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Update h_infiltration.rst
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leendertvanwolfswinkel authored Nov 8, 2023
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Expand Up @@ -14,15 +14,15 @@ Infiltration is the process of water slowly sinking into the soil. The infiltrat

In 3Di, the infiltration rate in mm/day is defined for each subgrid cell. The infiltration is computed per computational cell. Therefore, the infiltration rate per pixel is translated to values per computational cell and can depend on the water level.

When using the subgrid method, water starts filling a cell from the lowest subgrid cell. When simulating rainfall-runoff scenarios, the overall water depths are relatively small. Therefore, often only a small part of a computational cell is wet. If the infiltration rate is low in the wet part of the cell, the infiltration will be limited. In reality however, rain falls over a full spatial domain, and reaches the lowest areas only after a while. It might be infiltrated before it reaches those areas. Therefore, the total infiltration rate per computational can be made dependent of the rain. A user does not only define the infiltration rates, but also the *infiltration_surface_option* which can be found in the global settings table. In Fig. 29, an overview of the various types is given.
When using the subgrid method, water starts filling a cell from the lowest subgrid cell. When simulating rainfall-runoff scenarios, the overall water depths are relatively small. Therefore, often only a small part of a computational cell is wet. If the infiltration rate is low in the wet part of the cell, the infiltration will be limited. In reality however, rain falls over a full spatial domain, and reaches the lowest areas only after a while. It might be infiltrated before it reaches those areas. Therefore, the total infiltration rate per computational can be made dependent on the rain. A user does not only define the infiltration rates, but also the *infiltration_surface_option* which can be found in the global settings table. In Fig. 29, an overview of the various types is given.

.. figure:: image/b_infiltration_pixel_cell.png
:alt: infiltration_pixel_cell

Infiltration during rainfall acts on the entire surface within one computational cell (left). When rain stops, infiltration only acts on those pixels below the water level.


In the first option, the infiltration rate in a cell is defined based on the assumption that the entire cell is wet. In other words, the infiltration rate in a cell is independent of the water level (left panel). In the second option, the infiltration rate is based on the cumulative rates in the wet areas (middle panel). In this case the infiltration rate is dependent of the water level. The third option is the default option and is a combination of the two previous options. In this case the infiltration rate of the full cell domain is used while it is raining and only the infiltration rate of the wet area is used when it is dry (right panel).
In the first option, the infiltration rate in a cell is defined based on the assumption that the entire cell is wet. In other words, the infiltration rate in a cell is independent of the water level (left panel). In the second option, the infiltration rate is based on the cumulative rates in the wet areas (middle panel). In this case the infiltration rate depends on the water level. The third option is the default option and is a combination of the two previous options. In this case the infiltration rate of the full cell domain is used while it is raining and only the infiltration rate of the wet area is used when it is dry (right panel).

In 3Di, many raster input variables are stored in tables. This also holds for the infiltration rate, which allows for the infiltration rate to be dependent on the water level and for an efficient storage of the information. The table increment for the infiltration tables equals the 2D increment.

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