Adding oauthn

[ZohebShaikh]

This pull request introduces a new authentication mechanism using OAuth2 and JWT tokens, along with various related changes across multiple files to integrate this functionality.

Authentication Integration:

• Added Authentication and AuthenticationType classes to handle OAuth2 device flow and PKCE authentication, including methods for token management (src/blueapi/service/authentication.py).
• Updated main.py to include OAuth2 authorization code flow and token validation using the new Authentication class (src/blueapi/service/main.py).

CLI Enhancements:

• Added a new login command to the CLI to initiate the device flow authentication (src/blueapi/cli/cli.py).

REST Client Updates:

• Modified the REST client to include authorization headers with JWT tokens in requests (src/blueapi/client/rest.py).

Dependency Additions:

• Added PyJWT and python-multipart to the project dependencies (pyproject.toml).

Alternative to the authentication were investigated:-

Client Libraries

• Authomatic
• Python Social Auth is an OAuth and OAuth2 client for a multitude of services.
• Authlib has built-in OAuth 2 client for Flask and Django.
• Requests-OAuthlib has OAuth library support for Python Requests.
• mozilla-django-oidc is a lightweight Django authentication and access management library for integration with OpenID Connect enabled authentication services.

In the end I decided to not use them as we just need to make 2 requests and there is not that much error handling required as well ... We can look into integrating on of the above mentioned alternatives for the OAuth device flow integration.

For the PKCE Flow I have used the FastAPI support to implement the OAuth2

[DiamondJoseph]

Looks mostly right, we'll talk tomorrow about how it's been going

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 98.61111% with 3 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 93.12%. Comparing base (ac0fee8) to head (5cff5ae).
Report is 2 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/blueapi/service/main.py	88.88%	3 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main     #655      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   92.56%   93.12%   +0.56%     
==========================================
  Files          35       36       +1     
  Lines        1654     1862     +208     
==========================================
+ Hits         1531     1734     +203     
- Misses        123      128       +5     

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[DiamondJoseph]

Bunch of little nits because I am a bad person

[DiamondJoseph]

These parts of this ficture really want to be seperated so we can test with auth and with requiring login and with auth and already logged in.

[DiamondJoseph]

Mostly just nits, but if you don't do them I'll go back and change them later