geolocator

Flutter Geolocator Plugin

A Flutter geolocation plugin which provides easy access to platform specific location services (FusedLocationProviderClient or if not available the LocationManager on Android and CLLocationManager on iOS).

Features

• Get the last known location;
• Get the current location of the device;
• Get continuous location updates;
• Check if location services are enabled on the device;
• Calculate the distance (in meters) between two geocoordinates;
• Calculate the bearing between two geocoordinates;

IMPORTANT:

Version 7.0.0 of the geolocator plugin contains several breaking changes, for a complete overview please have a look at the Breaking changes in 7.0.0 wiki page.

Starting from version 6.0.0 the geocoding features (placemarkFromAddress and placemarkFromCoordinates) are no longer part of the geolocator plugin. We have moved these features to their own plugin: geocoding. This new plugin is an improved version of the old methods.

Usage

To add the geolocator to your Flutter application read the install instructions. Below are some Android and iOS specifics that are required for the geolocator to work correctly.

Android

Upgrade pre 1.12 Android projects

Since version 5.0.0 this plugin is implemented using the Flutter 1.12 Android plugin APIs. Unfortunately this means App developers also need to migrate their Apps to support the new Android infrastructure. You can do so by following the Upgrading pre 1.12 Android projects migration guide. Failing to do so might result in unexpected behaviour.

AndroidX

The geolocator plugin requires the AndroidX version of the Android Support Libraries. This means you need to make sure your Android project supports AndroidX. Detailed instructions can be found here.

The TL;DR version is:

1. Add the following to your "gradle.properties" file:

android.useAndroidX=true
android.enableJetifier=true

2. Make sure you set the compileSdkVersion in your "android/app/build.gradle" file to 34:

android {
  compileSdkVersion 34

  ...
}

3. Make sure you replace all the android. dependencies to their AndroidX counterparts (a full list can be found here: Migrating to AndroidX).

Permissions

On Android you'll need to add either the ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION or the ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION permission to your Android Manifest. To do so open the AndroidManifest.xml file (located under android/app/src/main) and add one of the following two lines as direct children of the <manifest> tag (when you configure both permissions the ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION will be used by the geolocator plugin):

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" />

Starting from Android 10 you need to add the ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION permission (next to the ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION or the ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION permission) if you want to continue receiving updates even when your App is running in the background:

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_BACKGROUND_LOCATION" />

NOTE: Specifying the ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION permission results in location updates with an accuracy approximately equivalent to a city block. It might take a long time (minutes) before you will get your first locations fix as ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION will only use the network services to calculate the position of the device. More information can be found here.

iOS

On iOS you'll need to add the following entry to your Info.plist file (located under ios/Runner) in order to access the device's location. Simply open your Info.plist file and add the following (make sure you update the description so it is meaningful in the context of your App):

<key>NSLocationWhenInUseUsageDescription</key>
<string>This app needs access to location when open.</string>

If you don't need to receive updates when your app is in the background, then add a compiler flag as follows: in XCode, click on Pods, choose the Target 'geolocator_apple', choose Build Settings, in the search box look for 'Preprocessor Macros' then add the BYPASS_PERMISSION_LOCATION_ALWAYS=1 flag. Setting this flag prevents your app from requiring the NSLocationAlwaysAndWhenInUseUsageDescription entry in Info.plist, and avoids questions from Apple when submitting your app.

You can also have the flag set automatically by adding the following to the ios/Podfile of your application:

post_install do |installer|
  installer.pods_project.targets.each do |target|
    if target.name == "geolocator_apple"
      target.build_configurations.each do |config|
        config.build_settings['GCC_PREPROCESSOR_DEFINITIONS'] ||= ['$(inherited)', 'BYPASS_PERMISSION_LOCATION_ALWAYS=1']
      end
    end
  end
end

If you do want to receive updates when your App is in the background (or if you don't bypass the permission request as described above) then you'll need to:

• Add the Background Modes capability to your XCode project (Project > Signing and Capabilities > "+ Capability" button) and select Location Updates. Be careful with this, you will need to explain in detail to Apple why your App needs this when submitting your App to the AppStore. If Apple isn't satisfied with the explanation your App will be rejected.
• Add an NSLocationAlwaysAndWhenInUseUsageDescription entry to your Info.plist (use NSLocationAlwaysUsageDescription if you're targeting iOS <11.0)

When using the requestTemporaryFullAccuracy({purposeKey: "YourPurposeKey"}) method, a dictionary should be added to the Info.plist file.

<key>NSLocationTemporaryUsageDescriptionDictionary</key>
<dict>
  <key>YourPurposeKey</key>
  <string>The example App requires temporary access to the device&apos;s precise location.</string>
</dict>

The second key (in this example called YourPurposeKey) should match the purposeKey that is passed in the requestTemporaryFullAccuracy() method. It is possible to define multiple keys for different features in your app. More information can be found in Apple's documentation.

NOTE: the first time requesting temporary full accuracy access it might take several seconds for the pop-up to show. This is due to the fact that iOS is determining the exact user location which may take several seconds. Unfortunately this is out of our hands.

macOS

On macOS you'll need to add the following entries to your Info.plist file (located under macOS/Runner) in order to access the device's location. Simply open your Info.plist file and add the following (make sure you update the description so it is meaningfull in the context of your App):

<key>NSLocationUsageDescription</key>
<string>This app needs access to location.</string>

You will also have to add the following entry to the DebugProfile.entitlements and Release.entitlements files. This will declare that your App wants to make use of the device's location services and adds it to the list in the "System Preferences" -> "Security & Privace" -> "Privacy" settings.

<key>com.apple.security.personal-information.location</key>
<true/>

When using the requestTemporaryFullAccuracy({purposeKey: "YourPurposeKey"}) method, a dictionary should be added to the Info.plist file.

<key>NSLocationTemporaryUsageDescriptionDictionary</key>
<dict>
  <key>YourPurposeKey</key>
  <string>The example App requires temporary access to the device&apos;s precise location.</string>
</dict>

The second key (in this example called YourPurposeKey) should match the purposeKey that is passed in the requestTemporaryFullAccuracy() method. It is possible to define multiple keys for different features in your app. More information can be found in Apple's documentation.

NOTE: the first time requesting temporary full accuracy access it might take several seconds for the pop-up to show. This is due to the fact that macOS is determining the exact user location which may take several seconds. Unfortunately this is out of our hands.

Web

To use the Geolocator plugin on the web you need to be using Flutter 1.20 or higher. Flutter will automatically add the endorsed geolocator_web package to your application when you add the geolocator: ^6.2.0 dependency to your pubspec.yaml.

The following methods of the geolocator API are not supported on the web and will result in a UnsupportedError:

• getLastKnownPosition({ bool forceAndroidLocationManager = true })
• openAppSettings()
• openLocationSettings()
• getServiceStatusStream()

NOTE

Geolocator Web is available only in secure_contexts (HTTPS). More info about the Geolocator API can be found here.

Windows

To use the Geolocator plugin on Windows you need to be using Flutter 2.10 or higher. Flutter will automatically add the endorsed geolocator_windows package to your application when you add the geolocator: ^8.1.0 dependency to your pubspec.yaml.

Example

The code below shows an example on how to acquire the current position of the device, including checking if the location services are enabled and checking / requesting permission to access the position of the device:

import 'package:geolocator/geolocator.dart';

/// Determine the current position of the device.
///
/// When the location services are not enabled or permissions
/// are denied the `Future` will return an error.
Future<Position> _determinePosition() async {
  bool serviceEnabled;
  LocationPermission permission;

  // Test if location services are enabled.
  serviceEnabled = await Geolocator.isLocationServiceEnabled();
  if (!serviceEnabled) {
    // Location services are not enabled don't continue
    // accessing the position and request users of the 
    // App to enable the location services.
    return Future.error('Location services are disabled.');
  }

  permission = await Geolocator.checkPermission();
  if (permission == LocationPermission.denied) {
    permission = await Geolocator.requestPermission();
    if (permission == LocationPermission.denied) {
      // Permissions are denied, next time you could try
      // requesting permissions again (this is also where
      // Android's shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale 
      // returned true. According to Android guidelines
      // your App should show an explanatory UI now.
      return Future.error('Location permissions are denied');
    }
  }
  
  if (permission == LocationPermission.deniedForever) {
    // Permissions are denied forever, handle appropriately. 
    return Future.error(
      'Location permissions are permanently denied, we cannot request permissions.');
  } 

  // When we reach here, permissions are granted and we can
  // continue accessing the position of the device.
  return await Geolocator.getCurrentPosition();
}

API

Geolocation

Current location

To query the current location of the device simply make a call to the getCurrentPosition method. You can finetune the results by specifying the following parameters:

• desiredAccuracy: the accuracy of the location data that your app wants to receive;
• timeLimit: the maximum amount of time allowed to acquire the current location. When the time limit is passed a TimeoutException will be thrown and the call will be cancelled. By default no limit is configured.

import 'package:geolocator/geolocator.dart';

final LocationSettings locationSettings = LocationSettings(
  accuracy: LocationAccuracy.high,
  distanceFilter: 100,
);

Position position = await Geolocator.getCurrentPosition(locationSettings: locationSettings);

Last known location

To query the last known location retrieved stored on the device you can use the getLastKnownPosition method (note that this can result in a null value when no location details are available):

import 'package:geolocator/geolocator.dart';

Position? position = await Geolocator.getLastKnownPosition();

Listen to location updates

To listen for location changes you can call the getPositionStream to receive stream you can listen to and receive position updates. You can finetune the results by specifying the following parameters:

• accuracy: the accuracy of the location data that your app wants to receive;
• distanceFilter: the minimum distance (measured in meters) a device must move horizontally before an update event is generated;
• timeLimit: the maximum amount of time allowed between location updates. When the time limit is passed a TimeoutException will be thrown and the stream will be cancelled. By default no limit is configured.

import 'package:geolocator/geolocator.dart';

final LocationSettings locationSettings = LocationSettings(
  accuracy: LocationAccuracy.high,
  distanceFilter: 100,
);
StreamSubscription<Position> positionStream = Geolocator.getPositionStream(locationSettings: locationSettings).listen(
    (Position? position) {
        print(position == null ? 'Unknown' : '${position.latitude.toString()}, ${position.longitude.toString()}');
    });

Platform specific location settings

In certain situation it is necessary to specify some platform specific settings. This can be accomplished using the platform specific AndroidSettings, AppleSettings and WebSettings classes. When using a platform specific class, the platform specific package must be imported as well. For example:

import 'package:geolocator/geolocator.dart';
import 'package:geolocator_android/geolocator_android.dart';
import 'package:geolocator_android/geolocator_web.dart';
import 'package:geolocator_apple/geolocator_apple.dart';

late LocationSettings locationSettings;

if (defaultTargetPlatform == TargetPlatform.android) {
  locationSettings = AndroidSettings(
      accuracy: LocationAccuracy.high,
      distanceFilter: 100,
      forceLocationManager: true,
      intervalDuration: const Duration(seconds: 10),
      //(Optional) Set foreground notification config to keep the app alive 
      //when going to the background
      foregroundNotificationConfig: const ForegroundNotificationConfig(
        notificationText:
        "Example app will continue to receive your location even when you aren't using it",
        notificationTitle: "Running in Background",
        enableWakeLock: true,
      )
  );
} else if (defaultTargetPlatform == TargetPlatform.iOS || defaultTargetPlatform == TargetPlatform.macOS) {
  locationSettings = AppleSettings(
    accuracy: LocationAccuracy.high,
    activityType: ActivityType.fitness,
    distanceFilter: 100,
    pauseLocationUpdatesAutomatically: true,
    // Only set to true if our app will be started up in the background.
    showBackgroundLocationIndicator: false,
  );
} else if (kIsWeb) {
  locationSettings = WebSettings(
    accuracy: LocationAccuracy.high,
    distanceFilter: 100,
    maximumAge: Duration(minutes: 5),
  );
} else {
  locationSettings = LocationSettings(
    accuracy: LocationAccuracy.high,
    distanceFilter: 100,
  );
}

// supply location settings to getCurrentPosition
Position position = await Geolocator.getCurrentPosition(locationSettings: locationSettings);

// supply location settings to getPositionStream
StreamSubscription<Position> positionStream = Geolocator.getPositionStream(locationSettings: locationSettings).listen(
        (Position? position) {
      print(position == null ? 'Unknown' : '${position.latitude.toString()}, ${position.longitude.toString()}');
    });

Location accuracy (Android and iOS 14+ only)

To query if a user enabled Approximate location fetching or Precise location fetching, you can call the Geolocator().getLocationAccuracy() method. This will return a Future<LocationAccuracyStatus>, which when completed contains a LocationAccuracyStatus.reduced if the user has enabled Approximate location fetching or LocationAccuracyStatus.precise if the user has enabled Precise location fetching. When calling getLocationAccuracy before the user has given permission, the method will return LocationAccuracyStatus.reduced by default. On iOS 13 or below, the method getLocationAccuracy will always return LocationAccuracyStatus.precise, since that is the default value for iOS 13 and below.

import 'package:geolocator/geolocator.dart';

var accuracy = await Geolocator.getLocationAccuracy();

Location service information

To check if location services are enabled you can call the isLocationServiceEnabled method:

import 'package:geolocator/geolocator.dart';

bool isLocationServiceEnabled  = await Geolocator.isLocationServiceEnabled();

To listen for service status changes you can call the getServiceStatusStream. This will return a Stream<ServiceStatus> which can be listened to, to receive location service status updates.

import 'package:geolocator/geolocator.dart';

StreamSubscription<ServiceStatus> serviceStatusStream = Geolocator.getServiceStatusStream().listen(
    (ServiceStatus status) {
        print(status);
    });

Permissions

When using the web platform, the checkPermission method will return the LocationPermission.denied status, when the browser doesn't support the JavaScript Permissions API. Nevertheless, the getCurrentPosition and getPositionStream methods can still be used on the web platform.

If you want to check if the user already granted permissions to acquire the device's location you can make a call to the checkPermission method:

import 'package:geolocator/geolocator.dart';

LocationPermission permission = await Geolocator.checkPermission();

If you want to request permission to access the device's location you can call the requestPermission method:

import 'package:geolocator/geolocator.dart';

LocationPermission permission = await Geolocator.requestPermission();

Possible results from the checkPermission and requestPermission methods are:

Permission	Description
denied	Permission to access the device's location is denied by the user. You are free to request permission again (this is also the initial permission state).
deniedForever	Permission to access the device's location is permanently denied. When requesting permissions the permission dialog will not be shown until the user updates the permission in the App settings.
whileInUse	Permission to access the device's location is allowed only while the App is in use.
always	Permission to access the device's location is allowed even when the App is running in the background.

Note: Android can only return whileInUse, always or denied when checking permissions. Due to limitations on the Android OS it is not possible to determine if permissions are denied permanently when checking permissions. Using a workaround the geolocator is only able to do so as a result of the requestPermission method. More information can be found in our wiki.

Settings

In some cases it is necessary to ask the user and update their device settings. For example when the user initially permanently denied permissions to access the device's location or if the location services are not enabled (and, on Android, automatic resolution didn't work). In these cases you can use the openAppSettings or openLocationSettings methods to immediately redirect the user to the device's settings page.

On Android the openAppSettings method will redirect the user to the App specific settings where the user can update necessary permissions. The openLocationSettings method will redirect the user to the location settings where the user can enable/ disable the location services.

On iOS we are not allowed to open specific setting pages so both methods will redirect the user to the Settings App from where the user can navigate to the correct settings category to update permissions or enable/ disable the location services.

import 'package:geolocator/geolocator.dart';

await Geolocator.openAppSettings();
await Geolocator.openLocationSettings();

Utility methods

To calculate the distance (in meters) between two geocoordinates you can use the distanceBetween method. The distanceBetween method takes four parameters:

Parameter	Type	Description
startLatitude	double	Latitude of the start position
startLongitude	double	Longitude of the start position
endLatitude	double	Latitude of the destination position
endLongitude	double	Longitude of the destination position

import 'package:geolocator/geolocator.dart';

double distanceInMeters = Geolocator.distanceBetween(52.2165157, 6.9437819, 52.3546274, 4.8285838);

If you want to calculate the bearing between two geocoordinates you can use the bearingBetween method. The bearingBetween method also takes four parameters:

Parameter	Type	Description
startLatitude	double	Latitude of the start position
startLongitude	double	Longitude of the start position
endLatitude	double	Latitude of the destination position
endLongitude	double	Longitude of the destination position

import 'package:geolocator/geolocator.dart';

double bearing = Geolocator.bearingBetween(52.2165157, 6.9437819, 52.3546274, 4.8285838);

Location accuracy

Android

On Android, the LocationAccuracy enum controls the accuracy of the location data the app wants to receive. It also provides control over the priority given to the location stream. This can be confusing, as a priority of lowest might not return any location, while one might expect it to give the quickest responses. The table below outlines the priority and its meaning per accuracy option:

Location accuracy	Android priority	Description
lowest	PRIORITY_PASSIVE	Ensures that no extra power will be used to derive locations. This enforces that the request will act as a passive listener that will only receive "free" locations calculated on behalf of other clients, and no locations will be calculated on behalf of only this request.
low	PRIORITY_LOW_POWER	Requests a tradeoff that favors low power usage at the possible expense of location accuracy.
medium	PRIORITY_BALANCED_POWER_ACCURACY	Requests a tradeoff that is balanced between location accuracy and power usage.
high+	PRIORITY_HIGH_ACCURACY	Requests a tradeoff that favors highly accurate locations at the possible expense of additional power usage.

iOS

On iOS, the LocationAccuracy enum controls the accuracy of the location data the app wants to receive. It also provides control on the battery consumption of the device: the more detailed data is requested, the larger the impact on the battery consumption. More details can be found on Apple's documentation. The table below shows how the LocationAccuracy values map to the native iOS accuracy settings.

Location accuracy	iOS accuracy	Description
lowest	kCLLocationAccuracyThreeKilometers	Accurate to the nearest three kilometers.
low	kCLLocationAccuracyKilometer	Accurate to the nearest kilometer.
medium	kCLLocationAccuracyHundredMeters	Accurate to within one hundred meters.
high	kCLLocationAccuracyNearestTenMeters	Accurate to within ten meters of the desired target.
best	kCLLocationAccuracyBest	The best level of accuracy available.
bestForNavigation	kCLLocationAccuracyBestForNavigation	The highest possible accuracy that uses additional sensor data to facilitate navigation apps.

Issues

Please file any issues, bugs or feature requests as an issue on our GitHub page. Commercial support is available, you can contact us at [email protected].

Want to contribute

If you would like to contribute to the plugin (e.g. by improving the documentation, solving a bug or adding a cool new feature), please carefully review our contribution guide and send us your pull request.

Author

This Geolocator plugin for Flutter is developed by Baseflow.