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dance.js
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// Dance.js 0.1.0 (based on Backbone.s 0.9.2)
// (c) 2012 Michael Aufreiter, Development Seed.
// Dance may be freely distributed under the MIT license.
// Large parts of Dance.js are borrowed from Backbone.js
// For all details and documentation:
// http://substance.io/michael/dance-js
(function(){
// Initial Setup
// -------------
// Save a reference to the global object (`window` in the browser, `global`
// on the server).
var root = this;
// Save the previous value of the `Dance` variable, so that it can be
// restored later on, if `noConflict` is used.
var previousDance = root.Dance;
// The top-level namespace. All public Dance classes and modules will
// be attached to this. Exported for both CommonJS and the browser.
var Dance;
if (typeof exports !== 'undefined') {
Dance = exports;
} else {
Dance = root.Dance = {};
}
// Current version of the library. Keep in sync with `package.json`.
Dance.VERSION = '0.1.1';
// Require Underscore, if we're on the server, and it's not already present.
var _ = root._;
if (!_ && (typeof require !== 'undefined')) _ = require('underscore');
// For Dance's purposes, jQuery, Zepto, or Ender owns the `$` variable.
var $ = root.jQuery || root.Zepto || root.ender;
// Set the JavaScript library that will be used for DOM manipulation and
// Ajax calls (a.k.a. the `$` variable). By default Dance will use: jQuery,
// Zepto, or Ender; but the `setDomLibrary()` method lets you inject an
// alternate JavaScript library (or a mock library for testing your views
// outside of a browser).
Dance.setDomLibrary = function(lib) {
$ = lib;
};
// Runs Dance.js in *noConflict* mode, returning the `Dance` variable
// to its previous owner. Returns a reference to this Dance object.
Dance.noConflict = function() {
root.Dance = previousDance;
return this;
};
// Dance.Choreographer
// -------------------
// Choreographers map faux-URLs to actions, and fire events when routes are
// matched. Creating a new one sets its `routes` hash, if not set statically.
var Choreographer = Dance.Choreographer = function(options) {
options || (options = {});
if (options.routes) this.routes = options.routes;
this._bindRoutes();
this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
};
// Cached regular expressions for matching named param parts and splatted
// parts of route strings.
var namedParam = /:\w+/g;
var splatParam = /\*\w+/g;
var escapeRegExp = /[-[\]{}()+?.,\\^$|#\s]/g;
// Set up all inheritable **Dance.Choreographer** properties and methods.
_.extend(Choreographer.prototype, _.Events, {
// Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own
// initialization logic.
initialize: function(){},
// Manually bind a single named route to a callback. For example:
//
// this.route('search/:query/p:num', 'search', function(query, num) {
// ...
// });
//
route: function(route, name, callback) {
Dance.performance || (Dance.performance = new Performance);
if (!_.isRegExp(route)) route = this._routeToRegExp(route);
if (!callback) callback = this[name];
Dance.performance.route(route, _.bind(function(fragment) {
var args = this._extractParameters(route, fragment);
callback && callback.apply(this, args);
this.trigger.apply(this, ['route:' + name].concat(args));
Dance.performance.trigger('route', this, name, args);
}, this));
return this;
},
// Simple proxy to `Dance.performance` to save a fragment into the history.
navigate: function(fragment, options) {
Dance.performance.navigate(fragment, options);
},
// Bind all defined routes to `Dance.performance`. We have to reverse the
// order of the routes here to support behavior where the most general
// routes can be defined at the bottom of the route map.
_bindRoutes: function() {
if (!this.routes) return;
var routes = [];
for (var route in this.routes) {
routes.unshift([route, this.routes[route]]);
}
for (var i = 0, l = routes.length; i < l; i++) {
this.route(routes[i][0], routes[i][1], this[routes[i][1]]);
}
},
// Convert a route string into a regular expression, suitable for matching
// against the current location hash.
_routeToRegExp: function(route) {
route = route.replace(escapeRegExp, '\\$&')
.replace(namedParam, '([^\/]+)')
.replace(splatParam, '(.*?)');
return new RegExp('^' + route + '$');
},
// Given a route, and a URL fragment that it matches, return the array of
// extracted parameters.
_extractParameters: function(route, fragment) {
return route.exec(fragment).slice(1);
}
});
// Dance.Performance
// ----------------
// Handles cross-browser history management, based on URL fragments. If the
// browser does not support `onhashchange`, falls back to polling.
var Performance = Dance.Performance = function() {
this.handlers = [];
_.bindAll(this, 'checkUrl');
};
// Cached regex for cleaning leading hashes and slashes .
var routeStripper = /^[#\/]/;
// Cached regex for detecting MSIE.
var isExplorer = /msie [\w.]+/;
// Has the history handling already been started?
Performance.started = false;
// Set up all inheritable **Dance.Performance** properties and methods.
_.extend(Performance.prototype, _.Events, {
// The default interval to poll for hash changes, if necessary, is
// twenty times a second.
interval: 50,
// Gets the true hash value. Cannot use location.hash directly due to bug
// in Firefox where location.hash will always be decoded.
getHash: function(windowOverride) {
var loc = windowOverride ? windowOverride.location : window.location;
var match = loc.href.match(/#(.*)$/);
return match ? match[1] : '';
},
// Get the cross-browser normalized URL fragment, either from the URL,
// the hash, or the override.
getFragment: function(fragment, forcePushState) {
if (fragment == null) {
if (this._hasPushState || forcePushState) {
fragment = window.location.pathname;
var search = window.location.search;
if (search) fragment += search;
} else {
fragment = this.getHash();
}
}
if (!fragment.indexOf(this.options.root)) fragment = fragment.substr(this.options.root.length);
return fragment.replace(routeStripper, '');
},
// Start the hash change handling, returning `true` if the current URL matches
// an existing route, and `false` otherwise.
start: function(options) {
if (Performance.started) throw new Error("Dance.Performance has already been started");
Performance.started = true;
// Figure out the initial configuration. Do we need an iframe?
// Is pushState desired ... is it available?
this.options = _.extend({}, {root: '/'}, this.options, options);
this._wantsHashChange = this.options.hashChange !== false;
this._wantsPushState = !!this.options.pushState;
this._hasPushState = !!(this.options.pushState && window.history && window.history.pushState);
var fragment = this.getFragment();
var docMode = document.documentMode;
var oldIE = (isExplorer.exec(navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase()) && (!docMode || docMode <= 7));
if (oldIE) {
this.iframe = $('<iframe src="javascript:0" tabindex="-1" />').hide().appendTo('body')[0].contentWindow;
this.navigate(fragment);
}
// Depending on whether we're using pushState or hashes, and whether
// 'onhashchange' is supported, determine how we check the URL state.
if (this._hasPushState) {
$(window).bind('popstate', this.checkUrl);
} else if (this._wantsHashChange && ('onhashchange' in window) && !oldIE) {
$(window).bind('hashchange', this.checkUrl);
} else if (this._wantsHashChange) {
this._checkUrlInterval = setInterval(this.checkUrl, this.interval);
}
// Determine if we need to change the base url, for a pushState link
// opened by a non-pushState browser.
this.fragment = fragment;
var loc = window.location;
var atRoot = loc.pathname == this.options.root;
// If we've started off with a route from a `pushState`-enabled browser,
// but we're currently in a browser that doesn't support it...
if (this._wantsHashChange && this._wantsPushState && !this._hasPushState && !atRoot) {
this.fragment = this.getFragment(null, true);
window.location.replace(this.options.root + '#' + this.fragment);
// Return immediately as browser will do redirect to new url
return true;
// Or if we've started out with a hash-based route, but we're currently
// in a browser where it could be `pushState`-based instead...
} else if (this._wantsPushState && this._hasPushState && atRoot && loc.hash) {
this.fragment = this.getHash().replace(routeStripper, '');
window.history.replaceState({}, document.title, loc.protocol + '//' + loc.host + this.options.root + this.fragment);
}
if (!this.options.silent) {
return this.loadUrl();
}
},
// Disable Dance.performance, perhaps temporarily. Not useful in a real app,
// but possibly useful for unit testing Choreographers.
stop: function() {
$(window).unbind('popstate', this.checkUrl).unbind('hashchange', this.checkUrl);
clearInterval(this._checkUrlInterval);
Performance.started = false;
},
// Add a route to be tested when the fragment changes. Routes added later
// may override previous routes.
route: function(route, callback) {
this.handlers.unshift({route: route, callback: callback});
},
// Checks the current URL to see if it has changed, and if it has,
// calls `loadUrl`, normalizing across the hidden iframe.
checkUrl: function(e) {
var current = this.getFragment();
if (current == this.fragment && this.iframe) current = this.getFragment(this.getHash(this.iframe));
if (current == this.fragment) return false;
if (this.iframe) this.navigate(current);
this.loadUrl() || this.loadUrl(this.getHash());
},
// Attempt to load the current URL fragment. If a route succeeds with a
// match, returns `true`. If no defined routes matches the fragment,
// returns `false`.
loadUrl: function(fragmentOverride) {
var fragment = this.fragment = this.getFragment(fragmentOverride);
var matched = _.any(this.handlers, function(handler) {
if (handler.route.test(fragment)) {
handler.callback(fragment);
return true;
}
});
return matched;
},
// Save a fragment into the hash history, or replace the URL state if the
// 'replace' option is passed. You are responsible for properly URL-encoding
// the fragment in advance.
//
// The options object can contain `trigger: true` if you wish to have the
// route callback be fired (not usually desirable), or `replace: true`, if
// you wish to modify the current URL without adding an entry to the history.
navigate: function(fragment, options) {
if (!Performance.started) return false;
if (!options || options === true) options = {trigger: options};
var frag = (fragment || '').replace(routeStripper, '');
if (this.fragment == frag) return;
// If pushState is available, we use it to set the fragment as a real URL.
if (this._hasPushState) {
if (frag.indexOf(this.options.root) != 0) frag = this.options.root + frag;
this.fragment = frag;
window.history[options.replace ? 'replaceState' : 'pushState']({}, document.title, frag);
// If hash changes haven't been explicitly disabled, update the hash
// fragment to store history.
} else if (this._wantsHashChange) {
this.fragment = frag;
this._updateHash(window.location, frag, options.replace);
if (this.iframe && (frag != this.getFragment(this.getHash(this.iframe)))) {
// Opening and closing the iframe tricks IE7 and earlier to push a history entry on hash-tag change.
// When replace is true, we don't want this.
if(!options.replace) this.iframe.document.open().close();
this._updateHash(this.iframe.location, frag, options.replace);
}
// If you've told us that you explicitly don't want fallback hashchange-
// based history, then `navigate` becomes a page refresh.
} else {
window.location.assign(this.options.root + fragment);
}
if (options.trigger) this.loadUrl(fragment);
},
// Update the hash location, either replacing the current entry, or adding
// a new one to the browser history.
_updateHash: function(location, fragment, replace) {
if (replace) {
location.replace(location.toString().replace(/(javascript:|#).*$/, '') + '#' + fragment);
} else {
location.hash = fragment;
}
}
});
// Dance.Performer
// -------------
// Creating a Dance.Performer creates its initial element outside of the DOM,
// if an existing element is not provided...
var Performer = Dance.Performer = function(options) {
this.cid = _.uniqueId('view');
this._configure(options || {});
this._ensureElement();
this.data = {};
this.previousData = {};
this.initialize.apply(this, arguments);
this.delegateEvents();
};
// Cached regex to split keys for `delegate`.
var delegateEventSplitter = /^(\S+)\s*(.*)$/;
// List of view options to be merged as properties.
var viewOptions = ['model', 'collection', 'el', 'id', 'attributes', 'className', 'tagName'];
// Set up all inheritable **Dance.Performer** properties and methods.
_.extend(Performer.prototype, _.Events, {
// The default `tagName` of a Performer's element is `"div"`.
tagName: 'div',
// jQuery delegate for element lookup, scoped to DOM elements within the
// current view. This should be prefered to global lookups where possible.
$: function(selector) {
return this.$el.find(selector);
},
// Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own
// initialization logic.
initialize: function(){},
// Triggered when data has changed
refresh: function() {
_.each(this.collections, _.bind(function(collection, key) {
if (this.previousData[key]) {
collection.enter.call(this, this.data[key].difference(this.previousData[key]));
collection.update.call(this, this.previousData[key].intersect(this.data[key]));
collection.exit.call(this, this.previousData[key].difference(this.data[key]));
} else {
collection.enter.call(this, this.data[key]);
}
// Clone collection
this.previousData[key] = Data.Collection.create(this.data[key].type, this.data[key].objects);
}, this));
},
// **render** is the core function that your view should override, in order
// to populate its element (`this.el`), with the appropriate HTML. The
// convention is for **render** to always return `this`.
render: function() {
return this;
},
// Remove this view from the DOM. Note that the view isn't present in the
// DOM by default, so calling this method may be a no-op.
remove: function() {
this.$el.remove();
return this;
},
// For small amounts of DOM Elements, where a full-blown template isn't
// needed, use **make** to manufacture elements, one at a time.
//
// var el = this.make('li', {'class': 'row'}, this.model.escape('title'));
//
make: function(tagName, attributes, content) {
var el = document.createElement(tagName);
if (attributes) $(el).attr(attributes);
if (content) $(el).html(content);
return el;
},
// Change the view's element (`this.el` property), including event
// re-delegation.
setElement: function(element, delegate) {
if (this.$el) this.undelegateEvents();
this.$el = (element instanceof $) ? element : $(element);
this.el = this.$el[0];
if (delegate !== false) this.delegateEvents();
return this;
},
// Set callbacks, where `this.events` is a hash of
//
// *{"event selector": "callback"}*
//
// {
// 'mousedown .title': 'edit',
// 'click .button': 'save'
// 'click .open': function(e) { ... }
// }
//
// pairs. Callbacks will be bound to the view, with `this` set properly.
// Uses event delegation for efficiency.
// Omitting the selector binds the event to `this.el`.
// This only works for delegate-able events: not `focus`, `blur`, and
// not `change`, `submit`, and `reset` in Internet Explorer.
delegateEvents: function(events) {
if (!(events || (events = getValue(this, 'events')))) return;
this.undelegateEvents();
for (var key in events) {
var method = events[key];
if (!_.isFunction(method)) method = this[events[key]];
if (!method) throw new Error('Method "' + events[key] + '" does not exist');
var match = key.match(delegateEventSplitter);
var eventName = match[1], selector = match[2];
method = _.bind(method, this);
eventName += '.delegateEvents' + this.cid;
if (selector === '') {
this.$el.bind(eventName, method);
} else {
this.$el.delegate(selector, eventName, method);
}
}
},
// Clears all callbacks previously bound to the view with `delegateEvents`.
// You usually don't need to use this, but may wish to if you have multiple
// Dance views attached to the same DOM element.
undelegateEvents: function() {
this.$el.unbind('.delegateEvents' + this.cid);
},
// Performs the initial configuration of a Performer with a set of options.
// Keys with special meaning *(model, collection, id, className)*, are
// attached directly to the view.
_configure: function(options) {
if (this.options) options = _.extend({}, this.options, options);
for (var i = 0, l = viewOptions.length; i < l; i++) {
var attr = viewOptions[i];
if (options[attr]) this[attr] = options[attr];
}
this.options = options;
},
// Ensure that the Performer has a DOM element to render into.
// If `this.el` is a string, pass it through `$()`, take the first
// matching element, and re-assign it to `el`. Otherwise, create
// an element from the `id`, `className` and `tagName` properties.
_ensureElement: function() {
if (!this.el) {
var attrs = getValue(this, 'attributes') || {};
if (this.id) attrs.id = this.id;
if (this.className) attrs['class'] = this.className;
this.setElement(this.make(this.tagName, attrs), false);
} else {
this.setElement(this.el, false);
}
}
});
// The self-propagating extend function that Dance classes use.
var extend = function (protoProps, classProps) {
var child = inherits(this, protoProps, classProps);
child.extend = this.extend;
return child;
};
// Set up inheritance for the model, collection, and view.
Choreographer.extend = Performer.extend = extend;
// Wrap an optional error callback with a fallback error event.
Dance.wrapError = function(onError, originalModel, options) {
return function(model, resp) {
resp = model === originalModel ? resp : model;
if (onError) {
onError(originalModel, resp, options);
} else {
originalModel.trigger('error', originalModel, resp, options);
}
};
};
// Helpers
// -------
// Shared empty constructor function to aid in prototype-chain creation.
var ctor = function(){};
// Helper function to correctly set up the prototype chain, for subclasses.
// Similar to `goog.inherits`, but uses a hash of prototype properties and
// class properties to be extended.
var inherits = function(parent, protoProps, staticProps) {
var child;
// The constructor function for the new subclass is either defined by you
// (the "constructor" property in your `extend` definition), or defaulted
// by us to simply call the parent's constructor.
if (protoProps && protoProps.hasOwnProperty('constructor')) {
child = protoProps.constructor;
} else {
child = function(){ parent.apply(this, arguments); };
}
// Inherit class (static) properties from parent.
_.extend(child, parent);
// Set the prototype chain to inherit from `parent`, without calling
// `parent`'s constructor function.
ctor.prototype = parent.prototype;
child.prototype = new ctor();
// Add prototype properties (instance properties) to the subclass,
// if supplied.
if (protoProps) _.extend(child.prototype, protoProps);
// Add static properties to the constructor function, if supplied.
if (staticProps) _.extend(child, staticProps);
// Correctly set child's `prototype.constructor`.
child.prototype.constructor = child;
// Set a convenience property in case the parent's prototype is needed later.
child.__super__ = parent.prototype;
return child;
};
// Helper function to get a value from a Dance object as a property
// or as a function.
var getValue = function(object, prop) {
if (!(object && object[prop])) return null;
return _.isFunction(object[prop]) ? object[prop]() : object[prop];
};
// Throw an error when a URL is needed, and none is supplied.
var urlError = function() {
throw new Error('A "url" property or function must be specified');
};
}).call(this);