fix(profiling): add debug asserts for our stack assumptions (#9689) [backport-2.10] #54553

Job	Run time
build-and-publish-latest-snapshot-image	0s
test_unit (dd-lib-python-init-test-django)	2m 57s
test_unit (dd-lib-python-init-test-django-gunicorn)	3m 15s
test_unit_no_instrumentation (dd-lib-python-init-test-django-unsupported-python)	3m 20s
test_unit (dd-lib-python-init-test-django-gunicorn-alpine)	3m 2s
test_unit_no_instrumentation (dd-lib-python-init-test-django-unsupported-package)	3m 15s
test_unit (dd-lib-python-init-test-django-uvicorn)	3m 4s
test_unit (dd-lib-python-init-test-django-no-perms)	3m 7s
test_unit (dd-lib-python-init-test-django-pre-installed)	3m 10s
test_unit (dd-lib-python-init-test-django-unsupported-package-force)	3m 3s
build-and-publish-test-image / wait_for_package	8s
build-and-publish-test-image / build_push / build_push	12m 22s
test-runner-test (dd-lib-python-init-test-django)	4m 32s
test-runner-test (dd-lib-python-init-test-django-gunicorn)	4m 31s
test-runner-test (dd-lib-python-init-test-django-uvicorn)	4m 10s
	53m 56s

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