Refactor: Add arguments block to main MatNWB api functions

[ehennestad]

Motivation

• Use argument blocks for better input validation of user-facing functions
• Improve test coverage

How to test the behavior?

Show here how to reproduce the new behavior (can be a bug fix or a new feature)

Checklist

• Have you ensured the PR description clearly describes the problem and solutions?
• Have you checked to ensure that there aren't other open or previously closed Pull Requests for the same change?
• If this PR fixes an issue, is the first line of the PR description fix #XX where XX is the issue number?

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 91.60000% with 21 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 92.06%. Comparing base (d970ef1) to head (a78a239).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
+file/fillValidators.m	46.66%	8 Missing ⚠️
+io/+spec/readEmbeddedSpecifications.m	85.18%	4 Missing ⚠️
+matnwb/+common/mustBeValidSchemaVersion.m	85.71%	2 Missing ⚠️
NwbFile.m	92.59%	2 Missing ⚠️
nwbRead.m	95.00%	2 Missing ⚠️
+io/+spec/+internal/readEmbeddedSpecLocation.m	90.00%	1 Missing ⚠️
generateCore.m	94.11%	1 Missing ⚠️
generateExtension.m	95.23%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #619      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   90.80%   92.06%   +1.25%     
==========================================
  Files         107      114       +7     
  Lines        4774     4750      -24     
==========================================
+ Hits         4335     4373      +38     
+ Misses        439      377      -62     

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