feat: add authentication

[Jone-Torgersen]

Description

• Adds authentication using MSAL.
• Enables authentication on backend endpoints
• Adds logout button to user menu

Testing Done

Type of change

• Bug fix (non-breaking change that resolves an issue)
• New feature (non-breaking change that adds functionality)
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to break)
• Documentation update required for this change

Checklist:

• My code adheres to the style guidelines of this project
• I have performed a self-review of my code
• I have added comments to my code, especially in complex areas
• I have updated the documentation accordingly
• My changes do not introduce any new warnings
• I have added tests to validate the effectiveness of my fix or the functionality of my feature
• Both new and existing unit tests pass locally with my changes
• I have considered and addressed any potential security implications