[FTheoryTools] More improvements

[HereAround]

Changes:

• Support family_of_g4_fluxes for a given g4-flux.
• Bug fix and increased efficiency in D3-tadpole computation.
• Printing of G4-flux family reflects knowledge about D3-tadpole computation.
• Add method that checks verticality for any family of G4-fluxes.
• Add method that checks non-abelian gauge group breaking for any family of G4-fluxes.
• Add method that executes elementary quantization checks for any family of G4-fluxes.
• Add arithmetics for G4-fluxes.
• Introduce chosen_g4_flux_basis.
  This is a wrapper for ambient_space_models_of_g4_fluxes, which returns a vector of G4-fluxes instead of a vector of cohomology classes. Why? The name is shorter and easier to remember. Plus, I just added quick (!) arithmetics for G4-fluxes. So users should ideally create G4-fluxes and perform arithmetics with them, rather than with the underlying cohomology classes. Thus, have also removed the export of ambient_space_models_of_g4_fluxes, which thereby turns into an internal method. The docstrings were modified, so as to be clearer and remove any mention of this now internal method. (Aside: This change does NOT require an update of our zenodo artifact.)
• Consolidate and improve docstring for special_flux_family.
  In particular, make the more clunky function names (e.g. _well_quantized_and_vertical_and_no_non_abelian_gauge_group_breaking_ambient_space_models_of_g4_fluxes)
  internal and clean-up the tests (fewer and more instructive tests).
• Bug fix in forwarding properties of G4-flux families of (random) flux instances of such families.
• Align order in which G4-fluxes and families of G4-fluxes print details: Quantization, verticality, breaking of non-abelian gauge group, tadpole.
• Make use of the extended functionality of the attr-macro in more functions.

cc @apturner @emikelsons

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 79.56204% with 28 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 84.53%. Comparing base (0d59f06) to head (f9d2ff4).
Report is 13 commits behind head on master.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...al/FTheoryTools/src/FamilyOfG4Fluxes/properties.jl	69.11%	21 Missing ⚠️
...perimental/FTheoryTools/src/G4Fluxes/attributes.jl	77.77%	4 Missing ⚠️
...rimental/FTheoryTools/src/G4Fluxes/constructors.jl	83.33%	3 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #4500      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   84.55%   84.53%   -0.02%     
==========================================
  Files         672      671       -1     
  Lines       88833    88937     +104     
==========================================
+ Hits        75109    75184      +75     
- Misses      13724    13753      +29     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
...al/FTheoryTools/src/FamilyOfG4Fluxes/attributes.jl	80.00% <100.00%> (ø)
.../FTheoryTools/src/FamilyOfG4Fluxes/constructors.jl	78.04% <100.00%> (+1.73%)	⬆️
...ental/FTheoryTools/src/FamilyOfG4Fluxes/methods.jl	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
...Tools/src/FamilyOfG4Fluxes/special_constructors.jl	77.41% <100.00%> (ø)
...xperimental/FTheoryTools/src/G4Fluxes/auxiliary.jl	97.04% <100.00%> (+0.01%)	⬆️
...perimental/FTheoryTools/src/G4Fluxes/properties.jl	100.00% <ø> (ø)
...heoryTools/src/Serialization/weierstrass_models.jl	45.31% <ø> (ø)
...rimental/FTheoryTools/src/G4Fluxes/constructors.jl	78.68% <83.33%> (-0.48%)	⬇️
...perimental/FTheoryTools/src/G4Fluxes/attributes.jl	80.64% <77.77%> (-1.71%)	⬇️
...al/FTheoryTools/src/FamilyOfG4Fluxes/properties.jl	69.11% <69.11%> (-30.89%)	⬇️

... and 6 files with indirect coverage changes

[lgoettgens]

I found some more places where @attr could be used to streamline the control flow and enhance readability

[HereAround]

I found some more places where @attr could be used to streamline the control flow and enhance readability

Thank you @lgoettgens. Looking into this now!

[HereAround]

Ready for review.

@lgoettgens I have adjusted the attr-macro uses as indicated. Please take a look if you can spot more instances/if something seems off.

@apturner and @emikelsons Please take a look and let me know if you like the features/improvements. Note in particular the bug fix in the D3-tadpole computation.

[emikelsons]

Overall, looks good and the tests pass