| No. | Pinyin | IPA-U | IPA-L |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | b | p | p |
| 2 | p | pʰ | pʰ |
| 3 | m | m | m |
| 4 | f | f | f |
| 5 | d | t | t |
| 6 | t | tʰ | tʰ |
| 7 | n | n | n |
| 8 | l | l | l |
| 9 | g | k | k |
| 10 | k | kʰ | kʰ |
| 11 | h | x | x |
| 12 | j | tɕ | tɕ |
| 13 | q | tɕʰ | tɕʰ |
| 14 | x | ɕ | ɕ |
| 15 | zh | tʂ | tʃ̺ |
| 16 | ch | tʂʰ | tʃ̺ʰ |
| 17 | sh | ʂ | ʃ̺ |
| 18 | r | ɻ | ɹ̺ |
| 19 | z | ts | ts |
| 20 | c | tsʰ | tsʰ |
| 21 | s | s | s |
| 22 | ∅ | ∅ | ∅ |
- ∅: Zero initial.
| No. | Pinyin | IPA-U | IPA-L |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | a | a | a |
| 2 | ia | ja | ia |
| 3 | ua | wa | ua |
| 4 | o | o | uo |
| 5 | io | jo | / |
| 6 | uo | wo | uo |
| 7 | e | ɤ | ɤ |
| 8 | ê | ɛ | / |
| 9 | ie | jɛ | ie |
| 10 | üe | ɥɛ | ye |
| 11 | i | i | i |
| 11a | i₁ | ɹ̩ | ɹ̩ |
| 11b | i₂ | ɻ̍ | ɹ̩ |
| 12 | u | u | u |
| 12a | u₁ | ʋ̩ | u |
| 13 | ü | y | y |
| 14 | ai | aɪ | ai |
| 15 | uai | waɪ | uai |
| 16 | ei | eɪ | ei |
| 17 | ui | weɪ | uei |
| 18 | ao | ɑʊ | au |
| 19 | iao | jɑʊ | iau |
| 20 | ou | oʊ | ou |
| 21 | iu | joʊ | iou |
| 22 | an | an | an |
| 23 | ian | jɛn | ien |
| 24 | uan | wan | uan |
| 25 | üan | ɥæn | yen |
| 26 | en | ən | ən |
| 27 | in | in | in |
| 28 | un | wən | uən |
| 29 | ün | yn | yn |
| 30 | ang | ɑŋ | aŋ |
| 31 | iang | jɑŋ | iaŋ |
| 32 | uang | wɑŋ | uaŋ |
| 33 | eng | ɤŋ | əŋ |
| 34 | ing | iŋ | iŋ |
| 35 | ueng | wɤŋ | uəŋ |
| 36 | ong | ʊŋ | uŋ |
| 37 | iong | jʊŋ | iuŋ |
| 38 | er | ɚ | ɚ |
| 39 | m | m̩ | / |
| 40 | n | n̩ | / |
| 41 | ng | ŋ̍ | / |
- i₁: i after z, c, and s.
- i₂: i after zh, ch, sh, and r.
- u₁: u after f.
- Although èr (二, 贰) is pronounced [ɐɚ˥˩] by most speakers now, its conservative varient [ɚ˥˩] is still used in IPA-U for simplicity.
| No. | Pinyin | IPA-U | IPA-L |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ar | a˞ | aɚ |
| 2 | iar | ja˞ | ia˞ɚ |
| 3 | uar | wa˞ | ua˞ɚ |
| 4 | or | o˞ | uo˞ |
| 5 | uor | wo˞ | uo˞ |
| 6 | er | ɤ˞ | ɤ˞ |
| 7 | ier | jɝ | iɚ |
| 8 | üer | ɥɝ | yɚ |
| 9 | ur | ʊ˞ | u˞ |
| 10 | anr/air | ɐɚ | aɚ |
| 11 | ianr | jɐɚ | iəɚ |
| 12 | uanr/uair | wɐɚ | ua˞ɚ |
| 13 | üanr | ɥɐɚ | yəɚ |
| 14 | enr/eir/ir₁ | ɚ | əɚ |
| 15 | inr/ir | iɚ | iɚ |
| 16 | unr/uir | wɚ | uəɚ |
| 17 | ünr/ür | yɚ | yɚ |
| 18 | aor | ɑ˞ʊ˞ | au˞ |
| 19 | iaor | jɑ˞ʊ˞ | ia˞u˞ |
| 20 | our | o˞ʊ˞ | ou˞ |
| 21 | iur | jo˞ʊ˞ | io˞u˞ |
| 22 | angr | ɑ̃˞ | ãɚ̃ |
| 23 | iangr | jɑ̃˞ | ĩã˞ɚ̃ |
| 24 | uangr | wɑ̃˞ | ũã˞ɚ̃ |
| 25 | engr | ɤ̃˞ | ə̃ɚ̃ |
| 26 | ingr | iɘ̃˞ | ĩɚ̃ |
| 27 | uengr | wɤ̃˞ | ũə̃ɚ̃ |
| 28 | ongr | ʊ̃˞ | ũ˞ |
| 29 | iongr | jʊ̃˞ | ĩũ˞ |
- ir₁: ir after zh, ch, sh, r, z, c, and s. IPA-L transcribes ir₁ as [ɹ̩ɚ], different from enr/eir. This is incorrect for Standard Chinese or Beijing Mandarin.
| No. | Pinyin | IPA-U | IPA-L |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ◌̄ | ˥ | ˥ |
| 2 | ◌́ | ˧˥ | ˧˥ |
| 3 | ◌̌ | ˨˩˦ | ˨˩˧ |
| 4 | ◌̀ | ˥˩ | ˥˩ |
| 5 | ∅ | ∅ | * |
- ∅: Neutral tone (轻声). In IPA-U, no tone letters are written for neutral-tone syllables. In IPA-L, neutral tones are ˧˩, ˥˩, ˧, and ˩ when following the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th tones, respectively.
- No.: Index of phonemes.
- Pinyin: Hànyǔ Pīnyīn (汉语拼音), the official romanization system of Standard Chinese.
- IPA-U: The broad transcription of fairly conservative varieties by unt[1].
- IPA-L: The broad transcription of younger speakers in Beijing by Wai-Sum Lee & Eric Zee[2].
- unt. 新老派普通话的宽严式记音（含儿化韵）.
- Wai-Sum Lee, Eric Zee. Standard Chinese (Beijing). Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 2003, 33 (1): 109–112.