diff --git a/lib/relaton/bib/formattedref.rb b/lib/relaton/bib/formattedref.rb
index dcacbee..7ea146e 100644
--- a/lib/relaton/bib/formattedref.rb
+++ b/lib/relaton/bib/formattedref.rb
@@ -2,26 +2,12 @@ module Relaton
   module Bib
     class Formattedref
       # @return [String]
-      attr_reader :content
+      attr_accessor :content
 
       def initialize(content: nil)
         @content = content
       end
 
-      def content=(content)
-        @content = content.is_a?(String) ? content : content.to_xml
-      end
-
-      # @param content [Relaton::M
-      # def content=(content)
-      #   @content = content.is_a?(String) ? Model::TextElement.from_xml(content) : content
-      # end
-
-      # @param [Nokogiri::XML::Builder]
-      # def to_xml(builder)
-      #   builder.formattedref { super }
-      # end
-
       # @param prefix [String]
       # @return [String]
       def to_asciibib(prefix = "")
diff --git a/lib/relaton/model/formattedref.rb b/lib/relaton/model/formattedref.rb
index 1a203c1..e23a2af 100644
--- a/lib/relaton/model/formattedref.rb
+++ b/lib/relaton/model/formattedref.rb
@@ -4,37 +4,11 @@ class Formattedref < Lutaml::Model::Serializable
 
       model Bib::Formattedref
 
-      attribute :content, TextElement # , collection: true
+      attribute :content, :string
 
       xml do
         root "formattedref"
-        map_content to: :text, delegate: :content # , with: { to: :content_to_xml, from: :content_from_xml }
-        map_element "em", to: :em, delegate: :content # , with: { to: :em_to_xml, from: :em_from_xml }
-        map_element "strong", to: :strong, delegate: :content # , with: { to: :strong_to_xml, from: :strong_from_xml }
-      end
-
-      def content_to_xml(model, parent, doc)
-        parent << doc.create_element("content", model.content)
-      end
-
-      def content_from_xml(model, value)
-        model.content << value
-      end
-
-      def em_from_xml(model, value)
-        model.content << value.to_xml
-      end
-
-      def em_to_xml(model, parent, doc)
-        parent << doc.create_element("em", model.content)
-      end
-
-      def strong_from_xml(model, value)
-        model.content << value.to_xml
-      end
-
-      def strong_to_xml(model, parent, doc)
-        parent << doc.create_element("strong", model.content)
+        map_all to: :content
       end
     end
   end
diff --git a/spec/relaton/model/formattedref_spec.rb b/spec/relaton/model/formattedref_spec.rb
index 11d5583..2527ac9 100644
--- a/spec/relaton/model/formattedref_spec.rb
+++ b/spec/relaton/model/formattedref_spec.rb
@@ -6,19 +6,7 @@
   it "parse XML" do
     formattedref = described_class.from_xml xml
     expect(formattedref).to be_instance_of Relaton::Bib::Formattedref
-    expect(formattedref.content).to be_instance_of Array
-    expect(formattedref.content.size).to eq 3
-    expect(formattedref.content[0]).to be_instance_of Relaton::Model::TextElement
-    expect(formattedref.content[1]).to be_instance_of Relaton::Model::TextElement
-    expect(formattedref.content[2]).to be_instance_of Relaton::Model::TextElement
-    expect(described_class.to_xml(formattedref)).to be_equivalent_to xml
-  end
-
-  it "parse XML" do
-    formattedref = Relaton::Bib::Formattedref.new
-    formattedref.content = "<strong>Strong</strong>content<em>Em</em>"
-    expect(formattedref.content).to be_instance_of Array
-    expect(formattedref.content.size).to eq 3
+    expect(formattedref.content).to eq "<strong>Strong</strong>Content<em>Em</em>"
     expect(described_class.to_xml(formattedref)).to be_equivalent_to xml
   end
 end