Change-Impacts.md

Impacts

Impacts are the consequences of individual or collective changes in state (e.g., in one or more attributes relating to vegetation structure, floristics or biomass, water type and/or quality, urban configurations, termed herein as Environmental Descriptors; EDs). The following lists 77 defined impacts.

Term	Definition	Copyright	Authority	Authority citation	Authority link
Accretion	The build-up of sediments to form land or shoaling in coastal waters or waterways. It may be either natural or artificial. Natural accretion is the build-up of land on the beach, dunes, or in the water by natural processes, such as waves, current and wind. Artificial accretion is a similar build-up of land resulting from built structures such as groynes or breakwaters, or activities such as filling and beach nourishment, or also aggradation.	The definition for this term is re-used from 'Costal Management Glossary', Office of Environment and Heritage © 2018 State of NSW and Office of Environment and Heritage. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).	Office of Environment and Heritage	OEH 2018. Coastal Management Glossary. <last accessed 14th Dec 2020 https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/research-and-publications/publications-search/coastal-management-glossary>	https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/-/media/OEH/Corporate-Site/Documents/Water/Coasts/coastal-management-glossary-180195.pdf
Algal bloom	A sudden proliferation of algae (microscopic plants) that occurs near the surface of a body of water. Blooms can occur due to natural nutrient cycles, or can be in response to eutrophication or climate variations.	The definition for this term is re-used from Australia State of the Environment 2016 Glossary, © Commonwealth of Australia 2017-2018. It is licenced by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.	Australia State of the Environment 2016	-	https://soe.environment.gov.au/glossary
Algal dieback	Loss of algae (microscopic plants) that occurs near the surface of a body of water.	Part of the definition for this term is re-used from Australia State of the Environment 2016 Glossary, © Commonwealth of Australia 2017-2018. It is licenced by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.	Australia State of the Environment 2016	-	https://soe.environment.gov.au/glossary
Bare soil exposure	Appearance of underlying soil following human or natural disturbance, such as removal of top soil prior to urban construction or grazing of natural vegetation.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Blackwater event	When organic material is inundated or washed into waterways and consumed by bacteria, leading to a sudden depletion of dissolved oxygen in the water.	The definition for this term is re-used from Australia State of the Environment 2016 Glossary, © Commonwealth of Australia 2017-2018. It is licenced by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.	Australia State of the Environment 2016	-	https://soe.environment.gov.au/glossary
Browning	A decrease in the amount or loss of photosynthetically active pigments (primarily chlorophylls) in vegetation.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Building or infrastucture abandonment	Buildings dehabited or no longer in use.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Compaction	Process that brings about an increase in soil density or unit weight, accompanied by a decrease in air volume.	The definition for this term is re-used from 'Compaction', University of West England, Copyright 2020 © UWE Bristol	University of New England	-	http://environment.uwe.ac.uk/geocal/SoilMech/compaction/compaction.htm
Coral bleaching	When the coral host expels its zooxanthellae (marine algae living in symbiosis with the coral) in response to increased water temperatures, often resulting in the death of the coral.	Part of the definition for this term is re-used from Australia State of the Environment 2016 Glossary, © Commonwealth of Australia 2017-2018. It is licenced by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.	Australia State of the Environment 2016	-	https://soe.environment.gov.au/glossary
Coral damage	Physical damage or loss of a coral reef that is not the result of changes in water. temperature.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Coral recovery	Re-instatement of the previous extent or health of reef-building corals.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Crop change in cultivated lands	Replacement of one crop type by another.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Crop damage	Loss of or harm to crops during or following a disturbance.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Crop establishment	Planting of crops in an area on ploughed land.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Cropland gain	Increase of total cropping area or total area sown.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Cropland loss	Decrease of total cropping area or total area sown.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Deglaciation	The uncovering of glaciated land because of melting or sublimation of the glacier.	The definition for this term is re-used from 'Deglaciation', The Free Dictionary. Copyright © 2003-2021 Farlex, Inc	The Free Dictionary	-	https://www.thefreedictionary.com/deglaciation
Desalinisation	The process of soils becoming less salty; the reduction of soluble salts in water bodies.	Part of the definition for this term is re-used from Australia State of the Environment 2016 Glossary, © Commonwealth of Australia 2017-2018. It is licenced by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.	Australia State of the Environment 2016	-	https://soe.environment.gov.au/glossary
Desertification	Reduction in the productivity of the land that is not reversible. In other words, land is desertified when it can no longer support the same plant growth it had in the past, and the change is permanent on a human time scale.	Part of the definition for this term is re-used from 'Defining Desertification', NASA Earth Observatory. No specific copyright info (only this: https://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/guidelines/index.html)	NASA Earth Observatory		https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/features/Desertification/desertification2.php
Elevation change	Change in the altitude above sea or ground level.	Part of the definition for this term is re-used from 'Elevation', Macquarie Dictionary. © Macmillan Publishers Australia 2020. All rights reserved.	Macquarie Dictionary	-	https://www.macquariedictionary.com.au/features/word/search/?search_word_type=Dictionary&word=elevation
Erosion	Geological process in which earthen materials are worn away and transported by natural forces such as wind or water.	The definition for this term is re-used from 'Erosion', National Geographic. © 1996 - 2020 National Geographic Society. All rights reserved.	National Geographic	-	https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/erosion/#:~:text=Erosion%20is%20the%20geological%20process,such%20as%20wind%20or%20water.
Flooding	Inundation of water over an area.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Geomorphological change	A geomorphic adjustment that changes the geometry of landforms. Examples include estuarine evolution and beach rotation in coastal areas and mountain uplift.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Glaciation	Expansion of ice or glacier cover.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Greening	An increase in the amount of photosynthetically active pigments (primarily chlorophylls) in vegetation.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Increased sediment load	Increase in the amount of a substance discharged into a body of water (e.g. salt or sediment).	Part of the definition for this term is re-used from 'Glossary', Northern Territory Environment Protection Authority,© Copyright 2020 NTEPA	Northern Territory Environment Protection Authority	NTEPA 2005, Glossary, Enesar Consulting Pty Ltd, NTEPA	https://ntepa.nt.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0007/286567/chp12.pdf
Inundation	Progressive submergence of land or structures through flooding.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	New South Wales State Emergency Service	SES 2018, New South Wales State Flood Plan Glossary, Page 3, [https://www.ses.nsw.gov.au/about-us/flood-storm-and-tsunami-plans/][last accessed 10th Dec 2020]	https://www.ses.nsw.gov.au/media/2650/glossary.pdf
Invasive or exotic species	A plant or animal that has been introduced into a region (terrestrial or aquatic) in which it does not naturally occur and that becomes established and spreads, displacing naturally occurring species.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Lava flow	A mass of molten rock produced during the eruption of a volcano and moving down its sides.	The definition for this term is re-used from 'Lava flow', Macquarie Dictionary. © Macmillan Publishers Australia 2020. All rights reserved.	Macquarie Dictionary	-	https://www.macquariedictionary.com.au/features/word/search/?search_word_type=Dictionary&word=lava+flow
Leaf scorch	A non-infectious, physiological condition caused by unfavorable environmental situations. It is not caused by fungus, bacteria, or virus. The problem may appear on almost any plant if weather conditions are favourable, such as high temperatures, dry winds, salt carrying winds and low soil moisture.	The definition for this term is re-used from 'Leaf scorch', The Morton Arboretum, © 2021 The Morton Arboretum	The Morton Arboretum	-	https://mortonarb.org/plant-and-protect/tree-plant-care/plant-care-resources/leaf-scorch/#!
Mine abandonment	Land formally used for extractive industry but no longer in use and no new use observed.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Mine construction	Creation of infrastructure in prepration for mining.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Mine expansion	Design and construction of landforms as well as the establishment of sustainable ecosystems or alternative vegetation, depending upon desired post-operational land use.	Part of the definition for this term is re-used from 'MINE REHABILITATION Leading Practice Sustainable Development Program for the Mining Industry', Australian Government. © Commonwealth of Australia 2016. This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from the Commonwealth.	Australian Government: Dept of Industry, Science, Energy and Resources	© Commonwealth of Australia 2016, MINE REHABILITATION Leading Practice Sustainable Development Program for the Mining Industry, <last accessed 14th Dec 2020, https://www.industry.gov.au/data-and-publications/leading-practice-handbook-mine-rehabilitation>	https://www.industry.gov.au/sites/default/files/2019-04/lpsdp-mine-rehabilitation-handbook-english.pdf
Natural surface gain	Increase in the area occupied by a natural surface.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Natural surface loss	Decrease in area of natural surface.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Net snow gain (extent)	Progressive gain of snow extent.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Net snow gain (hydroperiod)	The increase in the residence time of snow cover, often expressed as a percentage of a year.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Net snow loss (extent)	Loss of snow cover through melt resulting in exposure of the underlying surface.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Net snow loss (hydroperiod)	The decrease in the residence time of snow cover, often expressed as a percentage of a year.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Phenological change	Alteration in the timing of natural lifecycle events.	Part of the definition for this term is re-used from Australia State of the Environment 2016 Glossary, © Commonwealth of Australia 2017-2018. It is licenced by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.	Australia State of the Environment 2016	-	https://soe.environment.gov.au/glossary
Railway or road abandonment	Transport infrastructure no longer in use and no new use observed.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Railway or road construction	Building of a land cover that consists of a combination of materials to form a linear structure for the purpose of road or railroad transportation.	Part of the definition for this term is re-used from 'Glossary of Terms for United States National Vegetation Classification'.	United States National Vegetation Classification	-	https://www.blm.gov/sites/blm.gov/files/uploads/IM2013-111_att2.pdf
Receding flood	Movement of water away from an area after a flood.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Salinisation	The process of soils becoming more salty; the accumulation of soluble salts in water bodies.	Part of the definition for this term is re-used from Australia State of the Environment 2016 Glossary, © Commonwealth of Australia 2017-2018. It is licenced by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence.	Australia State of the Environment 2016	-	https://soe.environment.gov.au/glossary
Sea ice decrease	Decrease in the extent and/or volume of frozen marine water.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Sea ice increase	Increae in the extent and/or volume of frozen marine water.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Sea level fall	An decrease in the mean level of the oceans. Relative sea level occurs where there is a local increase in the level of the ocean relative to the land, which might be caused by ocean falling, the land rising, or both. I	Part of the definition for this term is re-used from 'Costal Management Glossary', Office of Environment and Heritage © 2018 State of NSW and Office of Environment and Heritage. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).	Office of Environment and Heritage	OEH 2018. Coastal Management Glossary. <last accessed 14th Dec 2020 https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/research-and-publications/publications-search/coastal-management-glossary>	https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/-/media/OEH/Corporate-Site/Documents/Water/Coasts/coastal-management-glossary-180195.pdf
Sea level rise	An increase in the mean level of the oceans. Relative sea level occurs where there is a local increase in the level of the ocean relative to the land, which might be caused by ocean rising, the land subsiding, or both. In areas with rapid land level uplift (e.g. seismically active areas), relative sea level can fall.	Part of the definition for this term is re-used from 'Costal Management Glossary', Office of Environment and Heritage © 2018 State of NSW and Office of Environment and Heritage. It is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).	Office of Environment and Heritage	OEH 2018. Coastal Management Glossary. <last accessed 14th Dec 2020 https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/research-and-publications/publications-search/coastal-management-glossary>	https://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/-/media/OEH/Corporate-Site/Documents/Water/Coasts/coastal-management-glossary-180195.pdf
Sedimentation	Deposition of sediment from flowing water (in channels or floodplains) or standing water (in wetlands, lakes, or oceans).	The definition for this term is re-used from ' Soil erosion: the greatest challenge to sustainable soil management', Food and Agriculture Organisation; © FAO, 2019. Some rights reserved. This work is made available under the Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence	Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations	FAO. 2019. Soil erosion: the greatest challenge to sustainable soil management. Rome. 100 pp. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. http://www.fao.org/3/ca4395en/ca4395en.pdf	http://www.fao.org/3/ca4395en/ca4395en.pdf
Sinkhole	A sinkhole is a closed natural depression in the ground surface caused by removal of material below the ground and either collapse or gradual subsidence of the surface into the resulting void.	The definition for this term is re-used from 'What is the difference between a sinkhole and a pothole?', USGS. Generally, materials produced by federal agencies are in the public domain and may be reproduced without permission.	United States Geological Survey		https://www.usgs.gov/faqs/what-difference-between-a-sinkhole-and-a-pothole?qt-news_science_products=0#qt-news_science_products
Snow accumulation	Gradual gathering of snow over an area already covered in snow.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Snow melt	Loss of snow cover due to heat.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Urban damage	Damage to urban buildings and infrastructure.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Urban decay	The process of deterioration in the integrity of buildings and infrastructure.	Part of the definition for this term is re-used from 'Dictionary of Geographical Terms', © 2007 - 2020 Collins Learning, a division of HarperCollins Publishers Ltd, registered in Scotland, Company No.27389. Registered address: Westerhill Road, Bishopbriggs, Glasgow, G64 2QT. © 2020 National Geographic Partners, LLC.	Collins Dictionary	-	https://resources.collins.co.uk/Wesbite%20images/KS3Geography/TB2/Dictionary%20of%20geographical%20terms.pdf
Urban densification	Increases in the number of buildings and associated infrastructure as human populations move into an area to live or work.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Urban development	Economic, social and political changes that improve the wellbeing of people in an urban setting.	Part of the definition for this term is re-used from 'Glossary', Australian Curriculum, © Australian Curriculum, Assessment and Reporting Authority.	Australian Curriculum	-	https://www.australiancurriculum.edu.au/f-10-curriculum/humanities-and-social-sciences/geography/glossary/?letter=D
Urban growth	Increase in extent of urban land cover through the construction of buildings and associated infrastructure.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Urban loss (extent)	Removal of all settlements above a certain minimum population size and minimum population density that are within a certain travel time by road.	Part of the definition for this term is re-used from © 2009 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/The World Bank	World Bank World Development Report 2009	-	http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2008/12/03/000333038_20081203234958/Rendered/PDF/437380REVISED01BLIC1097808213760720.pdf
Urban renewal	Redevelopment of a built environment to address urban decay.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Urban sprawl	Unplanned low-density development surrounding an urban area that often starts as rural land. Also called suburban sprawl.	The definition for this term is re-used from 'Glossary', National Geographic. © 1996 - 2020 National Geographic Society. All rights reserved.	National Geographic	-	https://www.nationalgeographic.org/glossary/?page=3&term=urban
Vegetation damage	Physical harm that impairs the value, usefulness, or normal function of plants or plant communities.	Part of the definition for this term is re-used from 'Damage', Lexico, powered by Oxford © 2021 Lexico.com	Lexico	-	https://www.lexico.com/definition/damage
Vegetation dieback	Mortality of all or part of plant components, either sinularly or en masse.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Vegetation gain (amount)	Expansion of whole plant communities into an area. This includes native vegetation.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Vegetation gain (extent)	An increase in the area occupied by plants.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Vegetation health deterioration	Deterioration in the state or function of plants or plant communities.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Vegetation health improvement	Improvement in the state or function of plants or plant communities.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Vegetation loss (extent)	Loss of vegetation communities from an area.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Vegetation reduction (amount)	Reduction in the diversity, abundance and/or coverage of plants within an area.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Vegetation reduction in understorey (amount)	Reduction in the diversity, abundance and/or coverage of subcanopy plants within an area.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Vegetation species change	Changes in the floristic and or structural composition of vegetation in an area.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Water depth decrease	Decrease in the amount of water from an existing water body.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Water depth increase	Increase in the amount of water within an existing water body.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Water gain (extent)	Increase in the extent of water from the bounds of an existing water body.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Water loss (extent)	Decrease in the extent of water from the bounds of an existing water body.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Water movement change	A change in the direction of flow of a body of water that might be accompanied by a change in velocity, turbulence and/or discharge.	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, on any reports made public under this Project Agreement.	Land Ecosystem Accounts Project	-	General - no source
Water quality change	Change in the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of water and the measure of its condition relative to the requirements for one or more biotic species and/or to any human need or purpose.	Part of the definition for this term is re-used from 'Glossary of Terms', Australia and New Zealand Guidelines for fresh and marine water quality, Australian Goverment Initiative. © Commonwealth of Australia	Commonwealth of Australia	-	https://www.waterquality.gov.au/anz-guidelines/resources/glossary
Wave action	Disturbance on the surface of a liquid body, as the sea or a lake, in the form of a moving ridge or swell that impacts on the structure of land elements.	Part of the definition for this term is re-used from 'Wave', Dictionary.com, Copyright © 2021 Dictionary.com, LLC	Dictionary.com	-	https://www.dictionary.com/browse/wave