OpenBCI_Python

The Python software library designed to work with OpenBCI hardware.

Please direct any questions, suggestions and bug reports to the github repo at: https://github.com/OpenBCI/OpenBCI_Python

Dependancies:

• Python 2.7 or later (https://www.python.org/download/releases/2.7/)
• Numpy 1.7 or later (http://www.numpy.org/)
• Yapsy -- if using pluging via user.py (http://yapsy.sourceforge.net/)

NOTE: For comprehensive list see requirments.txt: (https://github.com/OpenBCI/OpenBCI_Python/blob/master/requirements.txt)

OpenBCI 8 and 32 bit board with 8 or 16 channels.

This library includes the main open_bci_v3 class definition that instantiates an OpenBCI Board object. This object will initialize communication with the board and get the environment ready for data streaming. This library is designed to work with iOS and Linux distributions. To use a Windows OS, change the init function in open_bci_v3.py to establish a serial connection in Windows.

For additional details on connecting your Cyton board visit: http://docs.openbci.com/Hardware/02-Cyton

Ganglion Board

The Ganglion board relies on Bluetooth Low Energy connectivity (BLE). You should also retrieve the bluepy submodule for a more up-to-date version than the version 1.0.5 available at that time through pip. To do so, clone this repo with the --recursive flag then type make inside bluepy/bluepy. Note that you may need to run the script with root privileges to for some functionality, e.g. auto-detect MAC address.

You may also need to alter the settings of your bluetooth adapter in order to reduce latency and avoid packet drops -- e.g. if the terminal spams "Warning: Dropped 1 packets" several times a seconds, DO THAT.

On linux, assuming hci0 is the name of your bluetooth adapter:

sudo bash -c 'echo 9 > /sys/kernel/debug/bluetooth/hci0/conn_min_interval'

sudo bash -c 'echo 10 > /sys/kernel/debug/bluetooth/hci0/conn_max_interval'

Audience:

This python code is meant to be used by people familiar with python and programming in general. It's purpose is to allow for programmers to interface with OpenBCI technology directly, both to acquire data and to write programs that can use that data on a live setting, using python.

If this is not what you are looking for, you can visit http://openbci.com/downloads and browse other OpenBCI software that will fit your needs.

Functionality

Basic usage

The startStreaming function of the Board object takes a callback function and begins streaming data from the board. Each packet it receives is then parsed as an OpenBCISample which is passed to the callback function as an argument.

OpenBCISample members: -id: int from 0-255. Used to tell if packets were skipped.

-channel_data: 8 int array with current voltage value of each channel (1-8)

-aux_data: 3 int array with current auxiliary data. (0s by default)

user.py

This code provides a simple user interface (called user.py) to handle various plugins and communicate with the board. To use it, connect the board to your computer using the dongle (see http://docs.openbci.com/tutorials/01-GettingStarted for details).

Then simply run the code given as an argument the port your board is connected to: Ex Linux:

$python user.py -p /dev/ttyUSB0

The program should establish a serial connection and reset the board to default settings. When a '-->' appears, you can type a character (character map http://docs.openbci.com/software/01-OpenBCI_SDK) that will be sent to the board using ser.write. This allows you to change the settings on the board.

A good first test is to try is to type '?':

--> ?

This should output the current configuration settings on the board.

Another test would be to change the board settings so that all the pins in the board are internally connected to a test (square) wave. To do this, type:

--> [

Alternatively, there are 6 test signals pre configured:

--> /test1 (connect all pins to ground)

--> /test2 (connect all pins to vcc)

--> /test3 (Connecting pins to low frequency 1x amp signal)

--> /test4 (Connecting pins to high frequency 1x amp signal)

--> /test5 (Connecting pins to low frequency 2x amp signal)

--> /test6 (Connecting pins to high frequency 2x amp signal)

The / is used in the interface to execute a pre-configured command. Writing anything without a preceding '/' will automatically write those characters, one by one, to the board.

For example, writing

-->x3020000X will do the following:

‘x’ enters Channel Settings mode. Channel 3 is set up to be powered up, with gain of 2, normal input, removed from BIAS generation, removed from SRB2, removed from SRB1. The final ‘X’ latches the settings to the ADS1299 channel settings register.

Pre-configured commands that use the / prefix are:

test (As explained above)

--> /test4

start selected plugins (see below)

--> /start

Adding the argument "T:number" will set a timeout on the start command.

--> /start T:5

Stop the steam to issue new commands

--> /stop

Useful commands:

Writting to SD card a high frequency square wave (test5) for 3 seconds:

$ python user.py -p /dev/ttyUSB0
User serial interface enabled...
Connecting to  /dev/ttyUSB0
Serial established...
View command map at http://docs.openbci.com.
Type start to run. Type /exit to exit.

--> 
OpenBCI V3 8bit Board
Setting ADS1299 Channel Values
ADS1299 Device ID: 0x3E
LIS3DH Device ID: 0x33
Free RAM: 447
$$$
--> /test5
Warning: Connecting pins to high frequency 2x amp signal

--> a
Corresponding SD file OBCI_18.TXT$$$
--> /start T:3

NOTES:

When writing to the board and expecting a response, give the board a second. It sometimes lags and requires the user to hit enter on the user.py script until you get a response.

Ganglion

The Ganglion board is currently supported only on Linux. The communication is made directly through bluetooth (BLE), instead of using a dongle through a serial port. To launch the script, auto-detect the bluetooth MAC address of the nearby board and print values upon /start:

$sudo python user.py --board ganglion --add print

Note that if you want to configure manually the board, the API differs from the Cyton, refer to the proper documentation, i.e. http://docs.openbci.com/OpenBCI%20Software/06-OpenBCI_Ganglion_SDK

Plugins

Use plugins

Select the print plugin:

$python user.py -p /dev/ttyUSB0 --add print

Plugin with optional parameter:

$python user.py -p /dev/ttyUSB0 --add csv_collect record.csv

Select several plugins, e.g. streaming to OSC and displaying effective sample rate:

$python user.py -p /dev/ttyUSB0 --add streamer_osc --add sample_rate

Note: type /start to launch the selected plugins.

Create new plugins

Add new functionalities to user.py by creating new scripts inside the plugins folder. You class must inherit from yapsy.IPlugin, see below a minimal example with print plugin:

	import plugin_interface as plugintypes
	
	class PluginPrint(plugintypes.IPluginExtended):
		def activate(self):
			print "Print activated"
		
		def deactivate(self):
			print "Goodbye"
			
		def show_help(self):
			print "I do not need any parameter, just printing stuff."
				
		# called with each new sample
		def __call__(self, sample):
			print "----------------"
			print("%f" %(sample.id))
			print sample.channel_data
			print sample.aux_data

Describe your plugin with a corresponding print.yapsy-plugin:

	[Core]
	Name = print
	Module = print

	[Documentation]
	Author = Various
	Version = 0.1
	Description = Print board values on stdout

You're done, your plugin should be automatically detected by user.py.

Existing plugins

• print: Display sample values -- verbose output!

• csv_collect: Export data to a csv file.

• sample_rate: Print effective sampling rate averaged over XX seconds (default: 10).

• streamer_tcp: Acts as a TCP server, using a "raw" protocol to send value.

  • The stream can be acquired with OpenViBE acquisition server, selecting telnet, big endian, float 32 bits, forcing 250 sampling rate (125 if daisy mode is used).
  • Default IP: localhost, default port: 12345

• streamer_osc: Data is sent through OSC (UDP layer).

  • Default IP: localhost, default port: 12345, default stream name: /openbci
  • Requires pyosc. On linux type either pip install --pre pyosc as root, or pip install --pre --user.

• udp_server: Very simple UDP server that sends data as json. Made to work with: https://github.com/OpenBCI/OpenBCI_Node

  • Default IP: 127.0.0.1, default port: 8888

• streamer_lsl: Data is sent through LSL.

  • Default EEG stream name "OpenBCI_EEG", ID "openbci_eeg_id1"; default AUX stream name "OpenBCI_AUX", ID "openbci_aux_id1".
  • Requires LSL library. Download last version from offcial site, e.g., ftp://sccn.ucsd.edu/pub/software/LSL/SDK/liblsl-Python-1.10.2.zip and unzip files in a "lib" folder at the same level as user.py.

Tip: Type python user.py --list to list available plugins and python user.py --help [plugin_name] to get more information.

Scripts

In the scripts folder you will find code snippets that use directly the OpenBCIBoard class from open_bci_v3.py.

Note: copy open_bci_v3.py there if you want to run the code -- no proper package yet.

• test.py: minimal example, printing values.
• stream_data.py a version of a TCP streaming server that somehow oversamples OpenBCI from 250 to 256Hz.
• upd_server.py DEPRECATED (Use Plugin): see https://github.com/OpenBCI/OpenBCI_Node for implementation example.