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 year,month,day,author,title,abstract
-2024,11,5,Konstantin Filatov (HSE University), "Reading group: François, Alexandre. 2014. Trees, waves and linkages: Models of language diversification","Contrary to widespread belief, there is no reason to think that language diversification typically follows a tree-like pattern, consisting of a nested series of neat splits. Except for the odd case of language isolation or swift migration and dispersal, the normal situation is for language change to involve multiple events of diffusion across mutually intelligible idiolects in a network, typically distributed into conflicting isoglosses. Insofar as these events of language-internal diffusion are later reflected in descendant languages, the sort of language family they define - a "linkage" (Ross 1988) - is one in which genealogical relations cannot be represented by a tree, but only by a diagram in which subgroups intersect. Non-cladistic models are needed to represent language genealogy, in ways that take into account the common case of linkages and intersecting subgroups. This paper will focus on an approach that combines the precision of the Comparative Method with the realism of the Wave Model. This method, labeled Historical Glottometry, identifies genealogical subgroups in a linkage situation, and assesses their relative strengths based on the distribution of innovations among modern languages. Provided it is applied with the rigour inherent to the Comparative Method, Historical Glottometry should help unravel the genealogical structures of the world's language families, by acknowledging the role played by linguistic convergence and diffusion in the historical processes of language diversification."
+2024,11,5,Konstantin Filatov (HSE University), Reading group: Alexandre François (2014) Trees, waves and linkages: Models of language diversification,"Contrary to widespread belief, there is no reason to think that language diversification typically follows a tree-like pattern, consisting of a nested series of neat splits. Except for the odd case of language isolation or swift migration and dispersal, the normal situation is for language change to involve multiple events of diffusion across mutually intelligible idiolects in a network, typically distributed into conflicting isoglosses. Insofar as these events of language-internal diffusion are later reflected in descendant languages, the sort of language family they define - a "linkage" (Ross 1988) - is one in which genealogical relations cannot be represented by a tree, but only by a diagram in which subgroups intersect. Non-cladistic models are needed to represent language genealogy, in ways that take into account the common case of linkages and intersecting subgroups. This paper will focus on an approach that combines the precision of the Comparative Method with the realism of the Wave Model. This method, labeled Historical Glottometry, identifies genealogical subgroups in a linkage situation, and assesses their relative strengths based on the distribution of innovations among modern languages. Provided it is applied with the rigour inherent to the Comparative Method, Historical Glottometry should help unravel the genealogical structures of the world's language families, by acknowledging the role played by linguistic convergence and diffusion in the historical processes of language diversification."
 2024,10,29,Polina Nasledskova (HSE University),Typology of ways of expressing ordinal meaning: work in progress,"Languages of the world vary with respect to the way they form ordinal numerals: some languages form them using a specialized ordinal marker, some languages form ordinals with a marker that is not specialized, and some languages lack ordinal numerals altogether. In this talk, I am going to present a classification of ordinal markers and other ways of expressing ordinal meaning based on a sample of 100 languages. As this is a work in progress, I am also going to discuss some challenges I am facing while working on this topic."
 2024,10,22,Alexander Rostovtsev-Popiel (Mainz University),Suppletion and Selective Restrictions in the Kartvelian Verb,"This talk is about suppletion and selectional restrictions in the Kartvelian verb. This phenomenon, albeit well-known and widely acknowledged, has never been subject to a dedicated study. Suppletion in Kartvelian has a number of facets that are distributed among a number of diverse domains of linguistic structure, viz. morphology, morphosyntax, semantics, and social deixis, as well as cross-sections thereof. This talk thus aims to provide a concise overview on the patterns found in Kartvelian and categorize them in scalar format."
 2024,10,15,"Akhmed Dugrichilov, Taisia Trenikhina, Maksim Melenchenko (HSE University)",The typological database of vigesimal numeral systems,"In our talk, we present the typological database of vigesimal (base-‘20’) numeral systems in languages of the world, which is currently in development. First, we discuss some theoretical problems of numeral systems, the solutions implemented in existing typological databases (WALS and Grambank) and their shortcomings. Then we describe the details of our approach and the preliminary results of the project. We have created a sample of 256 languages which are claimed to have vigesimal systems by Grambank or WALS and annotated 73 so far, focusing on two linguistic areas with high concentration of base ‘20’: Mesoamerica and Papunesia. We show that the distribution of types of numeral systems differs significantly from the one presented by the Grambank data. This is caused not only by annotation mistakes in Grambank but also by the application of a more strict methodology in our study."