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Tricore: add a FCALL calling convention #7331

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Tricore: add a FCALL calling convention #7331

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c8246d6
Tricore: add support for FCALL routines
esaulenka Dec 29, 2024
1035d3e
Tricore FCALL set calling convention automatically
esaulenka Dec 29, 2024
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79 changes: 79 additions & 0 deletions Ghidra/Processors/tricore/data/languages/tricore.cspec
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -124,6 +124,85 @@
the correct return storage location when there are multiple return location types
-->

<!-- The same as __stdcall, but with a different stackshift to support FCALL / FRET opcodes -->
<prototype name="__fastcall" extrapop="4" stackshift="4">
<input>
<pentry minsize="4" maxsize="4" storage="hiddenret">
<register name="a4"/>
</pentry>
<pentry minsize="4" maxsize="4" metatype="ptr"> <!-- This is the first pointer -->
<register name="a4"/>
</pentry>
<pentry minsize="4" maxsize="4" metatype="ptr">
<register name="a5"/>
</pentry>
<pentry minsize="4" maxsize="4" metatype="ptr">
<register name="a6"/>
</pentry>
<pentry minsize="4" maxsize="4" metatype="ptr">
<register name="a7"/>
</pentry>
<pentry minsize="1" maxsize="4" extension="inttype"> <!-- This is the first non pointer -->
<register name="d4"/>
</pentry>
<pentry minsize="1" maxsize="4" extension="inttype">
<register name="d5"/>
</pentry>
<pentry minsize="5" maxsize="8"> <!-- This is the first >4 byte non pointer -->
<register name="e4"/>
</pentry>
<pentry minsize="1" maxsize="4" extension="inttype">
<register name="d6"/>
</pentry>
<pentry minsize="1" maxsize="4" extension="inttype">
<register name="d7"/>
</pentry>
<pentry minsize="5" maxsize="8">
<register name="e6"/>
</pentry>
<pentry minsize="1" maxsize="500" align="4">
<addr offset="0" space="stack"/>
</pentry>
<rule>
<datatype name="struct" minsize="17"/>
<convert_to_ptr/>
</rule>
</input>

<output>
<pentry minsize="4" maxsize="4" metatype="ptr">
<register name="a2"/>
</pentry>
<pentry minsize="1" maxsize="4" extension="inttype">
<register name="d2"/>
</pentry>
<pentry minsize="5" maxsize="8">
<register name="e2"/>
</pentry>
</output>
<unaffected>
<register name="d8"/>
<register name="d9"/>
<register name="d10"/>
<register name="d11"/>
<register name="d12"/>
<register name="d13"/>
<register name="d14"/>
<register name="d15"/>
<register name="a0"/>
<register name="a1"/>
<register name="a8"/>
<register name="a9"/>
<register name="a10"/>
<register name="a11"/>
<register name="a12"/>
<register name="a13"/>
<register name="a14"/>
<register name="a15"/>
</unaffected>
</prototype>


<callotherfixup targetop="saveCallerState">
<pcode>
<input name="fcx"/>
Expand Down
112 changes: 112 additions & 0 deletions ...rocessors/tricore/src/main/java/ghidra/app/plugin/core/analysis/TricoreFCallAnalyzer.java
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
/* ###
* IP: GHIDRA
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/
package ghidra.app.plugin.core.analysis;

import java.math.BigInteger;

import ghidra.app.services.AbstractAnalyzer;
import ghidra.app.services.AnalysisPriority;
import ghidra.app.services.AnalyzerType;
import ghidra.app.util.importer.MessageLog;
import ghidra.program.model.address.AddressSetView;
import ghidra.program.model.lang.Processor;
import ghidra.program.model.lang.Register;
import ghidra.program.model.lang.RegisterValue;
import ghidra.program.model.listing.Function;
import ghidra.program.model.listing.FunctionIterator;
import ghidra.program.model.listing.Instruction;
import ghidra.program.model.listing.InstructionIterator;
import ghidra.program.model.listing.Program;
import ghidra.program.model.symbol.SourceType;
import ghidra.util.Msg;
import ghidra.util.exception.CancelledException;
import ghidra.util.exception.InvalidInputException;
import ghidra.util.task.TaskMonitor;

public class TricoreFCallAnalyzer extends AbstractAnalyzer {

private static final String NAME = "Tricore FCall Analyzer";
private static final String DESCRIPTION = "Analyzes Tricore programs to find routines called by FCALL opcode. This analyzer looks at the type of return used for the function to identify the calling convention.";

public TricoreFCallAnalyzer() {
super(NAME, DESCRIPTION, AnalyzerType.FUNCTION_ANALYZER);
setPriority(AnalysisPriority.FUNCTION_ANALYSIS);
setDefaultEnablement(true);
}

@Override
public boolean canAnalyze(Program program) {
// Only analyze Tricore Programs
Processor processor = program.getLanguage().getProcessor();

boolean canDo = processor.equals(Processor.findOrPossiblyCreateProcessor("tricore"));
return canDo;
}

void checkReturn(Program program, Instruction instr) {
String mnemonic = instr.getMnemonicString().toLowerCase();

if (instr == null || !instr.getFlowType().isTerminal()) {
return;
}
if (mnemonic.equals("fret")) {
setPrototypeModel(program, instr, "__fastcall");
return;
}
}

private void setPrototypeModel(Program program, Instruction instr, String convention) {
if (convention == null) {
return;
}

Function func = program.getFunctionManager().getFunctionContaining(instr.getMinAddress());
if (func == null) {
return;
}

if (func.getSignatureSource() != SourceType.DEFAULT) {
return;
}

try {
func.setCallingConvention(convention);
} catch (InvalidInputException e) {
Msg.error(this, "Unexpected Exception: " + e.getMessage(), e);
}
}

@Override
public boolean added(Program program, AddressSetView set, TaskMonitor monitor, MessageLog log)
throws CancelledException {

// get all functions within the set
FunctionIterator functions = program.getFunctionManager().getFunctions(set, true);
for (Function function : functions) {

// for each function body, search instructions
AddressSetView body = function.getBody();
InstructionIterator instructions = program.getListing().getInstructions(body, true);
for (Instruction instr : instructions) {
if (instr.getFlowType().isTerminal()) {
checkReturn(program, instr);
}
}
}
return true;
}

}