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featureSpecification.py
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#!/usr/bin/python
# PyElly - scripting tool for analyzing natural language
#
# featureSpecification.py : 22jan2017 CPM
# ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Copyright (c) 2013, Clinton Prentiss Mah
# All rights reserved.
#
# Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
# modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
#
# Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
# list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
#
# Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
# this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
# and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
#
# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
# AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
# IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
# DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
# FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
# DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
# SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
# CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
# OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
# OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
"""
handling of specifications of both syntactic and semantic features
"""
import ellyBits
import ellyChar
import ellyException
import symbolTable
def scan ( strg ):
"""
check for extent of feature specification
arguments:
strg - string of chars to scan
returns:
char count > 0 on finding possible feature specification, 0 otherwise
"""
if strg[0] != '[':
return 0
n = strg.find(']')
return n + 1 if n > 0 else 0
class FeatureSpecification(object):
"""
encoding of features as bits
attributes:
positive - positive features
negative - negative
id - which feature set
"""
def __init__ ( self , syms , fets=None , semantic=False ):
"""
initialization
arguments:
self -
syms - symbol table
fets - string representation of feature set
semantic - flag for semantic features
exceptions:
FormatFailure on error
"""
if syms == None or fets == None: # special case generating zero feature set
self.positive = ellyBits.EllyBits(symbolTable.FMAX)
self.negative = ellyBits.EllyBits(symbolTable.FMAX)
self.id = ''
return
segm = fets.lower()
# print "features=",segm,"semantic=",semantic
if segm == None or len(segm) < 3 or segm[0] != '[' or segm[-1] != ']':
raise ellyException.FormatFailure
elif segm[1] == ' ' or ellyChar.isLetterOrDigit(segm[1]) or segm[1] == '*':
raise ellyException.FormatFailure
else:
self.id = segm[1]
# print "id=",self.id
fs = syms.getFeatureSet(segm[1:-1] , semantic)
# print 'fs=' , str(fs[0]) , ',' , str(fs[1])
if fs == None:
raise ellyException.FormatFailure
self.positive , self.negative = fs
def __str__ ( self ):
"""
representation of features
arguments:
self
returns:
string
"""
return '+' + self.positive.hexadecimal(False) + '-' + self.negative.hexadecimal(False)
def getCompoundedFeatures ( self ):
"""
combine feature bit string with its complement for testing
arguments:
self
returns:
joined bit string to be tested
"""
return self.positive.compound()
def makeTest ( self ):
"""
concatenate positive and negative bits of feature set for testing
arguments:
self
returns:
joined bit string to be applied in testing
"""
return ellyBits.join(self.positive,self.negative)
#
# unit test
#
if __name__ == '__main__':
stb = symbolTable.SymbolTable()
try:
w = s = "[!a,-b,c,+d,-e]"
fes = FeatureSpecification(stb,s) # syntactic features
print 'fes=' , fes.id , fes , 'for' , s , 'syntactic'
fes = FeatureSpecification(stb,s,True) # semantic features
print 'fes=' , fes.id , fes , 'for' , s , 'semantic'
w = t = "[:x,y]"
fet = FeatureSpecification(stb,t,True) # semantic features
print 'fet=' , fet.id , fet , 'for' , t , 'semantic'
fet = FeatureSpecification(stb,t,False) # syntactic features
print 'fet=' , fet.id , fet , 'for' , t , 'syntactic'
w = u = ''
feu = FeatureSpecification(None) # empty features
print 'feu=' , feu.id + ' ' , feu , 'for' , "''"
w = v = '[:*l,*r,*unique]'
fev = FeatureSpecification(stb,v) # special syntactic features
print 'fev=' , fev.id , fev , 'for' , v , 'syntactic'
w = "[:x"
few = FeatureSpecification(stb,w) # bad syntactic features
print "should never get here!"
except ellyException.FormatFailure:
print 'exception: bad format= <<' , w , '>>'
print '----'
idns = stb.sxindx.keys()
print '--' , len(idns) , 'syntactic feature sets'
for idn in idns:
print idn , '=' , stb.sxindx[idn]
idns = stb.smindx.keys()
print '--' , len(idns) , 'semantic feature sets'
for idn in idns:
print idn , '=' , stb.smindx[idn]
print '----'
sts = '[^ab,cd,ef] , xxx'
num = scan(sts)
print num , 'feature chars in <<' + sts + '>> with <<' + sts[num:] + '>> left over'