s atl.dll"</span></span><br><span class="line"> os.system(command)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">try</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> lx = win32com.client.Dispatch(<span class="string">'Lazy.LxjExcel'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">except</span> pywintypes.com_error:</span><br><span class="line"> command = <span class="string">'regsvr32 /s LazyOffice.dll'</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> os.system(command) == <span class="number">0</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> lx = win32com.client.Dispatch(<span class="string">'Lazy.LxjExcel'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># assert(dm.Ver == '2.1138')</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> lx</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> self.log.error(<span class="string">'regsver32 error'</span>)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> lx</span><br><span class="line"> </span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">InitExcel</span><span class="params">(self)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.path = <span class="string">''</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.maxsheet = <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.index = <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.sindex = <span class="number">1</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__del__</span><span class="params">(self)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.Close()</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__Trueindex</span><span class="params">(self, index)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">if</span> index == <span class="string">''</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> self.index</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">else</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> index</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">Open</span><span class="params">(self, path, visual=<span class="number">0</span>)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># visual:1可见,0不可见 opencd:打开密码(如果存在)</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># writecd:写入密码 flag:只读方式打开</span></span><br><span class="line"> self.path = path</span><br><span class="line"> self.index = self.lx.ExcelOpen(path, visual)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> self.index</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">Close</span><span class="params">(self, index=<span class="string">''</span>)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> index = self.__Trueindex(index)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> self.lx.ExcelClose(index)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">SheetIndex</span><span class="params">(self, index=<span class="string">''</span>)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 获取当前标签页序号</span></span><br><span class="line"> index = self.__Trueindex(index)</span><br><span class="line"> self.sindex = self.lx.SheetIndex(index)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> self.sindex</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">SheetName</span><span class="params">(self, Sindex, index=<span class="string">''</span>)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 获取标签页序号(或名称)为Sindex的标签名称(或索引)</span></span><br><span class="line"> index = self.__Trueindex(index)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> self.lx.SheetGetName(Sindex, index)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">SheetCount</span><span class="params">(self, index=<span class="string">''</span>)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 获取标签页总数</span></span><br><span class="line"> index = self.__Trueindex(index)</span><br><span class="line"> self.maxsheet = self.lx.SheetCount(index)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> self.maxsheet</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">SheetAdd</span><span class="params">(self, Sindex, index=<span class="string">''</span>)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 在第Sindex个标签页之前新建一个标签</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 如果Sindex是字符串,则在最后新建一个名叫Sindex的标签</span></span><br><span class="line"> index = self.__Trueindex(index)</span><br><span class="line"> self.log.debug(<span class="string">u'新建标签: '</span>+GoodString(Sindex))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> self.lx.SheetAdd(Sindex, index)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">SheetRename</span><span class="params">(self, Sindex, name, index=<span class="string">''</span>)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># Sindex可为序号或者名称</span></span><br><span class="line"> index = self.__Trueindex(index)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> self.lx.SheetRename(Sindex, name, index)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">SheetDel</span><span class="params">(self, Sindex, index=<span class="string">''</span>)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> index = self.__Trueindex(index)</span><br><span class="line"> self.log.debug(<span class="string">u'删除标签: '</span>+GoodString(Sindex))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> self.lx.SheetDel(Sindex, index)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">Write</span><span class="params">(self, Sindex, x, y, string, index=<span class="string">''</span>)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># Write(1,3,2,"内容",Index)向单元格(3,2)即'B3'写入内容</span></span><br><span class="line"> index = self.__Trueindex(index)</span><br><span class="line"> self.log.debug(<span class="string">u'向单元格(%s,%s)写入内容: %s'</span> % (GoodString(x),GoodString(y),GoodString(string)))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> self.lx.ExcelWrite(Sindex, x, y, string, index)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">Read</span><span class="params">(self, Sindex, x, y, index=<span class="string">''</span>)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> index = self.__Trueindex(index)</span><br><span class="line"> string = self.lx.ExcelRead(Sindex, x, y, index)[<span class="number">0</span>]</span><br><span class="line"> self.log.debug(<span class="string">u'读取单元格(%s,%s): %s'</span> % (GoodString(x),GoodString(y),GoodString(string)))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> string</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">differ</span><span class="params">(self, Sindex, x1, y1, x2, y2, index1=<span class="string">''</span>, index2=<span class="string">''</span>)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> index1 = self.__Trueindex(index1)</span><br><span class="line"> index2 = self.__Trueindex(index2)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> int(self.Read(Sindex, x1, y1, index1)) - int(self.Read(Sindex, x2, y2, index2))</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">Cells</span><span class="params">(self, tab1, action, tab2, index=<span class="string">''</span>)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 如设置tab2为负数，将只进行复制</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 如设置tab2为0，将在所有标签页后面新建一个被复制的表</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 将工作表第1个标签页整表复制到第3个标签页:self.lx.ExcelCells(1, u"复制", 3, Index)</span></span><br><span class="line"> index = self.__Trueindex(index)</span><br><span class="line"> self.log.debug(<span class="string">u'表%s %s -> %s'</span> % (GoodString(tab1),action,GoodString(tab2)))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> self.lx.ExcelCells(tab1, action, tab2, index)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">Rows</span><span class="params">(self, tab, row1, action, row2, index=<span class="string">''</span>)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 如设置row2为负数，将只进行复制</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 复制第1个标签页第2行到第8行:self.lx.ExcelRows(1, 2, u"复制", 8, Index)</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 第2行模糊查找1:self.lx.ExcelRows(1, 2, u"模糊查找", 1, Index)</span></span><br><span class="line"> index = self.__Trueindex(index)</span><br><span class="line"> self.log.debug(<span class="string">u'行%s %s -> %s'</span> % (GoodString(row1),action,GoodString(row2)))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> self.lx.ExcelRows(tab, row1, action, row2, index)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">Columns</span><span class="params">(self, tab, col1, action, col2, index=<span class="string">''</span>)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 如设置col2为负数，将只进行复制</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 复制第1个标签页第3列到第6列:self.lx.ExcelColumns(1, 3, u"复制", 6, Index)</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 第3列模糊查找1:self.lx.ExcelColumns(1,3, u"模糊查找", 1, Index)</span></span><br><span class="line"> index = self.__Trueindex(index)</span><br><span class="line"> self.log.debug(<span class="string">u'列%s %s -> %s'</span> % (GoodString(col1),action,GoodString(col2)))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> self.lx.ExcelColumns(tab, col1, action, col2, index)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">Range</span><span class="params">(self, tab, ranges, action, destination, index=<span class="string">''</span>)</span>:</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 如设置destination为负数，将只进行复制</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 复制第1个标签页"B2:C5"区域:self.lx.ExcelRange(1, "B2:C5", "复制", -1, Index)</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># 区域C2:E5模糊查找1:self.lx.ExcelRange(1, "C2:E5",u"模糊查找", 1, Index)</span></span><br><span class="line"> index = self.__Trueindex(index)</span><br><span class="line"> self.log.debug(<span class="string">u'区域%s %s -> %s'</span> % (GoodString(tab),action,GoodString(destination)))</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">return</span> self.lx.ExcelRange(tab, ranges, action, destination, index)</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"><span class="keyword">if</span> __name__ == <span class="string">'__main__'</span>:</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">import</span> log</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="keyword">import</span> time</span><br><span class="line"> path = <span class="string">'F:\\test.xls'</span></span><br><span class="line"> mylog = log.Log()</span><br><span class="line"> lx = Lxsoft(mylog, path)</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># print int(lx.Read(lx.SheetCount(), 5, 7))==int(time.strftime("%Y%m%d"))</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># a = lx.Read(lx.maxsheet, 5, 7)</span></span><br><span class="line"> a = lx.SheetCount()</span><br><span class="line"> print(lx.Columns(a, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="string">u"模糊查找"</span>, <span class="string">"20150722"</span>)[<span class="number">0</span>][<span class="number">0</span>])</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># lx.Cells(lx.SheetCount(), 5, u"字体颜色", 3)</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># print lx.differ(lx.maxsheet, 17, 7, 17, 3)</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># print a</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># lx.Write(lx.maxsheet, 5, 7, "20150709")</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># lx.Cells(80, u"复制", 0, index)</span></span><br><span class="line"> lx.Close()</span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># lx = Lxsoft(config.log)</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># index = lx.Open(path, 0)</span></span><br><span class="line"> <span class="comment"># lx.Close(index)</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="其他">其他</h2><ul>
<li><p><a href="http://huangming.work/2016-05-29-python-log.html" target="_blank" rel="external">log模块</a></p>
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