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Add VO:0005503 to group vaccines for diseases #620

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merged 4 commits into from
Sep 24, 2023

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cthoyt
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@cthoyt cthoyt commented Sep 22, 2023

Part of #619

This PR does the following:

  1. Introduces VO:0005503 (vaccine for disease) as a direct subclass of VO:0000001 (vaccine). This term includes the axiom 'immunizes against disease' *some* 'disease'
  2. Rewires the following two classes from being direct subclasses of VO:0000001 (vaccine) to being direct subclasses of VO:0005503 (vaccine for disease):
    • VO:0000117 (cancer vaccine)
    • VO:0002813 (non-infectious disease vaccine)

This makes it easier to group vaccine terms that are specifically about the disease for which they immunize.

Further, this simple demonstration shows that it will be possible to make slightly larger changes in subsequent contributions to group the other vaccine sub-hierarchies such as target-based terms and platform-based terms.

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cthoyt commented Sep 22, 2023

CC @zhengj2007

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@cthoyt Thanks for adding the term for grouping the vaccines for diseases. It looks good to me. We are working on improving VO, including building the modules and fixing the issues (e.g. duplicated labels). We may postpone merging the changes you made and include it in the template.

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cthoyt commented Sep 22, 2023

@zhengj2007 is there a timeline on that? I have several contributions I would like to make that would be useful for an ongoing project, but I don't want to work towards contributing it if merging isn't timely

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@cthoyt I need to discuss with @yongqunh. We want to make it done as soon as possible. However, there are many terms in VO need to be reviewed. It may take several months.

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cthoyt commented Sep 23, 2023

@zhengj2007 I don't understand. Does my proposed change conflict with other upcoming changes?

If it's a matter of the ID ranges, you can assign me a certain range and I will update it to that. Otherwise, waiting months would be a big problem for my project

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Huffmaar commented Sep 23, 2023 via email

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Huffmaar commented Sep 23, 2023 via email

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Yes. I talked to Anthony today. I was in traveling yesterday so did not check emails. Sorry for that.

It appears to be good to have a term "vaccine for disease". I do have a question here: is there any vaccine that is not for a disease? If there is none, than vaccine = "vaccine for disease". In this case, it may not be necessary to generate such a term. Then, we can put the axiom
'immunizes against disease' some 'disease'
to the 'vaccine' term itself.

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cthoyt commented Sep 24, 2023

In general, not all vaccines immunize against disease. For example, there are several vaccines that work as contraceptives (see VO:0000759 hierarchy), as profertility agents (see VO:0000372)

However, the purpose I have here is to note that there are many ways of describing a vaccine:

  1. Based on what disease it immunizes against
  2. Based on the target pathogen it immunizes against
  3. Based on the organism that it immunizes
  4. Based on the type of vaccine platform
  5. etc.

Because there are many senses in which you might talk about a vaccine, I think it makes sense to have multiple sub-hierarchies corresponding to each. A given vaccine can be part of multiple of these, as it's obviously the case that a given vaccine typically has all of these properties. How it is, these annotations are actually very sparse, and some specific vaccines are only annotated based on one of them (when it would be ideal to have all)

Many terms can't be annotated with a disease, for example, DNA Vaccines (VO:0000032) are a totally different subhierarchy for vaccines that describe the platform. This is why we should not add any annotations to the top-level vaccine term, since when you talk about DNA Vaccine, you don't imply that it has a certain activity, just that it works in a given way. As a follow-up to the change in this PR, I will also propose a "vaccine by platform" grouping term

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Thanks for clarification. I think it makes sense. I will next merge pull request.
One note is that the following:
2. Based on the target pathogen it immunizes against
may need to be defined under 'vaccine for disease' because the target pathogen induces specific disease(s). However, sometimes it is also tricky. For example, HPV is a virus that can induce cancer, which is no infectious disease.

@yongqunh yongqunh merged commit 9644247 into vaccineontology:master Sep 24, 2023
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cthoyt commented Sep 24, 2023

Luckily the curation of the material basis of a disease is within the domain of the Disease Ontology / MONDO, and this can be imported.

@cthoyt cthoyt deleted the group-vaccine-for-disease branch September 24, 2023 16:44
cthoyt added a commit to cthoyt/VO that referenced this pull request Sep 24, 2023
Similarly to vaccineontology#620, this pull request adds a mid-level grouping term between VO:0000001 (vaccine) and four child terms:

1. fungal vaccine
2. bacterial vaccine
3. protozoan vaccine
4. virus vaccine

This is added in the term "vaccine for pathogen" (VO:0005504). It has the axiom `immunizes against microbe` some 'organism'` as a reminder that all subclasses of this term should include a statement saying specifically which taxa they immunize against

Finally, this PR adds a domain (vaccine) and range (organism) annotation to `immunizes against microbe`
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cthoyt commented Sep 24, 2023

@yongqunh thank you for looking this over. I hope we can add a few other similar PRs in quick succession!

cthoyt added a commit to cthoyt/VO that referenced this pull request Sep 24, 2023
Similarly to vaccineontology#620, this adds a mid-level grouping term between VO:0000001 (vaccine) and several children representing vaccine platforms:

1. conjugate vaccine
2. DNA vaccine
3. inactivated vaccine
4. live virulent vaccine
5. live attenuated vaccine
6. passive vaccine
7. toxoid vaccine
8. whole organism vaccine
9. virus-like particle vaccine
10. recombinant vector vaccine
11. RNA vaccine
12. subunit vaccine

This is added in the term "vaccine for platform" (VO:0005505). This doesn't add any axiomization regarding this grouping at the moment, since it's not yet clear if there's a shared way of ontologizing "what is a platform". Looking forward, platforms are typically defined as a combination of the one or more of the components/antigens/adjuvants/other ingredient types
@cthoyt cthoyt changed the title Group vaccines for diseases Add VO:0005503 to group vaccines for diseases Sep 24, 2023
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4 participants