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@Autowired 和 @Resource 都是用来实现依赖注入的注解(在 Spring/Spring Boot 项目中),但二者却有着 5 点不同: | ||
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- 来源不同:@Autowired 来自 Spring 框架,而 @Resource 来自于(Java)JSR-250; | ||
- 依赖查找的顺序不同:@Autowired 先根据类型再根据名称查询,而 @Resource 先根据名称再根据类型查询; | ||
- 支持的参数不同:@Autowired 只支持设置 1 个参数,而 @Resource 支持设置 7 个参数; | ||
- 依赖注入的用法支持不同:@Autowired 既支持构造方法注入,又支持属性注入和 Setter 注入,而 @Resource 只支持属性注入和 Setter 注入; | ||
- 编译器 IDEA 的提示不同:当注入 Mapper 对象时,使用 @Autowired 注解编译器会提示错误,而使用 @Resource 注解则不会提示错误。 | ||
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### 参考 | ||
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- [CSDN-@Autowired 和@Resource 到底有什么区别](https://blog.csdn.net/xhbzl/article/details/126765893) |
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# Spring Security | ||
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认证、授权、防止攻击 | ||
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[官方参考文档](https://docs.spring.io/spring-security/reference/index.html) | ||
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这样的安全框架还有, | ||
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[Apache Shiro](https://shiro.apache.org/) | ||
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[Sa-Token](https://sa-token.cc/) |
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# Oauth2 | ||
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Oauth2 是目前最流行的授权机制,用来授权第三方应用,获取用户数据。 | ||
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Oauth2 有四种角色,一个是客户端,一个是资源所有者,一个是授权服务器,还有一个是资源服务器。 | ||
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### Oauth2 四种认证方式 | ||
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- 授权码模式(authorization code):要授权,同意,给授权码,拿授权码要令牌 | ||
- 简化模式(隐藏模式)(implicit):要授权,同意,直接拿令牌,**_一般是第三方应用只有前端_** | ||
- 密码模式(resource owner password credentials),要授权,直接给用户名和密码,**_及其信任,很少用到_** | ||
- 客户端模式(client credentials),要授权,直接给令牌;**_一般是第三方应用的后端,同时支持很多自己的用户_** | ||
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不管是哪一种授权方式,第三方应用申请令牌之前,都必须先到系统备案,说明自己的身份,然后拿到两个身份的识别码,客户端和客户端密钥,这是防止密钥被滥用,没有备案过的第三方的应用,是不会拿到令牌的 | ||
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### 参考文档 | ||
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- [CSDN-前言技术之 Oauth2 全方面介绍](https://blog.csdn.net/m0_53151031/article/details/123737336) |
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# 认证 | ||
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参考 [Spring Security 认证](https://springdoc.cn/spring-security/servlet/authentication/index.html#servlet-authentication-mechanisms) | ||
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### 认证机制 | ||
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- Username 和 Password - 如何用用户名/密码进行认证 | ||
- OAuth 2.0 Login - 使用 OpenID Connect 和非标准的 OAuth 2.0 登录(即 GitHub)的 OAuth 2.0 登录。 | ||
- SAML 2.0 Login - SAML 2.0 登录 | ||
- Central Authentication Server (CAS) - 中央认证服务器(CAS)支持。 | ||
- Remember Me - 如何记住一个过了 session 有效期的用户。 | ||
- JAAS Authentication - 用 JAAS 进行认证 | ||
- Pre-Authentication Scenarios - 使用外部机制(如 SiteMinder 或 Java EE security)进行认证,但仍使用 Spring Security 进行授权并保护其免受常见漏洞的侵害。 | ||
- X509 Authentication - X509 认证 |
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参考 [Spring Security 防范漏洞攻击](https://springdoc.cn/spring-security/features/exploits/index.html) | ||
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包括: | ||
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- CSRF 跨站请求伪造 | ||
- HTTP Header : Spring Security 提供了一套默认的安全相关的 HTTP 响应头,以提供安全的默认值。 | ||
- HTTP : 所有基于 HTTP 的通信,包括 静态资源,都应该通过使用 TLS 进行保护。作为一个框架,Spring Security 并不处理 HTTP 连接,因此并不直接提供对 HTTPS 的支持。然而,它确实提供了一些有助于 HTTPS 使用的功能。 |
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