class.json-api-endpoints.php

<?php

require_once( dirname( __FILE__ ) . '/json-api-config.php' );

// Endpoint
abstract class WPCOM_JSON_API_Endpoint {
	// The API Object
	var $api;

	var $pass_wpcom_user_details = false;
	var $can_use_user_details_instead_of_blog_membership = false;

	// One liner.
	var $description;

	// Object Grouping For Documentation (Users, Posts, Comments)
	var $group;

	// Stats extra value to bump
	var $stat;

	// HTTP Method
	var $method = 'GET';

	// Minimum version of the api for which to serve this endpoint
	var $min_version = '0';

	// Maximum version of the api for which to serve this endpoint
	var $max_version = WPCOM_JSON_API__CURRENT_VERSION;

	// Path at which to serve this endpoint: sprintf() format.
	var $path = '';

	// Identifiers to fill sprintf() formatted $path
	var $path_labels = array();

	// Accepted query parameters
	var $query = array(
		// Parameter name
		'context' => array(
			// Default value => description
			'display' => 'Formats the output as HTML for display.  Shortcodes are parsed, paragraph tags are added, etc..',
			// Other possible values => description
			'edit'    => 'Formats the output for editing.  Shortcodes are left unparsed, significant whitespace is kept, etc..',
		),
		'http_envelope' => array(
			'false' => '',
			'true'  => 'Some environments (like in-browser Javascript or Flash) block or divert responses with a non-200 HTTP status code.  Setting this parameter will force the HTTP status code to always be 200.  The JSON response is wrapped in an "envelope" containing the "real" HTTP status code and headers.',
		),
		'pretty' => array(
			'false' => '',
			'true'  => 'Output pretty JSON',
		),
		'meta' => "(string) Optional. Loads data from the endpoints found in the 'meta' part of the response. Comma-separated list. Example: meta=site,likes",
		'fields' => '(string) Optional. Returns specified fields only. Comma-separated list. Example: fields=ID,title',
		// Parameter name => description (default value is empty)
		'callback' => '(string) An optional JSONP callback function.',
	);

	// Response format
	var $response_format = array();

	// Request format
	var $request_format = array();

	// Is this endpoint still in testing phase?  If so, not available to the public.
	var $in_testing = false;

	// Is this endpoint still allowed if the site in question is flagged?
	var $allowed_if_flagged = false;

	/**
	 * @var string Version of the API
	 */
	var $version = '';

	/**
	 * @var string Example request to make
	 */
	var $example_request = '';

	/**
	 * @var string Example request data (for POST methods)
	 */
	var $example_request_data = '';

	/**
	 * @var string Example response from $example_request
	 */
	var $example_response = '';

	/**
	 * @var bool Set to true if the endpoint implements its own filtering instead of the standard `fields` query method
	 */
	var $custom_fields_filtering = false;

	/**
	 * @var bool Set to true if the endpoint accepts all cross origin requests
	 *    You probably should not set this flag. If you are thinking of setting it,
	 *    then discuss it with someone:
	 *       http://operationapi.wordpress.com/2014/06/25/patch-allowing-endpoints-to-do-cross-origin-requests/
	 */
	var $allow_cross_origin_request = false;

	function __construct( $args ) {
		$defaults = array(
			'in_testing'           => false,
			'allowed_if_flagged'   => false,
			'description'          => '',
			'group'	               => '',
			'method'               => 'GET',
			'path'                 => '/',
			'min_version'          => '0',
			'max_version'          => WPCOM_JSON_API__CURRENT_VERSION,
			'force'	               => '',
			'deprecated'           => false,
			'new_version'          => WPCOM_JSON_API__CURRENT_VERSION,
			'jp_disabled'          => false,
			'path_labels'          => array(),
			'request_format'       => array(),
			'response_format'      => array(),
			'query_parameters'     => array(),
			'version'              => 'v1',
			'example_request'      => '',
			'example_request_data' => '',
			'example_response'     => '',
			'required_scope'       => '',
			'pass_wpcom_user_details' => false,
			'can_use_user_details_instead_of_blog_membership' => false,
			'custom_fields_filtering' => false,
			'allow_cross_origin_request' => false,
		);

		$args = wp_parse_args( $args, $defaults );

		$this->in_testing  = $args['in_testing'];

		$this->allowed_if_flagged = $args['allowed_if_flagged'];

		$this->description = $args['description'];
		$this->group       = $args['group'];
		$this->stat        = $args['stat'];
		$this->force	   = $args['force'];
		$this->jp_disabled = $args['jp_disabled'];

		$this->method      = $args['method'];
		$this->path        = $args['path'];
		$this->path_labels = $args['path_labels'];
		$this->min_version = $args['min_version'];
		$this->max_version = $args['max_version'];
		$this->deprecated  = $args['deprecated'];
		$this->new_version = $args['new_version'];

		$this->pass_wpcom_user_details = $args['pass_wpcom_user_details'];
		$this->custom_fields_filtering = (bool) $args['custom_fields_filtering'];
		$this->can_use_user_details_instead_of_blog_membership = $args['can_use_user_details_instead_of_blog_membership'];

		$this->allow_cross_origin_request = (bool) $args['allow_cross_origin_request'];

		$this->version     = $args['version'];

		$this->required_scope = $args['required_scope'];

		if ( $this->request_format ) {
			$this->request_format = array_filter( array_merge( $this->request_format, $args['request_format'] ) );
		} else {
			$this->request_format = $args['request_format'];
		}

		if ( $this->response_format ) {
			$this->response_format = array_filter( array_merge( $this->response_format, $args['response_format'] ) );
		} else {
			$this->response_format = $args['response_format'];
		}

		if ( false === $args['query_parameters'] ) {
			$this->query = array();
		} elseif ( is_array( $args['query_parameters'] ) ) {
			$this->query = array_filter( array_merge( $this->query, $args['query_parameters'] ) );
		}

		$this->api = WPCOM_JSON_API::init(); // Auto-add to WPCOM_JSON_API

		/** Example Request/Response ******************************************/

		// Examples for endpoint documentation request
		$this->example_request      = $args['example_request'];
		$this->example_request_data = $args['example_request_data'];
		$this->example_response     = $args['example_response'];

		$this->api->add( $this );
	}

	// Get all query args.  Prefill with defaults
	function query_args( $return_default_values = true, $cast_and_filter = true ) {
		$args = array_intersect_key( $this->api->query, $this->query );

		if ( !$cast_and_filter ) {
			return $args;
		}

		return $this->cast_and_filter( $args, $this->query, $return_default_values );
	}

	// Get POST body data
	function input( $return_default_values = true, $cast_and_filter = true ) {
		$input = trim( $this->api->post_body );
		$content_type = $this->api->content_type;
		if ( $content_type ) {
			list ( $content_type ) = explode( ';', $content_type );
		}
		$content_type = trim( $content_type );
		switch ( $content_type ) {
		case 'application/json' :
		case 'application/x-javascript' :
		case 'text/javascript' :
		case 'text/x-javascript' :
		case 'text/x-json' :
		case 'text/json' :
			$return = json_decode( $input, true );

			if ( function_exists( 'json_last_error' ) ) {
				if ( JSON_ERROR_NONE !== json_last_error() ) {
					return null;
				}
			} else {
				if ( is_null( $return ) && json_encode( null ) !== $input ) {
					return null;
				}
			}

			break;
		case 'multipart/form-data' :
			$return = array_merge( stripslashes_deep( $_POST ), $_FILES );
			break;
		case 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded' :
			//attempt JSON first, since probably a curl command
			$return = json_decode( $input, true );

			if ( is_null( $return ) ) {
				wp_parse_str( $input, $return );
			}

			break;
		default :
			wp_parse_str( $input, $return );
			break;
		}

		if ( !$cast_and_filter ) {
			return $return;
		}

		return $this->cast_and_filter( $return, $this->request_format, $return_default_values );
	}

	function cast_and_filter( $data, $documentation, $return_default_values = false, $for_output = false ) {
		$return_as_object = false;
		if ( is_object( $data ) ) {
			// @todo this should probably be a deep copy if $data can ever have nested objects
			$data = (array) $data;
			$return_as_object = true;
		} elseif ( !is_array( $data ) ) {
			return $data;
		}

		$boolean_arg = array( 'false', 'true' );
		$naeloob_arg = array( 'true', 'false' );

		$return = array();

		foreach ( $documentation as $key => $description ) {
			if ( is_array( $description ) ) {
				// String or boolean array keys only
				$whitelist = array_keys( $description );

				if ( $whitelist === $boolean_arg || $whitelist === $naeloob_arg ) {
					// Truthiness
					if ( isset( $data[$key] ) ) {
						$return[$key] = (bool) WPCOM_JSON_API::is_truthy( $data[$key] );
					} elseif ( $return_default_values ) {
						$return[$key] = $whitelist === $naeloob_arg; // Default to true for naeloob_arg and false for boolean_arg.
					}
				} elseif ( isset( $data[$key] ) && isset( $description[$data[$key]] ) ) {
					// String Key
					$return[$key] = (string) $data[$key];
				} elseif ( $return_default_values ) {
					// Default value
					$return[$key] = (string) current( $whitelist );
				}

				continue;
			}

			$types = $this->parse_types( $description );
			$type = array_shift( $types );

			// Explicit default - string and int only for now.  Always set these reguardless of $return_default_values
			if ( isset( $type['default'] ) ) {
				if ( !isset( $data[$key] ) ) {
					$data[$key] = $type['default'];
				}
			}

			if ( !isset( $data[$key] ) ) {
				continue;
			}

			$this->cast_and_filter_item( $return, $type, $key, $data[$key], $types, $for_output );
		}

		if ( $return_as_object ) {
			return (object) $return;
		}

		return $return;
	}

	/**
	 * Casts $value according to $type.
	 * Handles fallbacks for certain values of $type when $value is not that $type
	 * Currently, only handles fallback between string <-> array (two way), from string -> false (one way), and from object -> false (one way)
	 *
	 * Handles "child types" - array:URL, object:category
	 * array:URL means an array of URLs
	 * object:category means a hash of categories
	 *
	 * Handles object typing - object>post means an object of type post
	 */
	function cast_and_filter_item( &$return, $type, $key, $value, $types = array(), $for_output = false ) {
		if ( is_string( $type ) ) {
			$type = compact( 'type' );
		}

		switch ( $type['type'] ) {
		case 'false' :
			$return[$key] = false;
			break;
		case 'url' :
			$return[$key] = (string) esc_url_raw( $value );
			break;
		case 'string' :
			// Fallback string -> array
			if ( is_array( $value ) ) {
				if ( !empty( $types[0] ) ) {
					$next_type = array_shift( $types );
					return $this->cast_and_filter_item( $return, $next_type, $key, $value, $types, $for_output );
				}
			}

			// Fallback string -> false
			if ( !is_string( $value ) ) {
				if ( !empty( $types[0] ) && 'false' === $types[0]['type'] ) {
					$next_type = array_shift( $types );
					return $this->cast_and_filter_item( $return, $next_type, $key, $value, $types, $for_output );
				}
			}
			$return[$key] = (string) $value;
			break;
		case 'html' :
			$return[$key] = (string) $value;
			break;
		case 'safehtml' :
			$return[$key] = wp_kses( (string) $value, wp_kses_allowed_html() );
			break;
		case 'media' :
			if ( is_array( $value ) ) {
				if ( isset( $value['name'] ) ) {
					// It's a $_FILES array
					// Reformat into array of $_FILES items

					$files = array();
					foreach ( $value['name'] as $k => $v ) {
						$files[$k] = array();
						foreach ( array_keys( $value ) as $file_key ) {
							$files[$k][$file_key] = $value[$file_key][$k];
						}
					}

					$return[$key] = $files;
				}
				break;
			} else {
				// no break - treat as 'array'
			}
			// nobreak
		case 'array' :
			// Fallback array -> string
			if ( is_string( $value ) ) {
				if ( !empty( $types[0] ) ) {
					$next_type = array_shift( $types );
					return $this->cast_and_filter_item( $return, $next_type, $key, $value, $types, $for_output );
				}
			}

			if ( isset( $type['children'] ) ) {
				$children = array();
				foreach ( (array) $value as $k => $child ) {
					$this->cast_and_filter_item( $children, $type['children'], $k, $child, array(), $for_output );
				}
				$return[$key] = (array) $children;
				break;
			}

			$return[$key] = (array) $value;
			break;
		case 'iso 8601 datetime' :
		case 'datetime' :
			// (string)s
			$dates = $this->parse_date( (string) $value );
			if ( $for_output ) {
				$return[$key] = $this->format_date( $dates[1], $dates[0] );
			} else {
				list( $return[$key], $return["{$key}_gmt"] ) = $dates;
			}
			break;
		case 'float' :
			$return[$key] = (float) $value;
			break;
		case 'int' :
		case 'integer' :
			$return[$key] = (int) $value;
			break;
		case 'bool' :
		case 'boolean' :
			$return[$key] = (bool) WPCOM_JSON_API::is_truthy( $value );
			break;
		case 'object' :
			// Fallback object -> false
			if ( is_scalar( $value ) || is_null( $value ) ) {
				if ( !empty( $types[0] ) && 'false' === $types[0]['type'] ) {
					return $this->cast_and_filter_item( $return, 'false', $key, $value, $types, $for_output );
				}
			}

			if ( isset( $type['children'] ) ) {
				$children = array();
				foreach ( (array) $value as $k => $child ) {
					$this->cast_and_filter_item( $children, $type['children'], $k, $child, array(), $for_output );
				}
				$return[$key] = (object) $children;
				break;
			}

			if ( isset( $type['subtype'] ) ) {
				return $this->cast_and_filter_item( $return, $type['subtype'], $key, $value, $types, $for_output );
			}

			$return[$key] = (object) $value;
			break;
		case 'post' :
			$return[$key] = (object) $this->cast_and_filter( $value, $this->post_object_format, false, $for_output );
			break;
		case 'comment' :
			$return[$key] = (object) $this->cast_and_filter( $value, $this->comment_object_format, false, $for_output );
			break;
		case 'tag' :
		case 'category' :
			$docs = array(
				'ID'					=> '(int)',
				'name'        => '(string)',
				'slug'        => '(string)',
				'description' => '(HTML)',
				'post_count'  => '(int)',
				'meta'        => '(object)',
			);
			if ( 'category' === $type['type'] ) {
				$docs['parent'] = '(int)';
			}
			$return[$key] = (object) $this->cast_and_filter( $value, $docs, false, $for_output );
			break;
		case 'post_reference' :
		case 'comment_reference' :
			$docs = array(
				'ID'   => '(int)',
				'type' => '(string)',
				'title' => '(string)',
				'link' => '(URL)',
			);
			$return[$key] = (object) $this->cast_and_filter( $value, $docs, false, $for_output );
			break;
		case 'geo' :
			$docs = array(
				'latitude'  => '(float)',
				'longitude' => '(float)',
				'address'   => '(string)',
			);
			$return[$key] = (object) $this->cast_and_filter( $value, $docs, false, $for_output );
			break;
		case 'author' :
			$docs = array(
				'ID'          => '(int)',
				'user_login'  => '(string)',
				'email'       => '(string|false)',
				'name'        => '(string)',
				'URL'         => '(URL)',
				'avatar_URL'  => '(URL)',
				'profile_URL' => '(URL)',
			);
			$return[$key] = (object) $this->cast_and_filter( $value, $docs, false, $for_output );
			break;
		case 'attachment' :
			$docs = array(
				'ID'        => '(int)',
				'URL'       => '(URL)',
				'guid'      => '(string)',
				'mime_type' => '(string)',
				'width'     => '(int)',
				'height'    => '(int)',
				'duration'  => '(int)',
			);
			$return[$key] = (object) $this->cast_and_filter( $value, apply_filters( 'wpcom_json_api_attachment_cast_and_filter', $docs ), false, $for_output );
			break;
		case 'metadata' :
			$docs = array(
				'id'       => '(int)',
				'key'       => '(string)',
				'value'     => '(string|false|float|int|array|object)',
				'previous_value' => '(string)',
				'operation'  => '(string)',
			);
			$return[$key] = (object) $this->cast_and_filter( $value, apply_filters( 'wpcom_json_api_attachment_cast_and_filter', $docs ), false, $for_output );
			break;
		case 'plugin' :
			$docs = array(
				'id'          => '(safehtml) The plugin\'s ID',
				'slug'        => '(safehtml) The plugin\'s Slug',
				'active'      => '(boolean)  The plugin status.',
				'update'      => '(object)   The plugin update info.',
				'name'        => '(safehtml) The name of the plugin.',
				'plugin_url'  => '(url)      Link to the plugin\'s web site.',
				'version'     => '(safehtml) The plugin version number.',
				'description' => '(safehtml) Description of what the plugin does and/or notes from the author',
				'author'      => '(safehtml) The plugin author\'s name',
				'author_url'  => '(url)      The plugin author web site address',
				'network'     => '(boolean)  Whether the plugin can only be activated network wide.',
				'autoupdate'  => '(boolean)  Whether the plugin is auto updated',
				'log'         => '(array:safehtml) An array of update log strings.',
			);
			$return[$key] = (object) $this->cast_and_filter( $value, apply_filters( 'wpcom_json_api_plugin_cast_and_filter', $docs ), false, $for_output );
			break;
		case 'jetpackmodule' :
			$docs = array(
				'id'          => '(string)   The module\'s ID',
				'active'      => '(boolean)  The module\'s status.',
				'name'        => '(string)   The module\'s name.',
				'description' => '(safehtml) The module\'s description.',
				'sort'        => '(int)      The module\'s display order.',
				'introduced'  => '(string)   The Jetpack version when the module was introduced.',
				'changed'     => '(string)   The Jetpack version when the module was changed.',
				'free'        => '(boolean)  The module\'s Free or Paid status.',
				'module_tags' => '(array)    The module\'s tags.'
			);
			$return[$key] = (object) $this->cast_and_filter( $value, apply_filters( 'wpcom_json_api_plugin_cast_and_filter', $docs ), false, $for_output );
			break;

		default :
			$method_name = $type['type'] . '_docs';
			if ( method_exists( WPCOM_JSON_API_Jetpack_Overrides, $method_name ) ) {
				$docs = WPCOM_JSON_API_Jetpack_Overrides::$method_name();
			}

			if ( ! empty( $docs ) ) {
				$return[$key] = (object) $this->cast_and_filter( $value, apply_filters( 'wpcom_json_api_plugin_cast_and_filter', $docs ), false, $for_output );
			} else {
				trigger_error( "Unknown API casting type {$type['type']}", E_USER_WARNING );
			}
		}
	}

	function parse_types( $text ) {
		if ( !preg_match( '#^\(([^)]+)\)#', ltrim( $text ), $matches ) ) {
			return 'none';
		}

		$types = explode( '|', strtolower( $matches[1] ) );
		$return = array();
		foreach ( $types as $type ) {
			foreach ( array( ':' => 'children', '>' => 'subtype', '=' => 'default' ) as $operator => $meaning ) {
				if ( false !== strpos( $type, $operator ) ) {
					$item = explode( $operator, $type, 2 );
					$return[] = array( 'type' => $item[0], $meaning => $item[1] );
					continue 2;
				}
			}
			$return[] = compact( 'type' );
		}

		return $return;
	}

	/**
 	 * Checks if the endpoint is publicly displayable
 	 */
	function is_publicly_documentable() {
		return '__do_not_document' !== $this->group && true !== $this->in_testing;
	}

	/**
	 * Auto generates documentation based on description, method, path, path_labels, and query parameters.
	 * Echoes HTML.
	 */
	function document( $show_description = true ) {
		$original_post = isset( $GLOBALS['post'] ) ? $GLOBALS['post'] : 'unset';
		unset( $GLOBALS['post'] );

		$doc = $this->generate_documentation();

		if ( $show_description ) :
?>
<caption>
	<h1><?php echo wp_kses_post( $doc['method'] ); ?> <?php echo wp_kses_post( $doc['path_labeled'] ); ?></h1>
	<p><?php echo wp_kses_post( $doc['description'] ); ?></p>
</caption>

<?php endif; ?>

<?php if ( true === $this->deprecated ) { ?>
<p><strong>This endpoint is deprecated in favor of version <?php echo floatval( $this->new_version ); ?></strong></p>
<?php } ?>

<section class="resource-url">
	<h2 id="apidoc-resource-url">Resource URL</h2>
	<table class="api-doc api-doc-resource-parameters api-doc-resource">
		<thead>
			<tr>
				<th class="api-index-title" scope="column">Type</th>
				<th class="api-index-title" scope="column">URL and Format</th>
			</tr>
		</thead>
		<tbody>
			<tr class="api-index-item">
				<th scope="row" class="parameter api-index-item-title"><?php echo wp_kses_post( $doc['method'] ); ?></th>
				<?php
				$version = WPCOM_JSON_API__CURRENT_VERSION;
				if ( !empty( $this->max_version ) ) {
					$version = $this->max_version;
				}
				?>
				<td class="type api-index-item-title" style="white-space: nowrap;">https://public-api.wordpress.com/rest/v<?php echo floatval( $version ); ?><?php echo wp_kses_post( $doc['path_labeled'] ); ?></td>
			</tr>
		</tbody>
	</table>
</section>

<?php

		foreach ( array(
			'path'     => 'Method Parameters',
			'query'    => 'Query Parameters',
			'body'     => 'Request Parameters',
			'response' => 'Response Parameters',
		) as $doc_section_key => $label ) :
			$doc_section = 'response' === $doc_section_key ? $doc['response']['body'] : $doc['request'][$doc_section_key];
			if ( !$doc_section ) {
				continue;
			}

			$param_label = strtolower( str_replace( ' ', '-', $label ) );
?>

<section class="<?php echo $param_label; ?>">

<h2 id="apidoc-<?php echo esc_attr( $doc_section_key ); ?>"><?php echo wp_kses_post( $label ); ?></h2>

<table class="api-doc api-doc-<?php echo $param_label; ?>-parameters api-doc-<?php echo strtolower( str_replace( ' ', '-', $doc['group'] ) ); ?>">

<thead>
	<tr>
		<th class="api-index-title" scope="column">Parameter</th>
		<th class="api-index-title" scope="column">Type</th>
		<th class="api-index-title" scope="column">Description</th>
	</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>

<?php foreach ( $doc_section as $key => $item ) : ?>

	<tr class="api-index-item">
		<th scope="row" class="parameter api-index-item-title"><?php echo wp_kses_post( $key ); ?></th>
		<td class="type api-index-item-title"><?php echo wp_kses_post( $item['type'] ); // @todo auto-link? ?></td>
		<td class="description api-index-item-body"><?php

		$this->generate_doc_description( $item['description'] );

		?></td>
	</tr>

<?php endforeach; ?>
</tbody>
</table>
</section>
<?php endforeach; ?>

<?php
		// If no example was hardcoded in the doc, try to get some
		if ( empty( $this->example_response ) ) {

			// Examples for endpoint documentation response
			$response_key  = 'dev_example_response_' . $this->version . '_' . $this->method . '_' . sanitize_key( $this->path );
			$response_body = wp_cache_get( $response_key );

			// Response doesn't exist, so run the request
			if ( false === $response_body ) {

				// Only trust GET request
				if ( 'GET' === $this->method ) {
					$response      = wp_remote_get( $this->example_request );
					$response_body = wp_remote_retrieve_body( $response );

					// Only cache if there's a result
					if ( ! is_wp_error( $response ) && strlen( $response_body ) ) {
						wp_cache_set( $response_key, $response_body );
					} else {
						wp_cache_delete( $response_key );
					}
				}
			}

		// Example response was passed into the constructor via params
		} else {
			$response_body = $this->example_response;
		}

		// Wrap the response in a sourcecode shortcode
		if ( !empty( $response_body ) && !is_wp_error( $response ) ) {
			$response_body = '[sourcecode language="javascript" wraplines="false" light="true" autolink="false" htmlscript="false"]' . $response_body . '[/sourcecode]';
			$response_body = apply_filters( 'the_content', $response_body );
			$this->example_response = $response_body;
		}

		$curl = 'curl';

		$php_opts = array( 'ignore_errors' => true );

		if ( 'GET' !== $this->method ) {
			$php_opts['method'] = $this->method;
		}

		if ( $this->example_request_data ) {
			if ( isset( $this->example_request_data['headers'] ) && is_array( $this->example_request_data['headers'] ) ) {
				$php_opts['header'] = array();
				foreach ( $this->example_request_data['headers'] as $header => $value ) {
					$curl .= " \\\n -H " . escapeshellarg( "$header: $value" );
					$php_opts['header'][] = "$header: $value";
				}
			}

			if ( isset( $this->example_request_data['body'] ) && is_array( $this->example_request_data['body'] ) ) {
				$php_opts['content'] = $this->example_request_data['body'];
				$php_opts['header'][] = 'Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded';
				foreach ( $this->example_request_data['body'] as $key => $value ) {
					$curl .= " \\\n --data-urlencode " . escapeshellarg( "$key=$value" );
				}
			}
		}

		if ( $php_opts ) {
			$php_opts_exported = var_export( array( 'http' => $php_opts ), true );
			if ( !empty( $php_opts['content'] ) ) {
				$content_exported = preg_quote( var_export( $php_opts['content'], true ), '/' );
				$content_exported = '\\s*' . str_replace( "\n", "\n\\s*", $content_exported ) . '\\s*';
				$php_opts_exported = preg_replace_callback( "/$content_exported/", array( $this, 'add_http_build_query_to_php_content_example' ), $php_opts_exported );
			}
			$php = <<<EOPHP
<?php

\$options  = $php_opts_exported;

\$context  = stream_context_create( \$options );
\$response = file_get_contents(
  '$this->example_request',
  false,
  \$context
);
\$response = json_decode( \$response );

?>
EOPHP;
		} else {
			$php = <<<EOPHP
<?php

\$response = file_get_contents( '$this->example_request' );
\$response = json_decode( \$response );

?>
EOPHP;
		}

		if ( false !== strpos( $curl, "\n" ) ) {
			$curl .= " \\\n";
		}

		$curl .= ' ' . escapeshellarg( $this->example_request );

		$curl = '[sourcecode language="bash" wraplines="false" light="true" autolink="false" htmlscript="false"]' . $curl . '[/sourcecode]';
		$curl = apply_filters( 'the_content', $curl );

		$php = '[sourcecode language="php" wraplines="false" light="true" autolink="false" htmlscript="false"]' . $php . '[/sourcecode]';
		$php = apply_filters( 'the_content', $php );
?>

<?php if ( ! empty( $this->example_request ) || ! empty( $this->example_request_data ) || ! empty( $this->example_response ) ) : ?>

	<section class="example-response">
		<h2 id="apidoc-example">Example</h2>

		<section>
			<h3>cURL</h3>
			<?php echo wp_kses_post( $curl ); ?>
		</section>

		<section>
			<h3>PHP</h3>
			<?php echo wp_kses_post( $php ); ?>
		</section>

		<?php if ( ! empty( $this->example_response ) ) : ?>

			<section>
				<h3>Response Body</h3>
				<?php echo $this->example_response; ?>
			</section>

		<?php endif; ?>

	</section>

<?php endif; ?>

<?php
		if ( 'unset' !== $original_post ) {
			$GLOBALS['post'] = $original_post;
		}
	}

	function add_http_build_query_to_php_content_example( $matches ) {
		$trimmed_match = ltrim( $matches[0] );
		$pad = substr( $matches[0], 0, -1 * strlen( $trimmed_match ) );
		$pad = ltrim( $pad, ' ' );
		$return = '  ' . str_replace( "\n", "\n  ", $matches[0] );
		return " http_build_query({$return}{$pad})";
	}

	/**
	 * Recursively generates the <dl>'s to document item descriptions.
	 * Echoes HTML.
	 */
	function generate_doc_description( $item ) {
		if ( is_array( $item ) ) : ?>

		<dl>
<?php			foreach ( $item as $description_key => $description_value ) : ?>

			<dt><?php echo wp_kses_post( $description_key . ':' ); ?></dt>
			<dd><?php $this->generate_doc_description( $description_value ); ?></dd>

<?php			endforeach; ?>

		</dl>

<?php
		else :
			echo wp_kses_post( $item );
		endif;
	}

	/**
	 * Auto generates documentation based on description, method, path, path_labels, and query parameters.
	 * Echoes HTML.
	 */
	function generate_documentation() {
		$format       = str_replace( '%d', '%s', $this->path );
		$path_labeled = vsprintf( $format, array_keys( $this->path_labels ) );
		$boolean_arg  = array( 'false', 'true' );
		$naeloob_arg  = array( 'true', 'false' );

		$doc = array(
			'description'  => $this->description,
			'method'       => $this->method,
			'path_format'  => $this->path,
			'path_labeled' => $path_labeled,
			'group'        => $this->group,
			'request' => array(
				'path'  => array(),
				'query' => array(),
				'body'  => array(),
			),
			'response' => array(
				'body' => array(),
			)
		);

		foreach ( array( 'path_labels' => 'path', 'query' => 'query', 'request_format' => 'body', 'response_format' => 'body' ) as $_property => $doc_item ) {
			foreach ( (array) $this->$_property as $key => $description ) {
				if ( is_array( $description ) ) {
					$description_keys = array_keys( $description );
					if ( $boolean_arg === $description_keys || $naeloob_arg === $description_keys ) {
						$type = '(bool)';
					} else {
						$type = '(string)';
					}

					if ( 'response_format' !== $_property ) {
						// hack - don't show "(default)" in response format
						reset( $description );
						$description_key = key( $description );
						$description[$description_key] = "(default) {$description[$description_key]}";
					}
				} else {
					$types   = $this->parse_types( $description );
					$type    = array();
					$default = '';

					if ( 'none' == $types ) {
						$types = array();
						$types[]['type'] = 'none';
					}

					foreach ( $types as $type_array ) {
						$type[] = $type_array['type'];
						if ( isset( $type_array['default'] ) ) {
							$default = $type_array['default'];
							if ( 'string' === $type_array['type'] ) {
								$default = "'$default'";
							}
						}
					}
					$type = '(' . join( '|', $type ) . ')';
					$noop = ''; // skip an index in list below
					list( $noop, $description ) = explode( ')', $description, 2 );
					$description = trim( $description );
					if ( $default ) {
						$description .= " Default: $default.";
					}
				}

				$item = compact( 'type', 'description' );

				if ( 'response_format' === $_property ) {
					$doc['response'][$doc_item][$key] = $item;
				} else {
					$doc['request'][$doc_item][$key] = $item;
				}
			}
		}

		return $doc;
	}

	function user_can_view_post( $post_id ) {
		$post = get_post( $post_id );
		if ( !$post || is_wp_error( $post ) ) {
			return false;
		}

		if ( 'inherit' === $post->post_status ) {
			$parent_post = get_post( $post->post_parent );
			$post_status_obj = get_post_status_object( $parent_post->post_status );
		} else {
			$post_status_obj = get_post_status_object( $post->post_status );
		}

		if ( !$post_status_obj->public ) {
			if ( is_user_logged_in() ) {
				if ( $post_status_obj->protected ) {
					if ( !current_user_can( 'edit_post', $post->ID ) ) {
						return new WP_Error( 'unauthorized', 'User cannot view post', 403 );
					}
				} elseif ( $post_status_obj->private ) {
					if ( !current_user_can( 'read_post', $post->ID ) ) {
						return new WP_Error( 'unauthorized', 'User cannot view post', 403 );
					}
				} elseif ( 'trash' === $post->post_status ) {
					if ( !current_user_can( 'edit_post', $post->ID ) ) {
						return new WP_Error( 'unauthorized', 'User cannot view post', 403 );
					}
				} elseif ( 'auto-draft' === $post->post_status ) {
					//allow auto-drafts
				} else {
					return new WP_Error( 'unauthorized', 'User cannot view post', 403 );
				}
			} else {
				return new WP_Error( 'unauthorized', 'User cannot view post', 403 );
			}
		}

		if ( -1 == get_option( 'blog_public' ) && ! apply_filters( 'wpcom_json_api_user_can_view_post', current_user_can( 'read_post', $post->ID ), $post ) ) {
			return new WP_Error( 'unauthorized', 'User cannot view post', array( 'status_code' => 403, 'error' => 'private_blog' ) );
		}

		if ( strlen( $post->post_password ) && !current_user_can( 'edit_post', $post->ID ) ) {
			return new WP_Error( 'unauthorized', 'User cannot view password protected post', array( 'status_code' => 403, 'error' => 'password_protected' ) );
		}

		return true;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns author object.
	 *
	 * @param $author user ID, user row, WP_User object, comment row, post row
	 * @param $show_email output the author's email address?
	 *
	 * @return (object)
	 */
	function get_author( $author, $show_email = false ) {
		if ( isset( $author->comment_author_email ) && !$author->user_id ) {
			$ID          = 0;
			$login       = '';
			$email       = $author->comment_author_email;
			$name        = $author->comment_author;
			$URL         = $author->comment_author_url;
			$profile_URL = 'http://en.gravatar.com/' . md5( strtolower( trim( $email ) ) );
			$nice        = '';
			$site_id     = -1;

			// Comment author URLs and Emails are sent through wp_kses() on save, which replaces "&" with "&amp;"
			// "&" is the only email/URL character altered by wp_kses()
			foreach ( array( 'email', 'URL' ) as $field ) {
				$$field = str_replace( '&amp;', '&', $$field );
			}
		} else {
			if ( isset( $author->post_author ) ) {
				// then $author is a Post Object.
				if ( 0 == $author->post_author )
					return null;
				$is_jetpack = true === apply_filters( 'is_jetpack_site', false, get_current_blog_id() );
				$post_id = $author->ID;
				if ( $is_jetpack ) {
					$ID    = get_post_meta( $post_id, '_jetpack_post_author_external_id', true );
					$email = get_post_meta( $post_id, '_jetpack_author_email', true );
					$login = '';
					$name  = get_post_meta( $post_id, '_jetpack_author', true );
					$URL   = '';
					$nice  = '';
				} else {
					$author = $author->post_author;
				}
			} elseif ( isset( $author->user_id ) && $author->user_id ) {
				$author = $author->user_id;
			} elseif ( isset( $author->user_email ) ) {
				$author = $author->ID;
			}

			if ( ! isset( $ID ) ) {
				$user = get_user_by( 'id', $author );
				if ( ! $user || is_wp_error( $user ) ) {
					trigger_error( 'Unknown user', E_USER_WARNING );

					return null;
				}
				$ID    = $user->ID;
				$email = $user->user_email;
				$login = $user->user_login;
				$name  = $user->display_name;
				$URL   = $user->user_url;
				$nice  = $user->user_nicename;
			}
			if ( defined( 'IS_WPCOM' ) && IS_WPCOM && ! $is_jetpack ) {
				$active_blog = get_active_blog_for_user( $ID );
				$site_id     = $active_blog->blog_id;
				$profile_URL = "http://en.gravatar.com/{$login}";
			} else {
				$profile_URL = 'http://en.gravatar.com/' . md5( strtolower( trim( $email ) ) );
				$site_id     = -1;
			}
		}

		$avatar_URL = $this->api->get_avatar_url( $email );

		$email = $show_email ? (string) $email : false;

		$author = array(
			'ID'          => (int) $ID,
			'login'       => (string) $login,
			'email'       => $email, // (string|bool)
			'name'        => (string) $name,
			'nice_name'   => (string) $nice,
			'URL'         => (string) esc_url_raw( $URL ),
			'avatar_URL'  => (string) esc_url_raw( $avatar_URL ),
			'profile_URL' => (string) esc_url_raw( $profile_URL ),
		);

		if ($site_id > -1) {
			$author['site_ID'] = (int) $site_id;
		}

		return (object) $author;
	}

	function get_media_item( $media_id ) {
		$media_item = get_post( $media_id );

		if ( !$media_item || is_wp_error( $media_item ) )
			return new WP_Error( 'unknown_media', 'Unknown Media', 404 );

		$response = array(
			'id'    => strval( $media_item->ID ),
			'date' =>  (string) $this->format_date( $media_item->post_date_gmt, $media_item->post_date ),
			'parent'           => $media_item->post_parent,
			'link'             => wp_get_attachment_url( $media_item->ID ),
			'title'            => $media_item->post_title,
			'caption'          => $media_item->post_excerpt,
			'description'      => $media_item->post_content,
			'metadata'         => wp_get_attachment_metadata( $media_item->ID ),
		);

		if ( defined( 'IS_WPCOM' ) && IS_WPCOM && is_array( $response['metadata'] ) && ! empty( $response['metadata']['file'] ) ) {
			remove_filter( '_wp_relative_upload_path', 'wpcom_wp_relative_upload_path', 10 );
			$response['metadata']['file'] = _wp_relative_upload_path( $response['metadata']['file'] );
			add_filter( '_wp_relative_upload_path', 'wpcom_wp_relative_upload_path', 10, 2 );
		}

		$response['meta'] = (object) array(
			'links' => (object) array(
				'self' => (string) $this->get_media_link( $this->api->get_blog_id_for_output(), $media_id ),
				'help' => (string) $this->get_media_link( $this->api->get_blog_id_for_output(), $media_id, 'help' ),
				'site' => (string) $this->get_site_link( $this->api->get_blog_id_for_output() ),
			),
		);

		return (object) $response;
	}

	function get_media_item_v1_1( $media_id ) {
		$media_item = get_post( $media_id );

		if ( ! $media_item || is_wp_error( $media_item ) )
			return new WP_Error( 'unknown_media', 'Unknown Media', 404 );

		$file = basename( wp_get_attachment_url( $media_item->ID ) );
		$file_info = pathinfo( $file );
		$ext  = $file_info['extension'];

		$response = array(
			'ID'           => $media_item->ID,
			'URL'          => wp_get_attachment_url( $media_item->ID ),
			'guid'         => $media_item->guid,
			'date'         => (string) $this->format_date( $media_item->post_date_gmt, $media_item->post_date ),
			'post_ID'      => $media_item->post_parent,
			'file'         => $file,
			'mime_type'    => $media_item->post_mime_type,
			'extension'    => $ext,
			'title'        => $media_item->post_title,
			'caption'      => $media_item->post_excerpt,
			'description'  => $media_item->post_content,
		);

		if ( in_array( $ext, array( 'jpg', 'jpeg', 'png', 'gif' ) ) ) {
			$metadata = wp_get_attachment_metadata( $media_item->ID );
			$response['height'] = $metadata['height'];
			$response['width']  = $metadata['width'];
			$response['exif']   = $metadata['image_meta'];
		}

		if ( in_array( $ext, array( 'mp3', 'm4a', 'wav', 'ogg' ) ) ) {
			$metadata = wp_get_attachment_metadata( $media_item->ID );
			$response['exif']   = $metadata;
		}

		if ( in_array( $ext, array( 'ogv', 'mp4', 'mov', 'wmv', 'avi', 'mpg', '3gp', '3g2', 'm4v' ) ) ) {
			$metadata = wp_get_attachment_metadata( $media_item->ID );
			$response['height'] = $metadata['height'];
			$response['width']  = $metadata['width'];

			// add VideoPress info
			if ( function_exists( 'video_get_info_by_blogpostid' ) ) {
				$info = video_get_info_by_blogpostid( $this->api->get_blog_id_for_output(), $media_id );

				$response['videopress_guid'] = $info->guid;
				$response['videopress_processing_done'] = true;
				if ( '0000-00-00 00:00:00' == $info->finish_date_gmt ) {
					$response['videopress_processing_done'] = false;
				}
			}
		}

		$response['meta'] = (object) array(
			'links' => (object) array(
				'self' => (string) $this->get_media_link( $this->api->get_blog_id_for_output(), $media_id ),
				'help' => (string) $this->get_media_link( $this->api->get_blog_id_for_output(), $media_id, 'help' ),
				'site' => (string) $this->get_site_link( $this->api->get_blog_id_for_output() ),
			),
		);

		// add VideoPress link to the meta
		if ( in_array( $ext, array( 'ogv', 'mp4', 'mov', 'wmv', 'avi', 'mpg', '3gp', '3g2', 'm4v' ) ) ) {
			if ( function_exists( 'video_get_info_by_blogpostid' ) ) {
				$response['meta']->links->videopress = (string) $this->get_link( '/videos/%s', $response['videopress_guid'], '' );
			}
		}

		if ( $media_item->post_parent > 0 ) {
			$response['meta']->links->parent = (string) $this->get_post_link( $this->api->get_blog_id_for_output(), $media_item->post_parent );
		}

		return (object) $response;
	}

	function get_taxonomy( $taxonomy_id, $taxonomy_type, $context ) {

		$taxonomy = get_term_by( 'slug', $taxonomy_id, $taxonomy_type );
		/// keep updating this function
		if ( !$taxonomy || is_wp_error( $taxonomy ) ) {
			return new WP_Error( 'unknown_taxonomy', 'Unknown taxonomy', 404 );
		}

		return $this->format_taxonomy( $taxonomy, $taxonomy_type, $context );
	}

	function format_taxonomy( $taxonomy, $taxonomy_type, $context ) {
		// Permissions
		switch ( $context ) {
		case 'edit' :
			$tax = get_taxonomy( $taxonomy_type );
			if ( !current_user_can( $tax->cap->edit_terms ) )
				return new WP_Error( 'unauthorized', 'User cannot edit taxonomy', 403 );
			break;
		case 'display' :
			$tax = get_taxonomy( $taxonomy_type );
			if ( -1 == get_option( 'blog_public' ) && ! current_user_can( 'read' ) ) {
				return new WP_Error( 'unauthorized', 'User cannot view taxonomy', 403 );
			}
			break;
		default :
			return new WP_Error( 'invalid_context', 'Invalid API CONTEXT', 400 );
		}

		$response                = array();
		$response['ID']          = (int) $taxonomy->term_id;
		$response['name']        = (string) $taxonomy->name;
		$response['slug']        = (string) $taxonomy->slug;
		$response['description'] = (string) $taxonomy->description;
		$response['post_count']  = (int) $taxonomy->count;

		if ( 'category' === $taxonomy_type )
			$response['parent'] = (int) $taxonomy->parent;

		$response['meta'] = (object) array(
			'links' => (object) array(
				'self' => (string) $this->get_taxonomy_link( $this->api->get_blog_id_for_output(), $taxonomy->slug, $taxonomy_type ),
				'help' => (string) $this->get_taxonomy_link( $this->api->get_blog_id_for_output(), $taxonomy->slug, $taxonomy_type, 'help' ),
				'site' => (string) $this->get_site_link( $this->api->get_blog_id_for_output() ),
			),
		);

		return (object) $response;
	}

	/**
	 * Returns ISO 8601 formatted datetime: 2011-12-08T01:15:36-08:00
	 *
	 * @param $date_gmt (string) GMT datetime string.
	 * @param $date (string) Optional.  Used to calculate the offset from GMT.
	 *
	 * @return string
	 */
	function format_date( $date_gmt, $date = null ) {
		$timestamp_gmt = strtotime( "$date_gmt+0000" );

		if ( null === $date ) {
			$timestamp = $timestamp_gmt;
			$hours     = $minutes = $west = 0;
		} else {
			$date_time = date_create( "$date+0000" );
			if ( $date_time ) {
				$timestamp = date_format(  $date_time, 'U' );
			} else {
				$timestamp = 0;
			}

			// "0000-00-00 00:00:00" == -62169984000
			if ( -62169984000 == $timestamp_gmt ) {
				// WordPress sets post_date=now, post_date_gmt="0000-00-00 00:00:00" for all drafts
				// WordPress sets post_modified=now, post_modified_gmt="0000-00-00 00:00:00" for new drafts

				// Try to guess the correct offset from the blog's options.
				$timezone_string = get_option( 'timezone_string' );

				if ( $timezone_string && $date_time ) {
					$timezone = timezone_open( $timezone_string );
					if ( $timezone ) {
						$offset = $timezone->getOffset( $date_time );
					}
				} else {
					$offset = 3600 * get_option( 'gmt_offset' );
				}
			} else {
				$offset = $timestamp - $timestamp_gmt;
			}

			$west      = $offset < 0;
			$offset    = abs( $offset );
			$hours     = (int) floor( $offset / 3600 );
			$offset   -= $hours * 3600;
			$minutes   = (int) floor( $offset / 60 );
		}

		return (string) gmdate( 'Y-m-d\\TH:i:s', $timestamp ) . sprintf( '%s%02d:%02d', $west ? '-' : '+', $hours, $minutes );
	}

	/**
	 * Parses a date string and returns the local and GMT representations
	 * of that date & time in 'YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS' format without
	 * timezones or offsets. If the parsed datetime was not localized to a
	 * particular timezone or offset we will assume it was given in GMT
	 * relative to now and will convert it to local time using either the
	 * timezone set in the options table for the blog or the GMT offset.
	 *
	 * @param datetime string
	 *
	 * @return array( $local_time_string, $gmt_time_string )
	 */
	function parse_date( $date_string ) {
		$date_string_info = date_parse( $date_string );
		if ( is_array( $date_string_info ) && 0 === $date_string_info['error_count'] ) {
			// Check if it's already localized. Can't just check is_localtime because date_parse('oppossum') returns true; WTF, PHP.
			if ( isset( $date_string_info['zone'] ) && true === $date_string_info['is_localtime'] ) {
				$dt_local = clone $dt_utc = new DateTime( $date_string );
				$dt_utc->setTimezone( new DateTimeZone( 'UTC' ) );
				return array(
					(string) $dt_local->format( 'Y-m-d H:i:s' ),
					(string) $dt_utc->format( 'Y-m-d H:i:s' ),
				);
			}

			// It's parseable but no TZ info so assume UTC
			$dt_local = clone $dt_utc = new DateTime( $date_string, new DateTimeZone( 'UTC' ) );
		} else {
			// Could not parse time, use now in UTC
			$dt_local = clone $dt_utc = new DateTime( 'now', new DateTimeZone( 'UTC' ) );
		}

		// First try to use timezone as it's daylight savings aware.
		$timezone_string = get_option( 'timezone_string' );
		if ( $timezone_string ) {
			$tz = timezone_open( $timezone_string );
			if ( $tz ) {
				$dt_local->setTimezone( $tz );
				return array(
					(string) $dt_local->format( 'Y-m-d H:i:s' ),
					(string) $dt_utc->format( 'Y-m-d H:i:s' ),
				);
			}
		}

		// Fallback to GMT offset (in hours)
		// NOTE: TZ of $dt_local is still UTC, we simply modified the timestamp with an offset.
		$gmt_offset_seconds = intval( get_option( 'gmt_offset' ) * 3600 );
		$dt_local->modify("+{$gmt_offset_seconds} seconds");
		return array(
			(string) $dt_local->format( 'Y-m-d H:i:s' ),
			(string) $dt_utc->format( 'Y-m-d H:i:s' ),
		);
	}

	// Load the functions.php file for the current theme to get its post formats, CPTs, etc.
	function load_theme_functions() {
		// the theme info we care about is found either within functions.php or one of the jetpack files. it might also make sense to load inc/wpcom.php and includes/wpcom.php if there is a need for it
		$function_files = array( '/functions.php', '/inc/jetpack.compat.php', '/inc/jetpack.php', '/includes/jetpack.compat.php' );

		// Is this a child theme? Load the child theme's functions file.
		if ( get_stylesheet_directory() !== get_template_directory() && wpcom_is_child_theme() ) {
			foreach ( $function_files as $function_file ) {
				if ( file_exists( get_stylesheet_directory() . $function_file ) ) {
					require_once(  get_stylesheet_directory() . $function_file );
				}
			}
		}

		foreach ( $function_files as $function_file ) {
			if ( file_exists( get_template_directory() . $function_file ) ) {
				require_once(  get_template_directory() . $function_file );
			}
		}

		// since the stuff we care about (CPTS, post formats, are usually on setup or init hooks, we want to load those)
		$this->copy_hooks( 'after_setup_theme', 'restapi_theme_after_setup_theme', WP_CONTENT_DIR . '/themes' );
		do_action( 'restapi_theme_after_setup_theme' );
		$this->copy_hooks( 'init', 'restapi_theme_init', WP_CONTENT_DIR . '/themes' );
		do_action( 'restapi_theme_init' );
	}

	function copy_hooks( $from_hook, $to_hook, $base_path = '' ) {
		global $wp_filter;
		foreach ( $wp_filter as $hook => $actions ) {
			if ( $from_hook <> $hook )
				continue;
			foreach ( (array) $actions as $priority => $callbacks ) {
				foreach( $callbacks as $callback_key => $callback_data ) {
					$callback = $callback_data['function'];
					$reflection = $this->get_reflection( $callback ); // use reflection api to determine filename where function is defined
					if ( false !== $reflection ) {
						$file_name = $reflection->getFileName();
						if ( 0 === strpos( $file_name, $base_path ) ) { // only copy hooks with functions which are part of VIP (the theme, parent theme, or VIP plugins)
							$wp_filter[$to_hook][$priority][ 'cph' . $callback_key ] = $callback_data;
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}

	function get_reflection( $callback ) {
		if ( is_array( $callback ) ) {
			list( $class, $method ) = $callback;
			return new ReflectionMethod( $class, $method );
		}

		if ( is_string( $callback ) && strpos( $callback, "::" ) !== false ) {
			list( $class, $method ) = explode( "::", $callback );
			return new ReflectionMethod( $class, $method );
		}

		if ( version_compare( PHP_VERSION, "5.3.0", ">=" ) && method_exists( $callback, "__invoke" ) ) {
			return new ReflectionMethod( $callback, "__invoke" );
		}

		if ( is_string( $callback ) && strpos( $callback, "::" ) == false && function_exists( $callback ) ) {
			return new ReflectionFunction( $callback );
		}

		return false;
	}

	function get_link() {
		$args   = func_get_args();
		$format = array_shift( $args );
		array_unshift( $args, $this->api->public_api_scheme, WPCOM_JSON_API__BASE );
		$path = array_pop( $args );
		if ( $path ) {
			$path = '/' . ltrim( $path, '/' );
		}
		$args[] = $path;

		// http, WPCOM_JSON_API__BASE, ...    , path
		// %s  , %s                  , $format, %s
		return esc_url_raw( vsprintf( "%s://%s$format%s", $args ) );
	}

	function get_me_link( $path = '' ) {
		return $this->get_link( '/me', $path );
	}

	function get_taxonomy_link( $blog_id, $taxonomy_id, $taxonomy_type, $path = '' ) {
		if ( 'category' === $taxonomy_type )
			return $this->get_link( '/sites/%d/categories/slug:%s', $blog_id, $taxonomy_id, $path );
		else
			return $this->get_link( '/sites/%d/tags/slug:%s', $blog_id, $taxonomy_id, $path );
	}

	function get_media_link( $blog_id, $media_id, $path = '' ) {
		return $this->get_link( '/sites/%d/media/%d', $blog_id, $media_id, $path );
	}

	function get_site_link( $blog_id, $path = '' ) {
		return $this->get_link( '/sites/%d', $blog_id, $path );
	}

	function get_post_link( $blog_id, $post_id, $path = '' ) {
		return $this->get_link( '/sites/%d/posts/%d', $blog_id, $post_id, $path );
	}

	function get_comment_link( $blog_id, $comment_id, $path = '' ) {
		return $this->get_link( '/sites/%d/comments/%d', $blog_id, $comment_id, $path );
	}

	function get_publicize_connection_link( $blog_id, $publicize_connection_id, $path = '' ) {
		return $this->get_link( '.1/sites/%d/publicize-connections/%d', $blog_id, $publicize_connection_id, $path );
	}

	function get_publicize_connections_link( $keyring_token_id, $path = '' ) {
		return $this->get_link( '.1/me/publicize-connections/?keyring_connection_ID=%d', $keyring_token_id, $path );
	}

	function get_keyring_connection_link( $keyring_token_id, $path = '' ) {
		return $this->get_link( '.1/me/keyring-connections/%d', $keyring_token_id, $path );
	}

	function get_external_service_link( $external_service, $path = '' ) {
		return $this->get_link( '.1/meta/external-services/%s', $external_service, $path );
	}

	function is_post_type_allowed( $post_type ) {
		// if the post type is empty, that's fine, WordPress will default to post
		if ( empty( $post_type ) )
			return true;

		// allow special 'any' type
		if ( 'any' == $post_type )
			return true;

		// check for allowed types
		if ( in_array( $post_type, $this->_get_whitelisted_post_types() ) )
			return true;

		return false;
	}

	/**
	 * Gets the whitelisted post types that JP should allow access to.
	 *
	 * @return array Whitelisted post types.
	 */
	protected function _get_whitelisted_post_types() {
		$allowed_types = array( 'post', 'page', 'revision' );

		$allowed_types = apply_filters( 'rest_api_allowed_post_types', $allowed_types );

		return array_unique( $allowed_types );
	}

	function handle_media_creation_v1_1( $media_files, $media_urls, $media_attrs = array(), $force_parent_id = false ) {

		add_filter( 'upload_mimes', array( $this, 'allow_video_uploads' ) );

		$media_ids = $errors = array();
		$user_can_upload_files = current_user_can( 'upload_files' );
		$media_attrs = array_values( $media_attrs ); // reset the keys
		$i = 0;

		if ( ! empty( $media_files ) ) {
			$this->api->trap_wp_die( 'upload_error' );
			foreach ( $media_files as $media_item ) {
				$_FILES['.api.media.item.'] = $media_item;
				if ( ! $user_can_upload_files ) {
					$media_id = new WP_Error( 'unauthorized', 'User cannot upload media.', 403 );
				} else {
					if ( $force_parent_id ) {
						$parent_id = absint( $force_parent_id );
					} elseif ( ! empty( $media_attrs[$i] ) && ! empty( $media_attrs[$i]['parent_id'] ) ) {
						$parent_id = absint( $media_attrs[$i]['parent_id'] );
					} else {
						$parent_id = 0;
					}
					$media_id = media_handle_upload( '.api.media.item.', $parent_id );
				}
				if ( is_wp_error( $media_id ) ) {
					$errors[$i]['file']   = $media_item['name'];
					$errors[$i]['error']   = $media_id->get_error_code();
					$errors[$i]['message'] = $media_id->get_error_message();
				} else {
					$media_ids[$i] = $media_id;
				}

				$i++;
			}
			$this->api->trap_wp_die( null );
			unset( $_FILES['.api.media.item.'] );
		}

		if ( ! empty( $media_urls ) ) {
			foreach ( $media_urls as $url ) {
				if ( ! $user_can_upload_files ) {
					$media_id = new WP_Error( 'unauthorized', 'User cannot upload media.', 403 );
				} else {
					if ( $force_parent_id ) {
						$parent_id = absint( $force_parent_id );
					} else if ( ! empty( $media_attrs[$i] ) && ! empty( $media_attrs[$i]['parent_id'] ) ) {
						$parent_id = absint( $media_attrs[$i]['parent_id'] );
					} else {
						$parent_id = 0;
					}
					$media_id = $this->handle_media_sideload( $url, $parent_id );
				}
				if ( is_wp_error( $media_id ) ) {
					$errors[$i] = array(
						'file'    => $url,
						'error'   => $media_id->get_error_code(),
						'message' => $media_id->get_error_message(),
					);
				} elseif ( ! empty( $media_id ) ) {
					$media_ids[$i] = $media_id;
				}

				$i++;
			}
		}

		if ( ! empty( $media_attrs ) ) {
			foreach ( $media_ids as $index => $media_id ) {
				if ( empty( $media_attrs[$index] ) )
					continue;

				$attrs = $media_attrs[$index];
				$insert = array();

				if ( ! empty( $attrs['title'] ) ) {
					$insert['post_title'] = $attrs['title'];
				}

				if ( ! empty( $attrs['caption'] ) )
					$insert['post_excerpt'] = $attrs['caption'];

				if ( ! empty( $attrs['description'] ) )
					$insert['post_content'] = $attrs['description'];

				if ( empty( $insert ) )
					continue;

				$insert['ID'] = $media_id;
				wp_update_post( (object) $insert );
			}
		}

		return array( 'media_ids' => $media_ids, 'errors' => $errors );

	}

	function handle_media_sideload( $url, $parent_post_id = 0 ) {
		if ( ! function_exists( 'download_url' ) || ! function_exists( 'media_handle_sideload' ) )
			return false;

		// if we didn't get a URL, let's bail
		$parsed = @parse_url( $url );
		if ( empty( $parsed ) )
			return false;

		$tmp = download_url( $url );
		if ( is_wp_error( $tmp ) ) {
			return false;
		}

		if ( ! file_is_displayable_image( $tmp ) ) {
			@unlink( $tmp );
			return false;
		}

		// emulate a $_FILES entry
		$file_array = array(
			'name' => basename( parse_url( $url, PHP_URL_PATH ) ),
			'tmp_name' => $tmp,
		);

		$id = media_handle_sideload( $file_array, $parent_post_id );
		@unlink( $tmp );

		if ( ! $id || ! is_int( $id ) ) {
			return false;
		}

		return $id;
	}

	function allow_video_uploads( $mimes ) {
		// if we are on Jetpack, bail - Videos are already allowed
		if ( ! defined( 'IS_WPCOM' ) || !IS_WPCOM ) {
			return $mimes;
		}

		// extra check that this filter is only ever applied during REST API requests
		if ( ! defined( 'REST_API_REQUEST' ) || ! REST_API_REQUEST ) {
			return $mimes;
		}

		// bail early if they already have the upgrade..
		if ( get_option( 'video_upgrade' ) == '1' ) {
			return $mimes;
		}

		// lets whitelist to only specific clients right now
		$clients_allowed_video_uploads = array();
		$clients_allowed_video_uploads = apply_filters( 'rest_api_clients_allowed_video_uploads', $clients_allowed_video_uploads );
		if ( !in_array( $this->api->token_details['client_id'], $clients_allowed_video_uploads ) ) {
			return $mimes;
		}

		$mime_list = wp_get_mime_types();

		$video_exts = explode( ' ', get_site_option( 'video_upload_filetypes', false, false ) );
		$video_exts = apply_filters( 'video_upload_filetypes', $video_exts );
		$video_mimes = array();

		if ( !empty( $video_exts ) ) {
			foreach ( $video_exts as $ext ) {
				foreach ( $mime_list as $ext_pattern => $mime ) {
					if ( $ext != '' && strpos( $ext_pattern, $ext ) !== false )
						$video_mimes[$ext_pattern] = $mime;
				}
			}

			$mimes = array_merge( $mimes, $video_mimes );
		}

		return $mimes;
	}

	function is_current_site_multi_user() {
		$users = wp_cache_get( 'site_user_count', 'WPCOM_JSON_API_Endpoint' );
		if ( false === $users ) {
			$user_query = new WP_User_Query( array(
				'blog_id' => get_current_blog_id(),
				'fields'  => 'ID',
			) );
			$users = (int) $user_query->get_total();
			wp_cache_set( 'site_user_count', $users, 'WPCOM_JSON_API_Endpoint', DAY_IN_SECONDS );
		}
		return $users > 1;
	}

	/**
	 * Return endpoint response
	 *
	 * @param ... determined by ->$path
	 *
	 * @return
	 * 	falsy: HTTP 500, no response body
	 *	WP_Error( $error_code, $error_message, $http_status_code ): HTTP $status_code, json_encode( array( 'error' => $error_code, 'message' => $error_message ) ) response body
	 *	$data: HTTP 200, json_encode( $data ) response body
	 */
	abstract function callback( $path = '' );


}

require_once( dirname( __FILE__ ) . '/json-endpoints.php' );