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<!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="has-navbar-fixed-top">
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<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Xinkai Song's Homepage</title>
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<article class="article content gallery" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
<h1 class="article-title is-size-3 is-size-4-mobile" itemprop="name">
<a href="/2018/10/17/install-php-extension-fastdfs-client.html" itemprop="url">编译安装php扩展之fastdfs-client</a>
</h1>
<div class="article-meta columns is-variable is-1 is-multiline is-mobile is-size-7-mobile">
<span class="column is-narrow">
<time datetime="2018-10-17T11:25:11.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">Oct 17 2018</time>
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<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/PHP/">PHP</a>
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<p>扩展在<code>fastdfs</code>的源码目录下面<code>php_client</code></p>
<figure class="highlight plain hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">/usr/bin/phpize</span><br><span class="line">./configure --with-php-config=/usr/bin/php-config </span><br><span class="line">make & make install</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>拷贝<code>fastdfs_client.ini</code>到扩展的<code>ini</code>配置文件目录</p>
<figure class="highlight plain hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"># 指向fastdfs下面的配置文件</span><br><span class="line">fastdfs_client.tracker_group0 = /etc/fdfs/client.conf</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>可以使用源码下面的<code>fastdfs_test.php</code>测试.</p>
</div>
</article>
<article class="article content gallery" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
<h1 class="article-title is-size-3 is-size-4-mobile" itemprop="name">
<a href="/2018/10/16/install-fastdfs-nginx-module.html" itemprop="url">安装FastDFS的Nginx模块</a>
</h1>
<div class="article-meta columns is-variable is-1 is-multiline is-mobile is-size-7-mobile">
<span class="column is-narrow">
<time datetime="2018-10-16T09:38:33.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">Oct 16 2018</time>
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<i class="far fa-folder"></i>
<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/FastDFS/">FastDFS</a>
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<div class="article-entry is-size-6-mobile" itemprop="articleBody">
<p>1.下载源码</p>
<p><code>wget https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs-nginx-module/archive/V1.20.tar.gz</code></p>
<p>2.编译安装</p>
<p><code>tar -zxvf V1.20.tar.gz</code> 然后得到源码文件夹<code>fastdfs-nginx-module-1.20</code>,如果已经安装了<code>nginx</code>的使用<code>/nginx -V</code>查看编译选项，进入<code>nginx</code>源码文件夹：</p>
<figure class="highlight plain hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --add-module=../fastdfs-nginx-module-1.20/src</span><br><span class="line"># 编译安装</span><br><span class="line">make & make install</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p class="article-more-link">
<a href="/2018/10/16/install-fastdfs-nginx-module.html#more">READ MORE</a>
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<h1 class="article-title is-size-3 is-size-4-mobile" itemprop="name">
<a href="/2018/10/15/install-fastdfs.html" itemprop="url">安装FastDFS步骤</a>
</h1>
<div class="article-meta columns is-variable is-1 is-multiline is-mobile is-size-7-mobile">
<span class="column is-narrow">
<time datetime="2018-10-15T13:13:10.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">Oct 15 2018</time>
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<i class="far fa-folder"></i>
<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/FastDFS/">FastDFS</a>
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<h3 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h3><p>以下安装步骤在<code>CentOS 7.4.1708</code>上操作,项目git地址：</p>
<figure class="highlight bash hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">https://github.com/happyfish100/libfastcommon</span><br><span class="line">https://github.com/happyfish100/fastdfs</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3 id="安装依赖libfastcommon"><a href="#安装依赖libfastcommon" class="headerlink" title="安装依赖libfastcommon"></a>安装依赖libfastcommon</h3><p>1.下载</p>
<p><code>wget https://github.com/happyfish100/libfastcommon/archive/V1.0.39.tar.gz</code></p>
<p>2.解压安装</p>
<figure class="highlight plain hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">tar -zxvf V1.0.39.tar.gz</span><br><span class="line">cd libfastcommon-1.0.39</span><br><span class="line">./make.sh</span><br><span class="line">./make.sh install</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>3.安装文件目录如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight plain hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">/lib64/libfastcommon.so </span><br><span class="line">/lib64/libfdfsclient.so</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p class="article-more-link">
<a href="/2018/10/15/install-fastdfs.html#more">READ MORE</a>
</p>
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<h1 class="article-title is-size-3 is-size-4-mobile" itemprop="name">
<a href="/2018/10/15/docker-without-sudo.html" itemprop="url">使用docker命令不需要sudo的方法</a>
</h1>
<div class="article-meta columns is-variable is-1 is-multiline is-mobile is-size-7-mobile">
<span class="column is-narrow">
<time datetime="2018-10-15T09:17:45.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">Oct 15 2018</time>
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<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/Docker/">Docker</a>
</span>
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<p>安装完使用<code>docker</code>命令默认是需要<code>sudo</code>权限的，因为访问<code>/var/run/docker.sock</code>需要<code>docker</code>组的用户权限，那么把当前用户加入<code>docker</code>组就可以了。</p>
<figure class="highlight bash hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">sudo groupadd docker</span><br><span class="line">sudo gpasswd -a <span class="hljs-variable">${USER}</span> docker</span><br><span class="line">sudo service docker restart</span><br><span class="line">newgrp - docker</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
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<article class="article content gallery" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
<h1 class="article-title is-size-3 is-size-4-mobile" itemprop="name">
<a href="/2018/10/12/curl-failure-when-receiving-data-from-the-peer.html" itemprop="url">curl(56)Failure when receiving data from the peer</a>
</h1>
<div class="article-meta columns is-variable is-1 is-multiline is-mobile is-size-7-mobile">
<span class="column is-narrow">
<time datetime="2018-10-12T10:00:11.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">Oct 12 2018</time>
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<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/Linux/">Linux</a>
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<p>排查发现机器的内存被耗尽，free 命令查看cached占用过高，手动释放修复<br>释放前最好sync一下，防止丢数据，sync的作用是把buffer数据强行写入磁盘。<br><figure class="highlight plain hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">To free pagecache: echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches</span><br><span class="line">To free dentries and inodes: echo 2 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches</span><br><span class="line">To free pagecache, dentries and inodes: echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
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</article>
<article class="article content gallery" itemscope itemprop="blogPost">
<h1 class="article-title is-size-3 is-size-4-mobile" itemprop="name">
<a href="/2016/10/07/redis-memory-policy.html" itemprop="url">Redis内存回收策略</a>
</h1>
<div class="article-meta columns is-variable is-1 is-multiline is-mobile is-size-7-mobile">
<span class="column is-narrow">
<time datetime="2016-10-06T16:00:00.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">Oct 7 2016</time>
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<i class="far fa-folder"></i>
<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/Redis/">Redis</a>
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<p><code>Redis</code>提供了<code>maxmemory</code>来设置可以使用的最大内存限制，当达到该限制以后，<code>Redis</code>就开始清理键值，清理的策略有以下几种。<br><figure class="highlight plain hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">volatile-lru -> 从设置了有效期的键中选择最久未使用的一个键释放。</span><br><span class="line">allkeys-lru -> 从所有的键中选择最久未使用的一个键释放。</span><br><span class="line">volatile-random -> 从设置了有效期的键中随机选择一个键释放。</span><br><span class="line">allkeys-random -> 从所有的键中随机选择一个键删除。</span><br><span class="line">volatile-ttl -> 从设置了过期时间的键中选一个马上要过期的键删除。</span><br><span class="line">noeviction -> 不删除任何键，对于写入操作返回一个错误提示。</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>默认使用<code>noeviction</code>策略，该策略适合那种确定数据不会增长超过<code>maxmemory</code>限制的场景。<br><code>Redis</code>中的LRU算法，是随机挑选几个键然后从中选出一个最久未使用的删除，选几个键由配置<code>maxmemory-samples</code>指定，默认是5。<br>一般来说，推荐使用<code>volatile-lru</code>策略，对于那些不能丢失的数据，可以通过不设置过期时间防止被删除；那些热数据，比如用户信息，可以从DB中获取的，可以设置过期时间，这样在内存不足的情况下就可以淘汰这部分数据。</p>
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<h1 class="article-title is-size-3 is-size-4-mobile" itemprop="name">
<a href="/2016/10/05/kill-killall-pkill.html" itemprop="url">kill & killall & pkill</a>
</h1>
<div class="article-meta columns is-variable is-1 is-multiline is-mobile is-size-7-mobile">
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<time datetime="2016-10-04T16:00:00.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">Oct 5 2016</time>
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<i class="far fa-folder"></i>
<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/Linux/">Linux</a><span>></span><a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/Linux/Command/">Command</a>
</span>
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<div class="article-entry is-size-6-mobile" itemprop="articleBody">
<h1><span id="kill">kill</span></h1><h3><span id="说明">说明</span></h3><figure class="highlight plain hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">kill: usage: kill [-s sigspec | -n signum | -sigspec] pid | jobspec ... or kill -l [sigspec]</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">-l 信号，如果不传入信号参数会列出全部信号</span><br><span class="line">-a 当处理当前进程时，不限制命令名和进程号的对应关系</span><br><span class="line">-p 指定kill 命令只打印相关进程的进程号，而不发送任何信号</span><br><span class="line">-s 指定发送信号</span><br><span class="line">-u 指定用户</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<blockquote>
<p>1.kill命令信号码为可选参数，如果不带默认是终止信号SIGTERM（15），这个信号在进程推出之前清理并释放资源。<br>2.kill 指定进程PID，需要拥有权限才可以发送信号给这些进程，否则会得到错误提示。</p>
</blockquote>
<h3><span id="示例">示例</span></h3><p>1.kill -l 列出所有的信号<br><figure class="highlight plain hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[[email protected]]# kill -l </span><br><span class="line"> 1) SIGHUP 2) SIGINT 3) SIGQUIT 4) SIGILL 5) SIGTRAP</span><br><span class="line"> 6) SIGABRT 7) SIGBUS 8) SIGFPE 9) SIGKILL 10) SIGUSR1</span><br><span class="line">11) SIGSEGV 12) SIGUSR2 13) SIGPIPE 14) SIGALRM 15) SIGTERM</span><br><span class="line">16) SIGSTKFLT 17) SIGCHLD 18) SIGCONT 19) SIGSTOP 20) SIGTSTP</span><br><span class="line">21) SIGTTIN 22) SIGTTOU 23) SIGURG 24) SIGXCPU 25) SIGXFSZ</span><br><span class="line">26) SIGVTALRM 27) SIGPROF 28) SIGWINCH 29) SIGIO 30) SIGPWR</span><br><span class="line">31) SIGSYS 34) SIGRTMIN 35) SIGRTMIN+1 36) SIGRTMIN+2 37) SIGRTMIN+3</span><br><span class="line">38) SIGRTMIN+4 39) SIGRTMIN+5 40) SIGRTMIN+6 41) SIGRTMIN+7 42) SIGRTMIN+8</span><br><span class="line">43) SIGRTMIN+9 44) SIGRTMIN+10 45) SIGRTMIN+11 46) SIGRTMIN+12 47) SIGRTMIN+13</span><br><span class="line">48) SIGRTMIN+14 49) SIGRTMIN+15 50) SIGRTMAX-14 51) SIGRTMAX-13 52) SIGRTMAX-12</span><br><span class="line">53) SIGRTMAX-11 54) SIGRTMAX-10 55) SIGRTMAX-9 56) SIGRTMAX-8 57) SIGRTMAX-7</span><br><span class="line">58) SIGRTMAX-6 59) SIGRTMAX-5 60) SIGRTMAX-4 61) SIGRTMAX-3 62) SIGRTMAX-2</span><br><span class="line">63) SIGRTMAX-1 64) SIGRTMAX</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>信号SIGKILL（9）是强制结束进程，是无条件的。<br>下面是常用的信号：<br><figure class="highlight plain hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">HUP 1 终端断线</span><br><span class="line">INT 2 中断（同 Ctrl + C）</span><br><span class="line">QUIT 3 退出（同 Ctrl + \）</span><br><span class="line">TERM 15 终止，会在推出前清理和释放资源</span><br><span class="line">KILL 9 无条件强制终止</span><br><span class="line">CONT 18 继续（与STOP相反， fg/bg命令）</span><br><span class="line">STOP 19 暂停（同 Ctrl + Z）</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>2.发送信号给一个进程，可以传入信号编码也可以传入信号名<br><figure class="highlight plain hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">kill -15 PID</span><br><span class="line">kill -SIGTERM PID</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>3.如果只知道信号名可以使用一下命令获取编码<br><figure class="highlight plain hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">kill -l SIGTERM</span><br><span class="line">返回 15</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h1><span id="killall">killall</span></h1><p>killall可以直接跟进程名，kill杀掉进程还需要结合ps查到PID，killall可以直接根据指定的进程名字杀死进程。</p>
<h3><span id="描述">描述</span></h3><figure class="highlight plain hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Usage: killall [-Z CONTEXT] [-u USER] [ -eIgiqrvw ] [ -SIGNAL ] NAME...</span><br><span class="line"> killall -l, --list</span><br><span class="line"> killall -V, —version</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line"> -e,--exact require exact match for very long names</span><br><span class="line"> -I,--ignore-case case insensitive process name match</span><br><span class="line"> -g,--process-group kill process group instead of process</span><br><span class="line"> -y,--younger-than kill processes younger than TIME</span><br><span class="line"> -o,--older-than kill processes older than TIME</span><br><span class="line"> -i,--interactive ask for confirmation before killing</span><br><span class="line"> -l,--list list all known signal names,同kill -l</span><br><span class="line"> -q,--quiet don't print complaints</span><br><span class="line"> -r,--regexp interpret NAME as an extended regular expression</span><br><span class="line"> -s,--signal SIGNAL send this signal instead of SIGTERM</span><br><span class="line"> -u,--user USER kill only process(es) running as USER</span><br><span class="line"> -v,--verbose report if the signal was successfully sent</span><br><span class="line"> -V,--version display version information</span><br><span class="line"> -w,--wait wait for processes to die</span><br><span class="line"> -Z,--context REGEXP kill only process(es) having context</span><br><span class="line"> (must precede other arguments)</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h3><span id="示例">示例</span></h3><p>1.杀死所有同名进程<br><figure class="highlight plain hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">killall nginx</span><br><span class="line">killall -9 bash</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>2.向进程发送指定信号<br><figure class="highlight plain hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">killall -TERM ngixn</span><br><span class="line">killall -KILL nginx</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<h1><span id="pkill">pkill</span></h1><figure class="highlight plain hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">Usage:</span><br><span class="line"> pkill [options] <pattern></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">Options:</span><br><span class="line"> -<sig>, --signal <sig> signal to send (either number or name)</span><br><span class="line"> -e, --echo display what is killed</span><br><span class="line"> -c, --count count of matching processes</span><br><span class="line"> -f, --full use full process name to match</span><br><span class="line"> -g, --pgroup <PGID,...> match listed process group IDs</span><br><span class="line"> -G, --group <GID,...> match real group IDs</span><br><span class="line"> -n, --newest select most recently started</span><br><span class="line"> -o, --oldest select least recently started</span><br><span class="line"> -P, --parent <PPID,...> match only child processes of the given parent</span><br><span class="line"> -s, --session <SID,...> match session IDs</span><br><span class="line"> -t, --terminal <tty,...> match by controlling terminal</span><br><span class="line"> -u, --euid <ID,...> match by effective IDs</span><br><span class="line"> -U, --uid <ID,...> match by real IDs</span><br><span class="line"> -x, --exact match exactly with the command name</span><br><span class="line"> -F, --pidfile <file> read PIDs from file</span><br><span class="line"> -L, --logpidfile fail if PID file is not locked</span><br><span class="line"> --ns <PID> match the processes that belong to the same</span><br><span class="line"> namespace as <pid></span><br><span class="line"> --nslist <ns,...> list which namespaces will be considered for</span><br><span class="line"> the --ns option.</span><br><span class="line"> Available namespaces: ipc, mnt, net, pid, user, uts</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>根据帮助文档可以看到，pkill除了具有kill的功能，还可以根据父进程ID杀死子进程，也可以根据用户ID杀掉终端中的用户进程</p>
<h3><span id="示例">示例：</span></h3><p>1.踢掉终端中的某个用户的连接<br><figure class="highlight plain hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">先用w查看连接用户</span><br><span class="line">10:15:58 up 20 days, 21:24, 1 user, load average: 0.07, 0.07, 0.02</span><br><span class="line">USER TTY FROM LOGIN@ IDLE JCPU PCPU WHAT</span><br><span class="line">test pts/3 10.1.21.56 10:15 1.00s 0.66s 0.00s w</span><br><span class="line">test pts/2 10.1.21.56 10:01 1.00s 0.66s 0.00s w</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">pkill -U test 可以踢掉所有的test连接</span><br><span class="line">pkill -t pts/2 可以踢掉指定的连接</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>2.可以踢掉14187所有的子进程<br><figure class="highlight plain hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">pkill -P 14187</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
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<h1 class="article-title is-size-3 is-size-4-mobile" itemprop="name">
<a href="/2016/03/23/mysql_transcation_isolation_level.html" itemprop="url">数据库事务隔离级别</a>
</h1>
<div class="article-meta columns is-variable is-1 is-multiline is-mobile is-size-7-mobile">
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<time datetime="2016-03-23T08:51:00.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">Mar 23 2016</time>
</span>
</div>
<div class="article-entry is-size-6-mobile" itemprop="articleBody">
<blockquote>
<p>数据库的事务隔离级别从低到高有Read Uncommitted、Read Committed、Repeatable Read、Serialization</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="Read-Uncommitted-未提交读"><a href="#Read-Uncommitted-未提交读" class="headerlink" title="Read Uncommitted 未提交读"></a>Read Uncommitted 未提交读</h3><p>RU级别，事务中的修改即使没有提交，对别的事务也是可见的，别的事务可以读取未提交的数据，就会造成脏读，实际应用中很少用。</p>
<blockquote>
<p>eg. 脏读：小明今天发工资，公司财务把1w块钱打到小明的卡上，这时候并未提交事务，小明一查1w块，怎么比平时多了2000，很开始，后来财务发现这个问题，又撤销了事务，小明最后卡里没得到钱，白开心一场。</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="Read-Committed-提交读"><a href="#Read-Committed-提交读" class="headerlink" title="Read Committed 提交读"></a>Read Committed 提交读</h3><p>RC级别，只有事务提交的数据才对其他的事务可见，但是一个事务在处理过程中如果多次执行相同条件的查询的话可能读到不同的数据，因为在执行完第一次查询以后可能会有其他事务修改了数据，这称之为不可重复读。<br>RC解决了脏读的问题，大多数的数据库采用的默认级别都是RC。</p>
<blockquote>
<p>eg. 不可重复读：小明刚发了工资8000块，拿着工资卡去给老婆买礼物，2000元的衣服，刷卡的时候系统检测到小明的卡里有8000，这时候小明的老婆在网上偷偷把8000转到了余额宝，最后从小明卡里扣钱的时候提示扣款失败，小明就很郁闷明明有钱，这就是不可重复读的问题。<br></p></blockquote>
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<a href="/2016/03/18/filter_by_bit_operate.html" itemprop="url">位运算在条件过滤中的应用</a>
</h1>
<div class="article-meta columns is-variable is-1 is-multiline is-mobile is-size-7-mobile">
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<time datetime="2016-03-18T02:56:13.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">Mar 18 2016</time>
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<a class="article-category-link" href="/categories/Algorithm/">Algorithm</a>
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<blockquote>
<p>比如有一些用户资源，需要根据用户的属性条件过滤，条件如下：</p>
<ul>
<li>是否认证用户</li>
<li>用户手机平台</li>
</ul>
</blockquote>
<p>假设资源在MySQL中的存储表定义如下<br><figure class="highlight php hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">id int</span><br><span class="line">resource varchar</span><br><span class="line">flag int</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>这儿<code>flag</code>是我定义的存储过滤条件的一个字段，对于条件值定义如下：<br><figure class="highlight php hljs"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">FLAG_AUTH_YES = <span class="hljs-number">0x01</span>; <span class="hljs-comment">//认证用户</span></span><br><span class="line">FLAG_AUTH_NO = <span class="hljs-number">0x02</span>; <span class="hljs-comment">//未认证用户</span></span><br><span class="line">FLAG_AUTH_ALL = <span class="hljs-number">0x0F</span>; <span class="hljs-comment">//不限制</span></span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">FLAG_OS_ANDROID = <span class="hljs-number">0x10</span>; <span class="hljs-comment">//Android</span></span><br><span class="line">FLAG_OS_IOS = <span class="hljs-number">0x20</span>; <span class="hljs-comment">//iOS</span></span><br><span class="line">FLAG_OS_WP = <span class="hljs-number">0x40</span>; <span class="hljs-comment">//WP</span></span><br><span class="line">FLAG_OS_ALL = <span class="hljs-number">0xF0</span>; <span class="hljs-comment">//不限制</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>根据定义我们知道，<code>flag</code>使用四位来存储一个条件，那么一个条件最多可以支持四种不同的情况。</p>
<h3 id="那么对于一条资源我们如何存储flag呢？"><a href="#那么对于一条资源我们如何存储flag呢？" class="headerlink" title="那么对于一条资源我们如何存储flag呢？"></a>那么对于一条资源我们如何存储<code>flag</code>呢？</h3><p>作按位与运算 ： <code>$flag = $auth | $os;</code><br>假设<code>$auth</code> 是<code>FLAG_AUTH_NO</code> 对应的二进制就是<code>0010</code>，<code>$os</code>是<code>FLAG_OS_IOS</code>对应的二进制是<code>0010 0000</code>，那么进行按位或以后flag的值就是<code>0010 0010</code>，对应的十进制就是34。</p>
<h3 id="在显示资源的列表的时候如何知道该资源的每个条件值呢？"><a href="#在显示资源的列表的时候如何知道该资源的每个条件值呢？" class="headerlink" title="在显示资源的列表的时候如何知道该资源的每个条件值呢？"></a>在显示资源的列表的时候如何知道该资源的每个条件值呢？</h3><p>对于上面存入的资源，我们可以使用<a href="http://baike.baidu.com/view/68.htm" title="掩码" target="_blank" rel="noopener">掩码</a>运算，对于<code>os</code>作按位与运算<br><code>$os = flag & FLAG_OS_ALL</code>，这样我们就可以得到<code>0010 0000</code>也就是<code>FLAG_OS_IOS</code>。<br></p>
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<a href="/2015/09/07/php-compile-configure-options.html" itemprop="url">PHP常用编译选项说明</a>
</h1>
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<time datetime="2015-09-07T09:38:29.000Z" itemprop="datePublished">Sep 7 2015</time>
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<h4><span id="编译选项">编译选项</span></h4><p>针对PHP的编译选项，可以参考PHP源码下面的<code>configure</code>文件，里面有详细的分类，下面挑选常用的选项作说明。</p>
<blockquote>
<p>在一个源代码下面如果有<code>configure</code>文件的话，可以使用<code>configure --help</code>查看编译选项。</p>
</blockquote>
<h4><span id="编译选项说明">编译选项说明</span></h4><ul>
<li>–prefix=/usr/local/php 指定php安装的路径</li>
<li>–with-config-file-path=xxx 指定php.ini文件的路径</li>
<li>–with-mysql=[DIR] DIR为MySQL安装根目录，添加MySQL支持</li>
<li>–with-mysql-sock 定位mysql的unix 套接字指针。如未指定，则按默认位置搜索</li>
<li>–with-mysqli=FILE 添加MySQLi支持，FILE是mysql_config文件的路径</li>
<li>–with-gd=[DIR] 添加GD库支持，DIR是GD库的根目录</li>
<li>–with-vpx-dir=DIR GD相关 libvpx安装目录</li>
<li>–with-jpeg-dir=DIR GD相关 libjpeg安装目录</li>
<li>–with-png-dir=DIR GD相关 libpng安装目录</li>
<li>–with-zlib-dir=DIR GD相关 libz安装目路</li>
<li>–with-xpm-dir=DIR GD相关 libXpm安装目录</li>
<li>–with-freetype-dir=DIR GD相关 FreeType 2安装目录</li>
<li>–disable-rpath 禁用传递其他的运行时库搜索路径</li>
<li>–enable-safe-mode 启用默认的安全模式 </li>
<li>–enable-fpm 启用php-fpm组件</li>
<li>–with-mcrypt=DIR 添加mcrypt支持，DIR为libmcrypt安装路径</li>
<li>–with-zlib 设置zlib的安装目录</li>
<li>–enable-mbstring 启用多字节字符串的支持</li>
<li>–with-openssl 启用openssl支持</li>
<li>–enable-pdo 添加pdo扩展支持</li>
<li>–with-pdo-mysql=[DIR] 添加对mysql的pdo支持，DIR为mysql的安装目录</li>
<li>–with-curl 添加curl扩展支持</li>
<li>–enable-sockets 启用Sockets支持</li>
<li>–enable-zip 启用zip支持</li>
</ul>
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