Python.ipynb

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   "source": [
    "# python 3\n",
    "\n",
    "linguagem interpretada: executada por um interpretador, sem necessidade de ser compilada com geração de arquivo executável.<br>\n",
    "No terminal(linux) ou no CMD (windows) respectivamente:\n",
    "```\n",
    ">python3\n",
    ">python\n",
    "```\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "instalação de pacotes e bibliotecas:\n",
    "```\n",
    ">pip3 install nome_do_pacote\n",
    ">pip install nome_do_pacote --user\n",
    "```\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
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   "source": [
    "# sumário:\n",
    "* sintaxe geral\n",
    "* variáveis\n",
    "* operadores aritméticos, relacionais, de atribuição e lógicos \n",
    "* entrada e saída\n",
    "* condicionais\n",
    "* loops\n",
    "* funções\n",
    "* funções matemáticas\n",
    "* strings\n",
    "* listas, tuplas, dicionários e sets\n",
    "* ponteiros, shallow e deep copy\n",
    "* arquivos e diretórios\n",
    "* datas\n",
    "* classe e objetos\n",
    "* tratamento de exceções\n",
    "* enumerate, map, reduce, filter e zip \n",
    "* matplotlib\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
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   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# sintaxe geral\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "não há uso de ; para separar cada linha <br>\n",
    "não há uso de { } para escopo <br>\n",
    "o escopo é definido pela indentação: uso de 4 espaços (1 tab)\n"
   ]
  },
  {
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   "source": [
    "#isso é um comentário de uma linha\n",
    "#comentários de várias linhas não são suportados :(\n",
    "'''djhkdjhkfj\n",
    "jhdjkhksj'''\n",
    "\n",
    "variavel = None #NULL"
   ]
  },
  {
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   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# variáveis"
   ]
  },
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    "id": "yo-SYbxTHcjf"
   },
   "source": [
    "não há declaração do tipo de variável, seu tipo é atribuído de acordo com seu conteúdo<br>\n",
    "o nome da variável:\n",
    "* só pode ser composto por letras, maiusculas e minusculas, números e os caracteres _ $\n",
    "* não pode começar com números"
   ]
  },
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   "source": [
    "numero_inteiro = 5\n",
    "numero_ponto_flutuante = 1.25\n",
    "numero_complexo = 3.14j\n",
    "string = 'abcdef'\n",
    "booleana = True"
   ]
  },
  {
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    "outputId": "bc219315-4cce-4780-bffb-184b4a7b9d3f",
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "int"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 2,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(numero_inteiro)"
   ]
  },
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   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
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    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "float"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
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   "source": [
    "type(numero_ponto_flutuante)"
   ]
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    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "complex"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 4,
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   "source": [
    "type(numero_complexo)"
   ]
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   "execution_count": 5,
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   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "str"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
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   "source": [
    "type(string)"
   ]
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   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "bool"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
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   ],
   "source": [
    "type(booleana)"
   ]
  },
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    "id": "f8HnOn4aJTV3"
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   "source": [
    "\n",
    "# conversão de tipos\n",
    "basta escrever o tipo na frente e por a variável entre parentes:\n"
   ]
  },
  {
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   "execution_count": 7,
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    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "int"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
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     "output_type": "execute_result"
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   ],
   "source": [
    "str(numero_inteiro)\n",
    "type(numero_inteiro)"
   ]
  },
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    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "str"
      ]
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     "execution_count": 8,
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   "source": [
    "numero_inteiro = str(numero_inteiro)\n",
    "type(numero_inteiro)"
   ]
  },
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   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# operadores aritméticos\n",
    "* \\+   adição\n",
    "* \\-   subtração\n",
    "* \\*   multiplicação\n",
    "* \\/   divisão\n",
    "* \\%   modulo\n",
    "* \\**  exponencial\n",
    "* \\//  floor division"
   ]
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       "2"
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   "source": [
    "1+1 "
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       "1"
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     },
     "execution_count": 10,
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   ],
   "source": [
    "2-1"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "2*5"
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       "2.5"
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    "5/2"
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       "2"
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   "source": [
    "5//2"
   ]
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    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
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   ],
   "source": [
    "3%2"
   ]
  },
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   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {
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    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "9"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 15,
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   "source": [
    "3**2"
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   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# operadores relacionais\n",
    "\n",
    "* \\>\n",
    "* \\<\n",
    "* \\>=\n",
    "* \\<=\n",
    "* ==\n",
    "* !=\n"
   ]
  },
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   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 16,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "5 > 2"
   ]
  },
  {
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   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {
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    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 17,
     "metadata": {},
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   ],
   "source": [
    "5 < 2"
   ]
  },
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   "execution_count": 18,
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    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
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     "execution_count": 18,
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   "source": [
    "5 >= 5"
   ]
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   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 19,
     "metadata": {},
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    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "5 <= 5"
   ]
  },
  {
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   "execution_count": 20,
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    "outputId": "816c3a7a-9ba8-4c86-d203-59a609512997"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 20,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "5 == 2"
   ]
  },
  {
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   "execution_count": 21,
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    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 21,
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    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "5 != 2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
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   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# operadores de atribuição\n",
    "\n",
    "* =\n",
    "* +=\n",
    "* -=\n",
    "* *=\n",
    "* /=\n",
    "* %=\n",
    "* **=\n",
    "* //="
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {},
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "930I6sasOLlL"
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   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "variavel = 5 "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
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     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "JwA34tt_OLsg",
    "outputId": "e4ed793a-8805-4154-94dd-f33497d4d58b"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "10\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "variavel += 5\n",
    "print(variavel)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {
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    "id": "-QZ2QpYSOLzy",
    "outputId": "75dd0b36-5ca7-4936-ea0f-244667f7a2e8"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "5\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "variavel -= 5\n",
    "print(variavel)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
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   "outputs": [
    {
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     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "25\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "variavel *= 5\n",
    "print(variavel)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
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   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "5.0\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "variavel /= 5\n",
    "print(variavel)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 27,
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    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2.0\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "variavel %= 3\n",
    "print(variavel)"
   ]
  },
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    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "uh_0XQEDOsNx",
    "outputId": "f600e262-b118-4967-e36d-18216bf5a96f"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "4.0\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "variavel **= 2\n",
    "print(variavel)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "26f5k7jWO66f",
    "outputId": "58e36f76-19f8-45e2-9d92-94cf44950fae"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "1.0\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "variavel //= 3\n",
    "print(variavel)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "lTqom_OSQTwX"
   },
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# operadores lógicos\n",
    "* and\n",
    "* or\n",
    "* not\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "PW_zj3fqQuW3",
    "outputId": "b365d99d-6efa-4b44-8148-9ca0ad862c88"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 30,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "True and True  #&&"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "uzmbEHz1Quvr",
    "outputId": "1c886636-b911-4b87-c4da-ef7cdaeada04"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 31,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "True or False  #||"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 32,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "8V3yJdh5Qu4b",
    "outputId": "b59092ea-af62-4db0-f202-7a2ccb9d6548"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 32,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "not False  #!"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "5t5LR8IoRHHp"
   },
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# outros operadores\n",
    "* in\n",
    "* not in\n",
    "* is\n",
    "* is not\n",
    "* &\n",
    "* |\n",
    "* ~\n",
    "* ^\n",
    "* <<\n",
    "* \\>>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 34,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "hp8PIc__Rp2L",
    "outputId": "0a3921a3-53b5-4932-a6a9-09bb0b3beb10",
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "False\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lista = [1, 2, 3]\n",
    "print(5 in lista)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "-XhAfFqnRp7q",
    "outputId": "9e93124b-89b0-460b-823f-cfad57a08708"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 35,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lista1 = lista\n",
    "lista1 is lista"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {},
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "AVCiC8RRRqFr"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = 0b00111100\n",
    "b = 0b00001101"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 37,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "iJHR1tAaRqQX",
    "outputId": "0d3a6b97-6e8c-4c5e-f4c6-9f4a30c35033"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0b1100\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(bin(a & b))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 38,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "I_e-89NsRqh-",
    "outputId": "0351b90a-3e15-49e7-ec76-48f5d71e54c3"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0b111101\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(bin(a | b))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 39,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "XMRP8x4WRqpF",
    "outputId": "b48f0cd1-34d0-40df-d759-b56de9e6e99f"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "-0b111101\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(bin(~a))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 40,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "_FDtNsu6Rqxj",
    "outputId": "2e2bdfe9-d2d5-4161-ba70-c3cd8b79be58"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0b110001\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(bin(a ^ b))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 41,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "yS5gDpwoRq6_",
    "outputId": "b79461ba-ceea-4c3c-f0e5-9e6b52db5a50"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0b11110000\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(bin(a << 2))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 42,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "pJtQbxwYRrDk",
    "outputId": "36874701-1f1b-48b5-8a25-7387791f7967"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0b1111\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(bin(a >> 2))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "mgVDeb-gT8Ka"
   },
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# entrada e saída"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 43,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 34
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "wUda8w1QUCec",
    "outputId": "6903f4f8-b8aa-4c89-f6de-26ef357c36e1"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Lista: [1, 2, 3]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(\"Lista: \" + str(lista))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 47,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 34
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "I3sg6opxULG7",
    "outputId": "fe7646be-56e5-456e-ca4a-fb95ae0cd878"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Digite aqui: 10\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = int(input('Digite aqui: '))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 48,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 34
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "jiE5UBnjUPFQ",
    "outputId": "14c6e024-efe9-4d27-ac72-e0bbc2fce503"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "int"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 48,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(x)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 46,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "int"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 46,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = int(x)\n",
    "type(x)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "5JfnauNkVEFZ"
   },
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# condicionais\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 49,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 34
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "ZxgwBDGUXXDY",
    "outputId": "e62fd284-6bfe-442d-bf72-3630c73c644f"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "a é igual a b\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = 3\n",
    "b = 3\n",
    "\n",
    "if(a > b):\n",
    "    print(\"a é maior que b\")\n",
    "elif(a < b):\n",
    "    print(\"a é menor que b\")\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print(\"a é igual a b\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "kI-7XE8CX7pr"
   },
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# loops\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 50,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "SuLKuLT2YAnM",
    "outputId": "11c02bde-008a-40b5-828d-bd365af8a7f1"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "4\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "i = 0\n",
    "while (i < 5):\n",
    "    print(i)\n",
    "    i+=1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 51,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "gAUkNu0NYIOt",
    "outputId": "48a21523-8f6e-466e-f0fb-bbbd863e7ccb"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "3\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for i in lista:\n",
    "    print(i)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 53,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "h8Metd1YYTXb",
    "outputId": "2499e002-bce1-4723-c5aa-fee132a2f12e"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2\n",
      "3\n",
      "4\n",
      "5\n",
      "6\n",
      "7\n",
      "8\n",
      "9\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for i in range(2, 10):  #[0,5) \n",
    "    print(i)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 54,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "83Rkxn1yZin-",
    "outputId": "0cec260e-24c2-47db-9eaf-449d9ee03b34"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "4\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "i=0\n",
    "while (i < 5):\n",
    "    if(i == 3):\n",
    "        i+=1\n",
    "        continue\n",
    "    print(i)\n",
    "    i+=1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 55,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "JVfpIGsEaB09",
    "outputId": "a622f029-5937-457b-d535-9c50bd5ba200"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "i=0\n",
    "while (i < 5):\n",
    "    if(i == 3):\n",
    "        break\n",
    "    print(i)\n",
    "    i+=1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 56,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "ALpp0fMMaVIl",
    "outputId": "07394135-4994-496f-f391-2d85e1d98ed6"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "0\n",
      "1\n",
      "2\n",
      "4\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "i=0\n",
    "while (i < 5):\n",
    "    if(i == 3):\n",
    "        pass\n",
    "        i+=1\n",
    "    print(i)\n",
    "    i+=1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "p8VCVmxNa8Ng"
   },
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# funções\n",
    "\n",
    "usa-se a palavra reservada def<br>\n",
    "usa-se a palavra lambda para uma função de único retorno<br>\n",
    "argumentos podem ser definidos ou requiridos<br>\n",
    "\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 57,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "MgpOZS50buEU",
    "outputId": "586c120b-9496-498c-a2e4-125c037a5701"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "3\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def soma (x, y):\n",
    "    return x+y\n",
    "\n",
    "print(soma(1,2))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 58,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "PSwXSRUNb2dU",
    "outputId": "4805b70a-7672-4ada-c63f-41a612ea5d88"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "6\n",
      "7\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def soma (x, y = 1):\n",
    "    return x+y\n",
    "\n",
    "print(soma(5))\n",
    "print(soma(5, y=2))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 59,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "_oR_34l8cSGp",
    "outputId": "e91ba57c-ac37-4979-df5a-239ff5e27e5d"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "4\n",
      "5\n",
      "ola\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "def varios_argumentos(*args):\n",
    "    for i in args:\n",
    "        print(i)\n",
    "\n",
    "varios_argumentos(4,5,'ola')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 60,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "Ga0y_NzUdo3y",
    "outputId": "07131973-bd60-4b08-aeba-e69997253499"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "3\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "soma_lambda = lambda x,y: x+y\n",
    "print(soma_lambda(1,2))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "f58eQk93c74m"
   },
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# funções matemáticas\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 61,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "T5mfO0mPe3qq",
    "outputId": "c263198e-e4d9-49c4-8491-a36c3aa20290"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 61,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "abs(-3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 63,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "iLH3gEORgDKs",
    "outputId": "42e23f25-c458-4ba8-a7da-1c73166a222f"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 63,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "min(3,1, 3, 7, 6, 0, 5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 64,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "wFI6yccRgC9R",
    "outputId": "4c3efe5f-07db-4181-fd68-5807ba47d618"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "8"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 64,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "max(5,8,1,2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 65,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "S2V-5FIOhQ64",
    "outputId": "84884afc-75c2-4755-fec0-db2875ad9253"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "6"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 65,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "round(6.5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "YtnX82B5hvNr"
   },
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "algumas funções do pacote math"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 66,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "cb4PWeeme4A7",
    "outputId": "4f3c1dd9-0d5e-4a0f-b179-ae710addaf05"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 66,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import math\n",
    "\n",
    "math.sqrt(9)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 67,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "UG0BizbGe4E2",
    "outputId": "2c99b4f9-1ea2-43bf-9b5e-21f484eb271e"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "(0.7999999999999998, 6.0)"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 67,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "math.modf(6.8)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 68,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "ao-FSrjMe4JQ",
    "outputId": "5e7ec3b5-e90d-4a66-c99a-de37823c1020"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "20.085536923187668"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 68,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "math.exp(3) #e³"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 69,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "cV7k0hrle4Lv",
    "outputId": "7a56f27f-efd6-4db1-abdb-6b9e8f2bd6c7"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 69,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "math.log(20.085536923187668) #ln"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 70,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "SpTLGd1Xe4PQ",
    "outputId": "3fcc26b3-7c8f-4b48-b7b1-5aa91aa02610"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "2.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 70,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "math.log10(100) #log"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 71,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "0SqpLjSphBpy",
    "outputId": "e6d98518-1b50-4e95-f1eb-d69284047a86"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "2.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 71,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "math.log2(4)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 72,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 72,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "math.sin(0)  #em radianos"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 73,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 73,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "math.cos(0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 74,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1.5574077246549023"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 74,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "math.tan(1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 77,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "VdBSGls8hOzN",
    "outputId": "eebca554-4a76-455e-e2a7-f55c499ce919"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "7"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 77,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "math.ceil(6.1) #arredonda para cima"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 78,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "b_MDJ36Uhjnh",
    "outputId": "ec60e2ca-3bc4-4838-d940-5c9b349e73cd"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "6"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 78,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "math.floor(6.9) #arrendonda para baixo"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "0WDP09BSh2ag"
   },
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "números aleatórios"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 79,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "pDHNB7OIh6qK",
    "outputId": "a135d808-14ee-412c-dd85-a44a1de739a1"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0.9297894531080511"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 79,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import random\n",
    "\n",
    "random.random() #entre 0 e 1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 81,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "-co2e0AQiaLh",
    "outputId": "d4799733-b8ca-47f7-a7f5-e38576921b73"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "2"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 81,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "random.choice(lista)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 83,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "VQjnzB4JiZ_F",
    "outputId": "12faad21-a9be-4778-fafc-b726364ed8c1"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "9"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 83,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "random.randrange(0, 10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 84,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "P-_jAH0kjCVr",
    "outputId": "d30cb820-9b72-4c44-dd44-b8198b89bd28"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3.509605420447522"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 84,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "random.gauss(3, 0.4) #media, desvio padrão"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 85,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Requirement already satisfied: numpy in /home/matheoxz/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages (1.18.4)\n",
      "Note: you may need to restart the kernel to use updated packages.\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "pip install numpy"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 86,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "EbZ09u9skSKm",
    "outputId": "5edd7f82-c24e-45f4-f24e-e30ea7e1eea4"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "array([6, 6, 1, 0, 4])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 86,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "np.random.randint(0,10,5)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "BSn5P5H9lS8T"
   },
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "constantes"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 87,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "xLVjU3qAlWo5",
    "outputId": "50db8c53-0727-414f-9f8e-3f27de530825"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3.141592653589793"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 87,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "math.pi"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 88,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "7UT3LOtulbWQ",
    "outputId": "8bb07689-ac43-47a4-9e4d-b4e4b2df8f12"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "2.718281828459045"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 88,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "math.e"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "a-iYotACk3GY"
   },
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "\n",
    "# strings"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 89,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {},
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "nKmewynfl3Hp"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "nome = \"Joãozinho\"  \n",
    "sobrenome = 'Pinheiro'\n",
    "texto = \"\"\"Este texto contém \n",
    "várias linhas\n",
    ":) \"\"\"\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 90,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "5LmoR8vLl5ux",
    "outputId": "7bccc105-61ed-4fe4-aeb4-fa6911de6f52"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Joãozinho Pinheiro'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 90,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "nome + \" \" + sobrenome"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 91,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "sw9hO8OemDF0",
    "outputId": "7d26d50b-dd58-4f67-b464-a1a554a5712f"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'JoãozinhoJoãozinhoJoãozinhoJoãozinhoJoãozinho'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 91,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "nome * 5"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 92,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "KRudt-UKmGrs",
    "outputId": "a9e2e166-b0dd-479a-cd1e-b76ed29c18f1"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'o'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 92,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "nome[3]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 93,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "fwoQ37_zmJn_",
    "outputId": "5d7b8843-d474-4d81-bab4-05c2e941d077"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'nh'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 93,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sobrenome[2:4]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 94,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "ahxLEoG8mQl3",
    "outputId": "48c09714-85eb-453b-acd7-9fee23692e71"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "5.248750e+05\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(\"%e\"%524875) #formatação cientifica"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 95,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "D2pdZToGmrRw",
    "outputId": "be597d90-68e6-4688-c326-1f9959571d00"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 95,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "'linhas' in texto"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 96,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "02gn1_gnmx6s",
    "outputId": "040e3dcc-20b3-4309-d3dc-97e8a2acce43"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "9"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 96,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "len(nome)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 98,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "ffoADN-Qm13r",
    "outputId": "81c67fc8-5c99-4c67-d3e0-e9c1650a97be"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "o nome Joãozinho tem 9 letras!\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(\"o nome \" + nome + \" tem \" + str(len(nome)) + \" letras!\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 99,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "O0-6Yh7bnpjS",
    "outputId": "ce84f1f6-0ea5-4765-84ea-b9e70390bfb7"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Teste'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 99,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a = 'teste'\n",
    "a.capitalize()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 100,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "4ILpESHvnpWH",
    "outputId": "676ca9b8-f0ec-4077-f381-31513592d2f5"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "TESTE\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "b = a.upper()\n",
    "print(b)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 101,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "-MmlxpxlnpOP",
    "outputId": "36a2388e-e1d3-4a7a-fc01-2a6aa099559b"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'teste'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 101,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "b.lower()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 103,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "2mAcr0n3no9p",
    "outputId": "9b0d07ca-9615-4a93-dab3-16d2ec30a016"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['teste', 'de', 'split']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 103,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "c = 'teste/de/split'\n",
    "c.split(\"/\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 105,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "RB8F_f6MnpgU",
    "outputId": "4a4013af-0bce-4bc5-be83-26966813d634"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "2"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 105,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.count('te')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 106,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "UOF9M2MunpdR",
    "outputId": "d218c29c-3b47-4b96-ccf1-bcfa5c44917c"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 106,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.find('te')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 107,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 107,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.rfind('te') #ultima ocorrencia da substring"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 108,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "xT_VYyaynpah",
    "outputId": "d07128d0-e576-44b2-bdb4-f81d81db38bf"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 108,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "a.index('te')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 109,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 0
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "w2lH24VNpHeT",
    "outputId": "4497befd-b949-427c-983b-39483bf751c8"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'t3st3/d3/split'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 109,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "c.replace('e', '3')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "ysyqHppepis7"
   },
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# listas\n",
    "são como vetores, mas de qualquer coisa"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 110,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {},
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "wHZgnWdFpwA_"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "lista = []"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 111,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 34
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "5jKUdAPypwcd",
    "outputId": "cf7c98b4-75d1-4cec-d226-7971e69c0a1d"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lista.append(1)\n",
    "print(lista)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 112,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 34
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "fphieS2IpwZk",
    "outputId": "0cc1d19f-6882-43f1-d258-6482bd188aa4"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 'dois']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lista.append(\"dois\")\n",
    "print(lista)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 113,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 34
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "hpotqfDssiBQ",
    "outputId": "588eda48-b1d1-47bd-a527-eab66d8dc5f7"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['zero', 1, 'dois']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lista.insert(0, 'zero')\n",
    "print(lista)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 114,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 34
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "q0WctENnqFOv",
    "outputId": "247798e2-96d2-4e21-8666-a37ae2b3f577"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 114,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "len(lista)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 115,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 34
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "b9UhhUuTqE-N",
    "outputId": "2899ffb9-963e-40c3-dccc-43a6baedfa32"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 115,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lista[1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 116,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 34
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "t4Vx_3NRrCUE",
    "outputId": "85ca7e9f-e12a-4890-b1d8-c1e65579d415"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'dois'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 116,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lista[-1]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 117,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 34
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "JHsw-Q8hqlK5",
    "outputId": "e8734e8c-13e8-45e9-96b0-66d9ffb5e127"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['zero', 1]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 117,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lista[0:2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 118,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[1, 'dois']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 118,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lista[1:57]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 119,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {},
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "FdJJL2xrqFHI"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "lista1 = [3, 4, 5, 'seis']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 120,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 34
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "ZGTJHXUdqvtV",
    "outputId": "ecb259a7-fcac-424c-f356-980bb09da6e3"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['zero', 1, 'dois', [3, 4, 5, 'seis']]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lista.append(lista1)\n",
    "print(lista)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 121,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[3, 4, 5, 'seis']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 121,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lista[3]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 122,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 122,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lista[3][0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 123,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 34
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "_OIdBp1nqFMJ",
    "outputId": "26cf8379-f969-4f04-d583-4d28840c2aa9"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[3, 4, 5, 'seis']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(lista.pop())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 124,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 34
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "6nPQAuwFqvwA",
    "outputId": "de73b3b9-7548-4cb7-fcc0-4906ca37440e"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['zero', 1, 'dois', 3, 4, 5, 'seis']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lista.extend(lista1)\n",
    "print(lista)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 125,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 34
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "3a2lGIw9qvyh",
    "outputId": "42b2f853-2333-4767-af89-ceb9c817577f"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['zero', 1, 3, 4, 5, 'seis']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "del lista[2]\n",
    "print(lista)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 126,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 34
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "WWAE3hAHtynp",
    "outputId": "10815b61-190a-4618-cd47-4d0b21323a78"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[13 14  7  8  9 13  6  6 10  5]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lista = np.random.randint(0,20, 10)\n",
    "print(lista)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 127,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 34
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "g9lVkzEpt99o",
    "outputId": "7b8f3583-6b99-4801-8413-c91ff47ce701"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[5, 6, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 13, 14]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 127,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(lista)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 128,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[14, 13, 13, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 6, 5]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 128,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(lista, reverse = True)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 130,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "lista_listas = [[1,2,4],['a'],[[1,2], [5, 7]]]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 131,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[['a'], [[1, 2], [5, 7]], [1, 2, 4]]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 131,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "sorted(lista_listas, key = len)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "list comprehension"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 133,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {
     "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
     "height": 34
    },
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "boyP9X-1255O",
    "outputId": "356eedc0-75cf-4c25-e746-a89abf3740f4"
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[2744, 512, 216, 216, 1000]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lista1 = [i**3 for i in lista if i%2 == 0]\n",
    "print(lista1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 134,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "4688\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(sum(lista1))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {
    "colab_type": "text",
    "id": "3EJXh5ms3P5y"
   },
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# tuplas\n",
    "\n",
    "os objetos são apresentados obrigatóriamente na ordem dada<br>\n",
    "a diferença entre tupla e lista está na imutabilidade da ordem dos objetos<br>\n",
    "ex.: par ordenado, inserção em banco de dados"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 140,
   "metadata": {
    "colab": {},
    "colab_type": "code",
    "id": "7_wCZLiD3lxx"
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "tupla = ('Joãozinho', 'Pinheiro', 20, (1,2))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 141,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Joãozinho'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 141,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "tupla[0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 142,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "('Joãozinho', 'Pinheiro')"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 142,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "tupla[0:2]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 143,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "tupla1 = ('Bauru', 'SP')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 144,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "('Joãozinho', 'Pinheiro', 20, (1, 2), 'Bauru', 'SP')\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "tupla2 = tupla + tupla1\n",
    "print(tupla2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 145,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "6"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 145,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "len(tupla2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 146,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "('oi', 'oi', 'oi', 'oi', 'oi')\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "tupla3 = ('oi',)*5    #note que mesmo com um único elemento há a necessidade de por a vírgula\n",
    "print(tupla3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 147,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "oi oi oi oi oi "
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for i in tupla3:\n",
    "    print(i, end = \" \")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 148,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "(13, 14, 7, 8, 9, 13, 6, 6, 10, 5)\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "lista = tuple(lista)\n",
    "print(lista)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# dicionários\n",
    "\n",
    "dicionários são listas onde nomeamos os índices<br>\n",
    "ex.: o índice 0 : 'Matheus' pode ser 'Nome':'Matheus'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 149,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'Nome': 'Joãozinho', 'Sobrenome': 'Pinheiro', 'Idade': 20, 'Cidade': 'Bauru', 'Estado': 'SP'}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "dicionario = {'Nome':'Joãozinho', 'Sobrenome':'Pinheiro', 'Idade':20, 'Cidade':'Bauru', 'Estado':'SP'}\n",
    "print(dicionario)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 150,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Joãozinho'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 150,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "dicionario['Nome']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 151,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "20"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 151,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "dicionario['Idade']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 152,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'Nome': 'Joãozinho', 'Sobrenome': 'Pinheiro', 'Idade': 20, 'Cidade': 'São Paulo', 'Estado': 'SP'}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "dicionario['Cidade'] = 'São Paulo'\n",
    "print(dicionario)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 153,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'Nome': 'Joãozinho', 'Sobrenome': 'Pinheiro', 'Idade': 20, 'Cidade': 'São Paulo'}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "del dicionario['Estado']\n",
    "print(dicionario)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 154,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "dict_keys(['Nome', 'Sobrenome', 'Idade', 'Cidade'])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 154,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "dicionario.keys()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 155,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "dict_values(['Joãozinho', 'Pinheiro', 20, 'São Paulo'])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 155,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "dicionario.values()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 156,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "dict_items([('Nome', 'Joãozinho'), ('Sobrenome', 'Pinheiro'), ('Idade', 20), ('Cidade', 'São Paulo')])"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 156,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "dicionario.items()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# sets\n",
    "\n",
    "sets são conjuntos onde os elementos não se repetem e não se mudam, ou seja, um set pode ter números, strings, booleanos e tuplas, mas não comporta listas e dicionários."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 158,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{0, 1, 2, 3, (1, 2), -7, -6}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "A = {1, 2, 3, 3, 0, 1, -6, -7, -7, (1,2)}\n",
    "print(A)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 159,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{0, 1, 2, 3, (1, 2), 'a', -7, -6}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "A.add('a')\n",
    "print(A)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 160,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{0, 1, 2, 3, (1, 2), 'a', 'b', 10, -7, -6}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "A.update([1, 'a', 'b', 10])\n",
    "print(A)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 161,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{0, 1, 2, 3, (1, 2), 'b', 10, -7, -6}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "A.discard('a')\n",
    "print(A)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 162,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{0, 1, 2, 3, (1, 2), 'b', -7, -6}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "A.remove(10)\n",
    "print(A)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 163,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 'b', 13, 14}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "B = set(lista)\n",
    "B.add('b')\n",
    "print(B)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 164,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{0, 1, 2, 3, (1, 2), 5, 6, 'b', 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, -7, -6}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(A|B)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 165,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{0, 1, 2, 3, (1, 2), 5, 6, 'b', 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, -7, -6}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(A.union(B))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 166,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'b'}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(A&B)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 170,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{'b'}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(A.intersection(B))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 169,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{0, 1, 2, 3, (1, 2), -7, -6}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(A-B)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 171,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(B.difference(A))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 172,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{0, 1, 2, 3, (1, 2), 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, -7, -6}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(A^B)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 173,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{0, 1, 2, 3, (1, 2), 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, -7, -6}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(A.symmetric_difference(B))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 174,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "True\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "C = {'b', -6}\n",
    "print(C.issubset(A))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 175,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "False\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(B.issuperset(C))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# frozen set\n",
    "\n",
    "set mas não pode ser alterado"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 176,
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "{0, 1, 2, 3, (1, 2), 'b', -7, -6}\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "A_frozen = frozenset(A)\n",
    "print(A)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 177,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "AttributeError",
     "evalue": "'frozenset' object has no attribute 'add'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m                            Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-177-31ee9356e592>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mA_frozen\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0madd\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m2\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mAttributeError\u001b[0m: 'frozenset' object has no attribute 'add'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "A_frozen.add(2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# ponteiros, shallow copy e deep copy\n",
    "\n",
    "ponteiros apontam para o endereço de memória"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 178,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 178,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = 3\n",
    "y = x\n",
    "\n",
    "x is y"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![title](img/ponteiro.png)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 179,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "3\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "y = 5\n",
    "print(x)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 180,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 180,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x is y"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![title](img/ponteiro2.png)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 181,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 181,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list1 = [1, 2, 3]\n",
    "list2 = list1\n",
    "list1 is list2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 182,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 2, 0]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list2[2] = 0\n",
    "print(list1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![title](img/lista2.png)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 183,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 2, 0]\n",
      "[1, 2, 'a']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#shallow copy\n",
    "list2 = list1[:]\n",
    "list2[2] = 'a'\n",
    "print(list1)\n",
    "print(list2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 186,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 2, ['c', 4]]\n",
      "['b', 2, ['c', 4]]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list1 = [1, 2, [3, 4]]\n",
    "list2 = list1[:]\n",
    "list2[0] = 'b'\n",
    "list2[2][0] = 'c'\n",
    "print(list1)\n",
    "print(list2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 185,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 185,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list1 is list2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 187,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 187,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list1[2][0] is list2[2][0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "![title](img/shallow.png)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 188,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 188,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#deepcopy\n",
    "from copy import deepcopy\n",
    "list1 = [1, 2, [3, 4, [5, 6]]]\n",
    "list2 = deepcopy(list1)\n",
    "list2 is list1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 189,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 2, [3, 4, [5, 6]]]\n",
      "[1, 2, [3, 0, [5, 6]]]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list2[2][1] = 0\n",
    "print(list1)\n",
    "print(list2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 190,
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[1, 2, [3, 4, [5, 6]]]\n",
      "[1, 2, [3, 0, ['a', 6]]]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "list2[2][2][0] = 'a'\n",
    "print(list1)\n",
    "print(list2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# arquivos"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 209,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arquivo = open('arquivo_teste.txt', 'r+')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 210,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'arquivo_teste.txt'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 210,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "arquivo.name"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 211,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'r+'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 211,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "arquivo.mode"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 212,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "False"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 212,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "arquivo.closed"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 213,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'olá\\neu sou um arquivo\\n1 2  3 4 5 6\\n'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 213,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "arquivo.read()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 214,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 214,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "arquivo.readlines()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 215,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "12"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 215,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "arquivo.write(\"Python é top\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 216,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "49"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 216,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "arquivo.tell()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 217,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 217,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "arquivo.seek(0,0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 218,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 218,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "arquivo.tell()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 219,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "['olá\\n', 'eu sou um arquivo\\n', '1 2  3 4 5 6\\n', 'Python é top']"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 219,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "arquivo.readlines()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 220,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arquivo.close()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 221,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "True"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 221,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "arquivo.closed"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# diretórios"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 222,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import os\n",
    "os.mkdir('Novo_Diretório')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 223,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "os.chdir('Novo_Diretório')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 224,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'/home/matheoxz/Documents/CurtoCircuitoPython/Novo_Diretório'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 224,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "os.getcwd()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 225,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arquivo = open('arquivo.txt', 'w')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 226,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "10"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 226,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "arquivo.write('aaaaaaaaaa')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 227,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "arquivo.close()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 228,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "os.rename('arquivo.txt', 'arq.bat')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 229,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "os.remove('arq.bat')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# datas"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 231,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "from datetime import datetime as dt"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 232,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2020-06-04 19:13:37.757625\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "agr = dt.now()\n",
    "print(agr)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 233,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2020\n",
      "6\n",
      "4\n",
      "19\n",
      "13\n",
      "37\n",
      "757625\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(agr.year)\n",
    "print(agr.month)\n",
    "print(agr.day)\n",
    "print(agr.hour)\n",
    "print(agr.minute)\n",
    "print(agr.second)\n",
    "print(agr.microsecond)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 235,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Thu'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 235,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "agr.strftime('%a')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 236,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Jun'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 236,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "agr.strftime('%b')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 210,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Thu Jun  4 14:09:40 2020'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 210,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "agr.strftime('%c')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 211,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'06/04/20'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 211,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "agr.strftime('%x')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 212,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'14:09:40'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 212,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "agr.strftime('%X')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 238,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'04 do 06 de 20'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 238,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "agr.strftime('%d do %m de %y')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# classes e objetos"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 240,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class Inseto:\n",
    "    pernas = 6 \n",
    "    \n",
    "    def __init__(self, nome):\n",
    "        self.nome = nome\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def caminhar(self):\n",
    "        return self.nome + ' está caminhando com suas ' + str(self.pernas) + ' perninhas'\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def comer(self):\n",
    "        return self.nome +' está comendo'\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def voar(self):\n",
    "        return self.nome + ' está voando'\n",
    "    "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 241,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "inseto = Inseto('Joaozinho')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 242,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "__main__.Inseto"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 242,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "type(inseto)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 243,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Joaozinho'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 243,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "inseto.nome"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 244,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "inseto.nome = 'Marcio'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 245,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Marcio'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 245,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "inseto.nome"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 246,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Marcio está caminhando com suas 6 perninhas'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 246,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "inseto.caminhar()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 247,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Marcio está voando'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 247,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "inseto.voar()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 248,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class Formiga(Inseto):\n",
    "    \n",
    "    __formigueiro = '100KXP'\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def __init__(self, nome):\n",
    "        super().__init__(nome)\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def buscar_doce(self):\n",
    "        return self.nome + ' procura doces'\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def formigueiro(self):\n",
    "        return self.nome + ' vive no formigueiro ' + self.__formigueiro\n",
    "    \n",
    "    def voar(self):\n",
    "        return self.nome + ' não pode voar'\n",
    "    "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 249,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "formiga = Formiga('Antonia')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 250,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Antonia procura doces'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 250,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "formiga.buscar_doce()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 251,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Antonia está caminhando com suas 6 perninhas'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 251,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "formiga.caminhar()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 252,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "formiga.__formigueiro = 'XP55'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 253,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Antonia vive no formigueiro 100KXP'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 253,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "formiga.formigueiro()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 254,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'Antonia não pode voar'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 254,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "formiga.voar()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# sobrecarga de operadores"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 255,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "class Ponto:\n",
    "    def __init__(self, x, y):\n",
    "        self.x = x\n",
    "        self.y = y\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def __str__(self):\n",
    "        return '({},{})'.format(self.x, self.y)\n",
    "        \n",
    "    def __add__(self, other):\n",
    "        x = self.x + other.x\n",
    "        y = self.y + other.y\n",
    "        return Ponto(x,y)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 256,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "(4,6)\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "p1 = Ponto(1,2)\n",
    "p2 = Ponto(3,4)\n",
    "\n",
    "print(str(p1+p2))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "| operador | sobrecarga   |\n",
    "|------|------ |\n",
    "|   +  | \\__add__ |\n",
    "|   -  | \\__sub__|\n",
    "|   *  | \\__mul__|\n",
    "|   /  | \\__truediv__|\n",
    "|   **  | \\__pow__|\n",
    "|   //  | \\__floordiv__|\n",
    "|   %  | \\__mod__|\n",
    "|   >  | \\__gt__|\n",
    "|   <  | \\__lt__|\n",
    "|   ==  | \\__eq__|\n",
    "|   !=  | \\__ne__|\n",
    "|   >=  | \\__ge__|\n",
    "|   <=  | \\__le__|\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# tratamento de exceções"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 257,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def divisao(a,b):\n",
    "    try:\n",
    "        div = a/b\n",
    "    except:\n",
    "        print('Divisão por zero')\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        return div"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 258,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0.5"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 258,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "divisao(1,2)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 260,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Divisão por zero\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "divisao(2,0)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# decorators\n",
    "maneira de envolver uma função com outra, definindo seu comportamento\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import time\n",
    "\n",
    "# Define nosso decorator\n",
    "def calcula_duracao(funcao):\n",
    "    def wrapper():\n",
    "        # Calcula o tempo de execução\n",
    "        tempo_inicial = time.time()\n",
    "        funcao()\n",
    "        tempo_final = time.time()\n",
    "\n",
    "        # Formata a mensagem que será mostrada na tela\n",
    "        print(\"[{funcao}] Tempo total de execução: {tempo_total}\".format(\n",
    "            funcao=funcao.__name__, #__name__ é um metadado da função que será englobada\n",
    "            tempo_total=str(tempo_final - tempo_inicial))\n",
    "        )\n",
    "\n",
    "    return wrapper\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Decora a função com o decorator\n",
    "@calcula_duracao\n",
    "def main():\n",
    "    for n in range(0, 10000000):\n",
    "        pass\n",
    "    \n",
    "#é a mesma coisa que chamar calcula_duracao(main()), o @ é apenas syntactic sugar"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[main] Tempo total de execução: 0.171034574508667\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "main()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# generators\n",
    "permite que a função funcione como um iterator (ou seja, que uma função possa ser usada num loop)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def contador(n):\n",
    "    for i in range(n):\n",
    "        yield i"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = contador(10)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "next(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "1"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 11,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "next(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "3"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 13,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "next(a)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "4\n",
      "5\n",
      "6\n",
      "7\n",
      "8\n",
      "9\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for x in a:\n",
    "    print(x)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def cont():\n",
    "    print(\"sou um contador estranho\")\n",
    "    x = 9\n",
    "    yield x\n",
    "    x /= 10\n",
    "    yield x\n",
    "    x *= 5\n",
    "    yield x\n",
    "    x += 0.5\n",
    "    yield x\n",
    "    x -= 5\n",
    "    yield x"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "sou um contador estranho\n",
      "9\n",
      "0.9\n",
      "4.5\n",
      "5.0\n",
      "0.0\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for j in cont():\n",
    "    print(j)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# enumerate"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 265,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "lista_enumerada = enumerate(lista)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 266,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[(0, 13), (1, 14), (2, 7), (3, 8), (4, 9), (5, 13), (6, 6), (7, 6), (8, 10), (9, 5)]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(list(lista_enumerada))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# map"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 267,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "lista_map = map(np.sqrt, lista)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 268,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[3.605551275463989, 3.7416573867739413, 2.6457513110645907, 2.8284271247461903, 3.0, 3.605551275463989, 2.449489742783178, 2.449489742783178, 3.1622776601683795, 2.23606797749979]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(list(lista_map))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# reduce"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 269,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import functools\n",
    "import operator\n",
    "soma_lista = functools.reduce(operator.mul, lista)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 270,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "2146435200\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(soma_lista)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# filter"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 271,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "lista_filtrada = filter(lambda x: x>5, lista)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 272,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[13, 14, 7, 8, 9, 13, 6, 6, 10]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(list(lista_filtrada))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# zip"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 273,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "a = ('a', 'b', 'c')\n",
    "b = ('1', '2', '3', '4')\n",
    "\n",
    "lista_zip = zip(a, b)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 274,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[('a', '1'), ('b', '2'), ('c', '3')]\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(list(lista_zip))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "\n",
    "# matplotlib\n",
    "\n",
    "```\n",
    "pip install matplotlib\n",
    "```"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 257,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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\n",
      "text/plain": [
       "<Figure size 432x288 with 1 Axes>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {
      "needs_background": "light"
     },
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
    "\n",
    "x = sorted(np.random.randint(-10, 10, 2000))\n",
    "y = [i**3 for i in x]\n",
    "\n",
    "plt.plot(x, y)\n",
    "plt.show()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 258,
   "metadata": {
    "scrolled": true
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "image/png": 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aQJ2j0s943w/8UZIjwP8AW1fwN8g6YHfm//DOG4DbquqrSf4cmK2qPcz/APyHJPuAF5j/Jlqp+hnvHye5hPk7tl4APjCxasdkFZ/f4xr2HPvRCpLUiCamdCRJBr4kNcPAl6RGGPiS1AgDX5IaYeBLUiMMfElqxP8Brew60jMFE/8AAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
      "text/plain": [
       "<Figure size 432x288 with 1 Axes>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {
      "needs_background": "light"
     },
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "x = [random.gauss(3, 0.4) for i in range (1000)]\n",
    "plt.hist(x)\n",
    "plt.show()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "\n",
    "# chatterbot\n",
    "\n",
    "```\n",
    "pip install chatterbot\n",
    "```\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "\r",
      "List Trainer: [#####               ] 25%"
     ]
    },
    {
     "name": "stderr",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "[nltk_data] Downloading package stopwords to\n",
      "[nltk_data]     /home/matheoxz/nltk_data...\n",
      "[nltk_data]   Package stopwords is already up-to-date!\n",
      "[nltk_data] Downloading package averaged_perceptron_tagger to\n",
      "[nltk_data]     /home/matheoxz/nltk_data...\n",
      "[nltk_data]   Package averaged_perceptron_tagger is already up-to-\n",
      "[nltk_data]       date!\n"
     ]
    },
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "List Trainer: [####################] 100%\n",
      "List Trainer: [####################] 100%\n",
      "Você: oi\n",
      "Bot: olá\n",
      "Você: tudo bem?\n",
      "Bot: tudo e com você?\n",
      "Você: tbm\n",
      "Bot: tudo e com você?\n",
      "Você: tbm\n",
      "Bot: tbm\n",
      "Você: tudo e com você?\n",
      "Bot: até mais!\n",
      "Você: tchau\n",
      "Bot: até mais!\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "from chatterbot.trainers import ListTrainer\n",
    "from chatterbot import ChatBot\n",
    "\n",
    "bot = ChatBot('Joãozinho')\n",
    "\n",
    "chat = ['oi', 'olá', 'tudo bem?', 'tudo e com você?']\n",
    "chat2 = ['tchau', 'até mais!']\n",
    "trainer = ListTrainer(bot)\n",
    "trainer.train(chat)\n",
    "trainer.train(chat2)\n",
    "\n",
    "while (True):\n",
    "    quest = input(\"Você: \")\n",
    "    resposta = bot.get_response(quest)\n",
    "    print('Bot: ' + str(resposta))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "# fim\n",
    "```\n",
    "exit()\n",
    "```"
   ]
  }
 ],
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  "colab": {
   "name": "Python.ipynb",
   "provenance": [],
   "toc_visible": true
  },
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "Python 3",
   "language": "python",
   "name": "python3"
  },
  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": {
    "name": "ipython",
    "version": 3
   },
   "file_extension": ".py",
   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
   "name": "python",
   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
   "version": "3.8.2"
  }
 },
 "nbformat": 4,
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}