fix: Fix lazy schema for cut/qcut when allow_breaks=True

[mcrumiller]

Resolves #11255

[stinodego]

Good addition - some minor remarks though about the testing.

[mcrumiller]

@stinodego I moved test_cut.py over to test_operations like you suggested. I fleshed out all of the tests a bit more (adding series/expr tests), organized a bit more, and included the schema checks.

[stinodego]

@mcrumiller I refactored the tests as there were a lot of things duplicated. Try to limit to one assert per test - if you want to reuse code or data, use parametrize or fixtures. Most importantly though, the schema wasn't being checked correctly.

After fixing the tests, it turns out the implementation was incorrect. So after I fixed that, everything now works correctly 🎉