winice

Same as nice but for Windows. Same same but different... This is a simple (or better, simplistic) program that mimics Unix's own nice. Hope it'll keep you entertained.

Wi nice?

Because I couldn't find any easy-peasy way to start a process from Java with a given priority class. I first tried my luck with the obvious:

    cmd /c start /belownormal /wait /b my.exe some args

But the Java ProcessBuilder didn't quite like that and gave me endless trouble with stream redirection. So I started looking for a stinking, standalone exe I could just dump on any recent Windows box and that depended only on libraries already shipping with Windows, so I could easily bundle it with a Java app. That ruled out my first candidate, GNU Core Utils. So I watched the GUI parade coming out of my Google search. Entertaining, but not exactly what I was hoping for. Then I Googled some more. And more. After a whole day of scratching around (ya, my Google-foo must suck!) I came to the conclusion that I might just as well spend the next day writing it myself, and that's what I did.

Usage

Very similar to nice on Unix.

    nice [-n niceness] [COMMAND [ARG]...]

Runs COMMAND with a niceness value, which affects [process scheduling] win-scheduling. If you specify a COMMAND but no niceness (i.e. no -n option) then it runs COMMAND with a niceness value of 10. With no COMMAND and no niceness, it just prints the current niceness value to stdout.

Niceness values range from -20 (most favorable to the process) to 19 (least favorable to the process) and are converted to Windows priority classes as below. (In each range, values are inclusive.)

• -20 to -15: Real Time
• -14 to -8: High
• -7 to -1: Above Normal
• 0 to 6: Normal
• 7 to 13: Below Normal
• 14 to 19: Idle

Any value less than -20 has the same effect as -20. Likewise, any value greater than 19 has the same effect as 19. In the reverse direction, priority classes map to niceness values as below.

• Real Time: -19
• High: -14
• Above Normal: -7
• Normal: 0
• Below Normal: 7
• Idle: 14

Note that to run a process with a Real Time priority, you need to have admin rights. If you use nice as a normal user and specify any niceness value less then -14, you get a priority of High. For example, this is what you get with no admin rights when nice-ing nice itself:

    > nice -n -20 nice
    > -14

But if you run the same command as an admin, you get:

    > nice -n -20 nice
    > -19

That is, this time you get a priority of -19 = Real Time.

Installation

Download the latest release. On Windows 8 and above, just grab the nice.exe binary file and dump it into some directory. (You may also want to add that directory to your PATH.) For Windows 7 this should work as well, provided you've kept your system up-to-date. In fact, winice needs the .NET framework 4.0 or above to run. Windows 7 initially didn't ship with .NET, but recent Windows 7 updates include it. If you want to run winice on earlier versions of Windows, you'll need to install .NET 4.0 or any later version.

Hacking

The program is written in C#, targeting .NET 4.0. The reason for using 4.0 rather than a later version is that many Windows 7 boxes are likely to have 4.0 and 4.0 runs on later 4.x .NET versions too. You'll find a Visual Studio solution win-nice.sln in the root directory. The code is pretty straightforward. The main is in the Program class. The first step is to parse the command line arguments to figure out what task to run. Each task implements the ITask interface and gets fed the parsed command line arguments. Currently there are only two tasks: the one to print the current niceness value and the other to run a process with a given scheduling priority. I'm pretty sure you can figure out the rest on your own...